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Authentication in 2020 - Predictions by the neXus CTO

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A presentation on how authentication can be done in 2020.

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Page 1: Authentication in 2020 - Predictions by the neXus CTO

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Page 2: Authentication in 2020 - Predictions by the neXus CTO

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Page 3: Authentication in 2020 - Predictions by the neXus CTO

Good  morning  everyone,  I’m  Per  Hägerö  CTO  of  neXus.  I  want  to  share  some  insights  with  you  around  the  area  of  authenBcaBon  and  how  I  think  we  can  use  authenBcaBon  in  2020.  

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First  of  all,  just  to  state  I  will  talk  about  what’s  alive  –  no  more  talk  about  the  death  of  things.                  

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How  does  2020  look,  what  are  the  driving  forces  that  will  change  how  we  do  authenBcaBon  in  2020?    

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Today  most  authenBcaBon  infrastructures  are  focused  on  idenBfying  people,  we  of  course  for  instance  authenBcate  devices  using  for  instance  PKI,  but  in  general  focus  is  on  idenBfying  persons,  a  people  centric  Infrastructure.      

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The  people  centric  infrastructure  have  focused  on  a  number  of  factors  to  determine  the  authenBcaBon  strength  which  is  then  a  measurement  of  how  sure  we  can  be  that  the  person  in  possession  of  a  factor  and  that  claim  an  idenBty  linked  to  the  factor  really  is  the  person  the  claim  to  be.  We  talk  about  1-­‐factor,  2-­‐factor,  3-­‐factor  (something  you  know,  some  thing  you  have,  something  you  are)      There  are  a  variety  of  different  authenBcaBon  methods  which  you  can  see  an  example  of  in  the  slide  here.  We  have  soWware  tokens,  OTP  hardware  tokens,  SMS  tokens,  smart  cards,  biometrics  and  so  of.      These  are  all  built  from  providing  authenBcaBon  of  people,  but  how  does  this  fit  into  a  world  where  its  not  just  people  that  need  to  be  mutually  authenBcated,  in  a  world  when  other  enBBes  need  to  mutually  authenBcate  each  other  so  that  they  can  communicate  and  exchange  informaBon.    

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How  does  tradiBonal  authenBcaBon  fit  into  Internet  of  Things  (IoT)  or  Internet  of  Everything  and  Everyone  (IOEE)?    Being  on  the  forefront  of  the  future  predicBons  since  the  90’s  with  the  rise  of  mobile  and  smart  homes  we  are  now  at  the  beginning  of  a  the  broad  adopBon  curve  of  a  connected  world.  We  have  intelligent  homes  where  we  can  control  the  lights  when  we  are  on  vacaBon  to  create  a  random  use  and  protect  us  from  burglars  vs.  having  the  Bmer  that  made  use  look  very  even  in  our  daily  life.  We  have  fire  sensors  and  climate  controls  that  are  connected  and  we  control  it  using  various  channels  such  as  mobile.  And  there  are  many  more  examples.  What  we  know  today  is  that  this  will  explode  the  next  coming  years  and  by  2020  connected  things  will  by  far  outnumber  connected  people.  We  also  know  that  these  connected  things  will  start  to  act  without  human  interacBon  and  make  decisions  on  there  own.  Its  no  longer  a  theory  with  driverless  cars  and  even  though  we  will  not  see  a  wide  adopBon  by  2020  they  and  other  things  will  drive  development  within  authenBcaBon.  Why?  1)  they  need  access  to  services  and  data  to  act  2)  they  need  to  be  protected  and  validate  who  they  communicate  with.  A  drivers  less  car  is  not  likely  to  pull-­‐up  an  OTP  token  to  authenBcate  to  the  garage  upon  arrival.      

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The  other  aspect  I  want  to  point  out  as  a  driving  factor  is  the  within  how  end  users  uses  you  services.  Today  most  services  are  access  by  one  or  two  interfaces  and  you  are  able  to  add  an  authenBcaBon  layer  at  the  user  interface,  for  instance  using  a  portal  such  as  in  the  slide.  This  is  valid  also  in  the  foreseeable  future  as  it  provides  an  easy  way  for  end  users  to  authenBcaBon  and  it  also  provides  an  opportunity  to  reduce  the  number  of  logins  for  users  using  Single  Sign-­‐On  and  IdenBty  FederaBon.      But,  as  we  talked  about  on  the  Internet  of  Things  slide,  its  not  only  person  driven  access  we  need  to  provide  authenBcaBon  for,  and  this  requires  a  different  approach.    

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API-­‐access  is  becoming  a  more  and  more  important  area  to  address  from  many  perspecBves  so  also  from  an  authenBcaBon  perspecBve.  APIs  allows  other  applicaBons  than  your  specific  UI  to  access  your  services  and  data  which  is  great  because  this  will  open  up  new  opportuniBes  for  you.  But  it  also  means  that  authenBcaBon  needs  to  be  done  differently  as  the  point  where  the  iniBal  authenBcaBon  is  made  is  no  longer  at  your  control.  Yes  you  can  of  course  direct  an  API  to  your  authenBcaBon  infrastructure,  but  since  you  don’t  control  the  UI  of  the  accessing  API  ,  if  it  even  has  a  UI,  your  beeer  of  trusBng  the  API  using  so  called  IdenBty  FederaBon  which  means  that  the  API  will  provide  its  idenBty  in  form  of  a  token  issued  by  someone  you  trust.      What  does  this  mean  for  your  AuthenBcaBon  Infrastructure?  You  need  to  make  sure  you  AuthenBcaBon  Infrastructure  supports  authenBcaBon  methods  that  can  be  used  by  an  API.  Some  APIs  can  use  CerBficates  while  others  must  use  FederaBon  Technologies  such  as  SAML,  OAuth  and  OpenID.  My  recommendaBon  is  that  you  make  sure  your  infrastructure  supports  all.      

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So  is  all  is  good  then?      Since  consumerizaBon  drives  a  lot  of  development  and  adopBon  of  technology  making  things  easier  for  the  end  user  will  be  an  even  more  important  area  to  address  to  2020.  The  direcBons  I  outlined  earlier  does  this  to  some  extent  but  we  are  sBll  with  the  factoring  discussion.  So  how  can  we  make  authenBcaBon  easier.      So  what  can  we  learn  from  the  world  around  us…    Think  about  you  authenBcaBon  infrastructure  as  a  new  born  child  where  the  child  as  zero  knowledge  about  people  that  will  claim  their  idenBBes  to  it.  They  sure  don’t  use  a  hardware  token  or  ID-­‐card  to  prove  their  idenBty  and  nor  would  the  child  be  able  to  put  any  trust  into  those  claims.  So  how  do  they  build  up  trust?                  

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The  mutual  authenBcaBon  of  mother  to  child  could  of  course  be  established  by  some  biometric  means  during  the  9  months  of  pregancy  

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But  how  on  earth  does  the  child  build  up  a  trust  and  authenBcaBon  for  other  people  in  its  world?      Most  of  it  is  self-­‐claimed  authenBcaBon  such  as  “I’m  your  dad”  or  federated  authenBcaBon  “This  is  you  brother”  which  is  repeated  over  and  over  again  unBl  the  child  has  stored  the  idenBty  of  the  other  party  in  its  user  table  (or  what  ever  we  should  call).  AuthenBcaBon  is  likely  to  be  a  combinaBon  of  visual  characterisBcs  in  combinaBon  with  others  such  as  voice,  smell  and  other  aeributes.  The  more  certain  the  child  will  be  on  the  authenBcity  of  the  other  party  =  RecogniBon                    

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As  the  child  grows  they  increase  their  based  of  authenBcated  parBes  and  can  also  start  add  more  intelligence  to  its  decisions.  As  they  fill  up  their  “user  base”  and  that’s  when  we  start  to  partly  de-­‐provision  users  in  our  mind  and  forget  them.    

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So  what…??  How  does  that  relate  to  my  authenBcaBon  infrastructure?    

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When  your  authenBcaBon  infrastructure  is  intelligent  it  can  look  beyond  the  number  of  factors  and  begin  the  journey  towards  genng  to  know  your  users  by  gathering  data  about  them.  You  will  hen  be  empowered  to  deliver  a  beeer  User  Experience  while  you  will  actually  will  increase  the  security,  so  it’s  a  win-­‐win  situaBon.    

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What  points  in  this  direcBon?    

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We  are  increasingly  adding  new  devices  that  collects  data  about  end  users  –  both  persons  and  things.  These  devices  are  increasingly  smarter  and  will  provide  you  with  data  about  the  users  without  interfering  with  what  they  are  doing.    

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The  sharing  generaBon  –  we  are  sharing  more  data  and  are  willing  to  share  if  the  value  is  good  enough  and  we  can  trust  who  we  share  with.    

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Big  Data  –  the  growth  in  data  is  ever  increasing  and  soluBons  are  now  coming  to  manage  and  process  large  amounts  of  data.    

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So  its  not  impossible.                

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Ardeidae      It’s  a  heron  standing  on  an  Island      

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