Android

Agenda• Introduction of Android • Android versions • Android Architecture • Security • Advantages of Android • Disadvantage of Android

Why Android ?

Android is a Linux based operating system for mobile devices

It is developed by Google and later the OHA (Open Handset Alliance)

The goal of android project is to create a real-world product that improves the mobile

experience for end users

What is Android?

It's a consortium of 84 companies such as

Open Handset Alliance (OHA)

Android History

Android History

1.0 - Angel Cake released in 2008

1.1 - Battenberg released in Feb 2009

1.5 - Cupcake released in April 2009

1.6 - Donut released in Sept 2009

2.0 - Eclair released in 26 October 2009

2.2 - Froyo released in the summer of 2010

2.3 - Gingerbread released in the end of 2010

3.0 - Honeycomb released in 2011 , This version focused on tablets

4.0 - Ice Cream Sandwich released in 2012

4.1 - Jelly bean released in first of 2013

4.4 - Kit Kat released Oct 2013

5.0 - Lollipop released June 2014

Cond…

API Level

Android in TV

Android in Watch

Android in Music Player

Architecture

Linux Kernel

Device drivers

Memory management

Process management

Networking

Power Management

Libraries

C/C++ librariesInterface through Java

Surface Manager – Handling UI WindowsOpenGL - 2D and 3D Graphics

Media Codec’s, SQLite, Browser Engine

Android Runtime

Dalvik VMCore Libraries

Application Framework

API interfaceActivity manager – manages application life cycle

Dalvik byte code

Write app in Java

Compiled in Java

Transformed to Dalvik bytecode

Linux OS

Loaded into Dalvik VM

The Dalvik runtime is optimized

Run multiple VMs efficiently

Each app has its own VM

Minimal memory footprint

Application ComponentsActivities They dictate the UI and handle

the user interaction to the smart phone screen

Services They handle background processing associated with an application

Broadcast Receivers They handle communication between Android OS and applications

Content Providers They handle data and database management issues

Activities

service 

Broadcast Receiver• simply respond to broadcast messages from other

applications or from the system itself.• These messages are sometime called events or

intents• Many broadcasts originate from the system for

example, a broadcast announcing that the screen has turned off, the battery is low, or a picture was captured

• Applications can also initiate broadcasts for example, to let other applications know that some data has been downloaded to the device and is available for them to use

Content Providers

• sometimes it is required to share data across applications. This is where content providers become very useful

• Content providers let you centralize content in one place and have many different applications access it as needed

• A content provider manages a shared set of application data

• You can store the data in the file system, an SQLite database, on the web, or any other persistent storage location your application can access

Intents• An Android Intent is an abstract description of an

operation to be performed

• It can be used with startActivity to launch an Activity, broadcastIntent to send it to any interested BroadcastReceiver components

• StartService(Intent) or bindService(Intent, ServiceConnection, int) to communicate with a background Service

Security• Android is a multi-process system, in which each

application (and parts of the system) runs in its own process

• Most security between applications and the system is enforced at the process level through standard Linux facilities

Advantages of Android

• The ability for anyone to customize the Google Android platform

• It gives you better notification• It lets you choose your hardware • It has better app market(5,00,000 application) • A more mature platform• Supports all Google services

Disadvantages

• Wasteful Batteries, This is because the OS is a lot of "process" in the background causing the battery quickly drains

• Sometimes slow device company issued an official version of Android your own

• Extremely inconsistence in design among apps

Do you want to be a Android Developer?

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