Arrangement

Kinds of cases (kairos)

• Honorable: immediate audience support

• Difficult: Audience hostile to rhetor and/or to the issue raised.

• Mean: Audience thinks the issue is trivial

• Ambiguous: audience is unsure or has mixed feeling

• Obscure: issue is difficult to understand.

Parts of Oration

• Exordium (introduction and/or insinuation)Narrative (concise statement of the argument)Partition (a "mapping statement" outlining the key issues to be addressed / arguments to be made)

Parts of Oration II

• Confirmation (the key body section where the rhetor makes arguments in favor of her position)

• Refutation (the key body section where the rhetor addresses and rebuts possible counterarguments)

• Peroration (Concluding summary, pathetic appeals, ethical appeals)