Anders Troi - Open Smart City 2012

Welcome to Open Smart City 2012

Anders Troi

Head of Intelligent Energy Systems

DTU Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Intelligent Energy Systems 2

Anders Troi M.Sc. Ph.D. Head of Intelligent Energy Systems

2010 Risø DTU - Head of Intelligent Energy Systems

1997-2010 Siemens A/S - 1989-1996 ABB A/S

Heading iPower , a national Research and Innovation platform developing methods, tools, systems and products for Smart grid.

Chairman of the Danish Government Smart Grid council with special responsibility for Research, Development and Demonstration projects.

EDISON Project ( Electric Vehicles), Cell Project, Next Gen, EV Infrastructure design etc.

Board Member of Danish EV Association

Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

History

• Hans Christian Ørsted founds the College of Advanced Technology, predecessor to the modern DTU, in 1829 with two degree programs: chemistry and mechanical engineering; civil engineering is added in 1857 and electrical engineering in 1903

• The name is changed to the Technical University of Denmark in 1933

• DTU Professor Henrik Dam receives the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1943 for discovering vitamin K

• DTU moves to a new campus in Lundtofte in 1963 that is officially inaugurated in 1974

• DTU merges with the Engineering Academy of Denmark in 1995

• In 2001, DTU achieves full financial and real property autonomy and a Board of Governors with a majority of external members that appoints the Executive Board

• Merged in 2007 with Risø National Laboratory, Danish Institute for Fisheries Research, Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research, Danish National Space Center and Danish Transport Research Institute

H.C. Ørsted

21.03

.2012

Facts about DTU 4

Total students ~8.500

including Ph.D. 1.200

and Int. M.Sc. 650

Research publications 3.600

Leiden Crown Indicator 2010:

no. 1 in Scandinavia

no. 7 in Europe

DTU Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark

Education

6,560 BSc, MSc and BEng students, including

338 international MSc students

1.048 PhD fellows (3 years)

625 Exchange students (3–6 months)

290 DTU students abroad

Research

3,251 Research publications 1.978 Scientific articles i ISI journals 148 PhD dissertations

Innovation

73 Inventions reported 44 Patent applications submitted

Employees (head counts)

1,522 Faculty and research staff 1,562 Technical and administrativ personnel in departments 611 Administration, campus service

Public-sector consultancy

About 2000 consulting assignments

Finances

Income (2009): €540 million

From the annual report: key figures (dtu.dk)

Facts and figures

Study speed and retainment:

BSc: 67% finish within 3+1 year BEng: 54% finish within 3.5+1 year MSc: 92% finish within 2+1 year

http://www.dtu.dk/

DTU Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark 17/04/2008 Presentation

6

Organisation

9 Research Groups

5 Centres In

tellig

en

t En

erg

y

Syste

ms

Ele

ctr

ic E

nerg

y S

yste

ms

Ele

ctr

ic C

om

po

nen

ts

New center

Au

tom

ati

on

an

d C

on

tro

l

PLAY

AD


DTU Electrical Engineering: Intelligent Energy systems

Basic and applied research in cooperation with Utilities and industry

• Current Research areas

SYSLAB

• Grid integration

• Modelling

• Experiments

Modelling of energy markets

• Optimisation of prices and investments

Storage technologies

Solar/ PV Wind

Flexhouse Diesel

E-Car Wind Storag

e 8


Electrical systems

Gas system

District heating net

Electrical Vehicles

Add. Electrical consumption

Heat pumps Heating Industry, process etc.

Fuel (Hybrid cars etc.)

Gas storage

Bio mass

S

ervic

es

S

YS

TE

M

Re

sso

urc

es

In

te

rn

atio

na

l

In

te

rn

atio

na

l

Fluctuating electricity

De

nm

ark

The future energy system Electricity, Gas, Heat …..


The Energy Storage Landscape C

ap

ac

ity r

ati

ng

(k

Wh

-MW

h-G

Wh

-TW

h)

Securing

power quality

Shifting

night and day

Storing for

the weather

Leveling the

seasons

Supercaps,

Flywheels,

Batteries

Electric vehicles,

Heat pumps,

Battery's 2nd life,

Smart Grid

Central heat

storage, CAES,

Biomass,

Interconnectors

Central gas storage,

Electrolysis,

Interconnectors,

pumped hydro/

Energy Island

Within an hour Within a day Weeks to months Year

10

DTU Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark 11 Intelligent Energy Systems

The future Energy System Fundamentals

• Market place

Understanding of market and customer behaviour.

• Power flow control Understand the power flow

and the congestion issues.

• Communication system

Data requirements and privacy issues.

• Consumer behaviour

Understand consumer

reaction and participation


Energy Market and consumer reactions

• Professional customers to react to hourly prices would improve market efficiency, reduce price volatility, and increase welfare.

• Private customers need additional incentives.

• Danish tax policy must be considered, if a dynamic consumer market is desired.

• Price structures are dependant on the penetration of the technologies in the customer base.


Structure of power markets

Weeks to years Day before Hours before Operation hour

Financial

markets:

- Hedging,

speculation

- Forward, futures,

options

Auctioning of

transmission

capacity

Fuel contracts

Procurement of

ancillary services

Day-ahead

power market:

-Hourly contracts for

physical power

delivery

- Flow on

transmission lines

Estimate need for

reserve power

Procurement

reserve power

Intra-day

market:

- Rescheduling

production and

power exchange

Regulating

power market

(real-time market):

-Activation minute

reserves

Automatic

regulation

(spinning reserves)


Power system modelling – different time scales

Investment model

Balmorel

Intra-hour model

Unit commitment and dispatch model

Wilmar

Optimal portfolios

Hourly UC and

dispatch Up and down

regulation

Optimisation period

Yearly

Day-ahead

1-2 hours


SYSLAB – Distributed Energy System Laboratory –a part of

10+10+7kW 11kW

13*1kW 48kW/60kVA

10kW/7,2kWh 15kW/120kWh

10kW

Peugeot iOn

3kW/16kWhh

Back

to

back

Con-

verter

New ressources

2011-12

Aircon turbine

http://www.powerlab.dk/


Cell Controller

Industry

Wind turbines

Local CHP units

Households

Households

Electric Vehicle

Power Exchange

Balance Responsible

Power Dealer

Electric Vehicle

Power Exchange

Balance Responsible

Power Dealer

Socio-

economi

c

and

investor

End

users

WP1 + WP2

WP3

WP4

WP6

WP5

16 Intelligent Energy Systems

20.03

.2012

Selected Research projects in Denmark from Cell Controller to EcoGrid and iPower

Cell Controller Pilot Project


20.03

.2012

EDISON project Electrical Vehicles in a smart Grid

Electrical Vehicles technology and infrastructure 8 Partners, (Universities, Small and Large Companies) Duration 3 years , 60 Mio DKK ~ 8 Mio. € ~ 11 Mio $ Risoe DTU / IES Experimental site and Charging concepts

First European

EV Project

• EV Communication

• Battery characteristics

• Charging Concepts

• Grid Impact

• VPP/Market place

• Demonstration


Intelligent Energy Systems 18

Electric Vehicles : The EDISON Project

Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark KBE-2010 19

EDISON Risø

Smart Grids aspect: Capacity for EV charging Case study in 0.4 kV cable with 48 private houses in NRGi-Net, Horsens

Max. Capacity in cable

3 EV’s charging at the same time with 16 A 3-Phase in the Peak Hour at dinner time 18:00 !!

65 EV’s might charge their daily consumption if distributed between 16:00 and 7:00

High value of Smart Grids for balancing the grid !

EV are typical not home

in day hours

Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Intelligent Energy Systems 20

Nordic Electric Vehicle

Interoperability Centre

I Business Partners

and Project Participants

Copenhagen Cleantech

Cluster

The Danish EV Alliance

DONG Energy

Better Place

ChoosEV

CleanCharge

Independent test centre for

EV infrastructure

Semi commercial service

for EV business


Control policy classification for buildings

• External behavior:

• Reaction to signals:

• Direct control

• Indirect control

• Local signals

• Participation in markets

• Internal operation

• Decision making mechanism

• Behavior pattern

• Reaction to loss of a signal

• Architecture


20.03

.2012

Source: Based on drawing from Danish Energy Association

iPower Intelligent power and Demand response

Largest Danish

Smart Grid Project

• Research & Development

• Products/Solutions

• Identification

• Communication

• Demand Control

• Integration

Socio-

economic

and

investor

End users

WP1 + WP2 WP3

WP4

WP6

WP5

Developed and Headed by DTU Elektro

32 Partners, (Universities, Small and Large Companies)

Duration 5 years, 120 Mio DKK ~ 16 Mio. € ~ 22 Mio $

Cross Disciplinary Research and Innovation platform


The iPower platform focuses on power system integration of large amounts of electricity from fluctuating renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic’s by activation of flexible consumer demand.

The iPower platform links research and demonstration to

actual product development by specifying methods,

technologies and requirements for smart grid products, and

enables the industry partners to become first movers in a new

and growing world market.

Objective


Socio-economic

and investor

End users

WP1 + WP2

WP3

WP4

WP6

WP5

Source: Based on drawing from Danish Energy Association

iPower coverage area


Smart Grid requirements in

identification,

communication

demand control

integration

with small industry and households.

The intelligent interaction with many decentralized

prosumers, requires tools and systems to handle

the near-to-real-time market place

congestions

demand priorities

And requires understanding of Consumer Behaviour

Focus areas


Partners and associates

32 Partners, 5 yrs , 120 Mio DKK ~ 16 Mio. € ~ 22 Mio $

Cross Disciplinary Research and Innovation platform


Energy for the future