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ANTICIPATION John Allspaw SVP, Tech Ops Velocity Europe 2011 Thursday, November 10, 2011

Anticipation: What Could Possibly Go Wrong?

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This is a talk I gave at the first Velocity Europe Conference, in November 2011. The slides won't make too much sense without the video, which should be here:

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Page 1: Anticipation: What Could Possibly Go Wrong?

ANTICIPATION

John AllspawSVP, Tech Ops

Velocity Europe 2011

Thursday, November 10, 2011

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PREPARED?Thursday, November 10, 2011

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KnowingWhat

Has Happened

(Learning)

(Response)Knowing

What To Do

KnowingWhat

To Look For

(Monitoring)

KnowingWhat

To Expect

(Anticipation)Knowing

What To Expect

(Anticipation)

Thursday, November 10, 2011

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KnowingWhat

Has Happened

(Learning)

(Response)Knowing

What To Do

KnowingWhat

To Look For

(Monitoring)

KnowingWhat

To Expect

(Anticipation)Knowing

What To Expect

(Anticipation)

Thursday, November 10, 2011

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DesignWorkResponseLearning

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“What could possiblygo wrong?”

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REQUISITEIMAGINATION

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Architectural reviews

Go or No-Go meetings

“Game Day” exercisesThursday, November 10, 2011

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DESIGN

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Situations Considered By

Expert Designer

Situations Considered By

Average Designer

Situations Considered By

Novice Designer

Possible ForeseeableSituations

Adamski and Westrum, 2003 Thursday, November 10, 2011

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“No problem!

I design adaptive systems.”

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DeepwaterHorizon

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Challenger Shuttle

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Adaptive Systems

ExpectedVariation

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Adaptive Systems

ExpectedVariation

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Adaptive Systems

ExpectedVariation

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ExpectedVariation

New DisturbancesArise

Compensation isExhausted

Control

Disturbance

compensation decompensationWoods, 2011

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ExpectedVariation

New DisturbancesArise

Compensation isExhausted

Control

Disturbance

compensation decompensationThursday, November 10, 2011

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Target

New DisturbancesArise

Compensation isExhausted

Control

Disturbance

compensation decompensation

SYSTEMS

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Target

New DisturbancesArise

Compensation isExhausted

Control

Disturbance

compensation decompensation

NETWORKS

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Target

New DisturbancesArise

Compensation isExhausted

Control

Disturbance

compensation decompensation

STAFF

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Target

New DisturbancesArise

Compensation isExhausted

Control

Disturbance

compensation decompensation

TOOLS

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Target

New DisturbancesArise

Compensation isExhausted

Control

Disturbance

compensation decompensation

FUNDING

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Target

New DisturbancesArise

Compensation isExhausted

Control

Disturbance

compensation decompensation

ANYTHING

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WORK

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Predictability

Given situationGiven individual

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Anticipation Skill

UncertaintyOf Events

Unknowable

Unknown

Known

Unthought-of situations

Potential situations

(Cuvelier and Falzon, 2011)Thursday, November 10, 2011

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Anticipation Skill

UncertaintyOf Events

Unthought-of situationsUnknowable

Unknown

KnownPotential situations

(Cuvelier and Falzon, 2011)Thursday, November 10, 2011

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Anticipation Skill

UncertaintyOf Events

Unthought-of situationsUnknowable

Unknown

KnownPotential situations

(Cuvelier and Falzon, 2011)Thursday, November 10, 2011

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Anticipation Skill

UncertaintyOf Events

Unthought-of situationsUnknowable

Unknown

Known

Potential situations

(Cuvelier and Falzon, 2011)Thursday, November 10, 2011

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RESPONSE

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RESPONSE

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RESPONSE

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LEARNING

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TIME

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SUCCEEDMATURELY

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DANGER

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“What an immense mass of evil must result...from allowing men to assume the right of anticipating what may happen.”

Leo Tolstoy

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HaphazardCowboy

ParanoidParalysis

?Thursday, November 10, 2011

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TraumaticExperience

MatureRequisite

Imagination

Sources of Anticipation

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KnowingWhat

Has Happened

(Learning)

KnowingWhat

To Look For

(Monitoring)

KnowingWhat To Do

(Response)Knowing

What To Expect

(Anticipation)Knowing

What To Expect

(Anticipation)

Thursday, November 10, 2011

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FEARThursday, November 10, 2011

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CONFIDENCEThursday, November 10, 2011

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REQUISITEIMAGINATION

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Constant Sense Of UNEASE

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CONFIDENCEThursday, November 10, 2011

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Homework!Thursday, November 10, 2011

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Homework!

1. What do you expect to happen?

2.What might fail during this scenario?

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Homework!

First: individuals

Then:As a group

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Homework!

?Expectations?

Potential failures?

Group versus individual?

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CONFIDENCEThursday, November 10, 2011

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The End

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References

• Resilience Engineering in Practice, Ashgate (http://bit.ly/t7cnXC )

• Ch 10, Handbook of Cognitive Task Design, CRC Press (http://amzn.to/s9Qo8n)

• Resilience Engineering Perspectives, Ashgate (http://bit.ly/rFVtvo)

Material in this talk comes from a variety of sources.

These should be considered mandatory reading for operating and designing any complex systems.

Thursday, November 10, 2011