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Presentation given by Don Brown at OSDC Sydney 2008
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An introduction to Struts 2 andRESTful applications
Don BrownAtlassian [email protected]
What’s wrong with my web application?
Modern web framework
Presentation and business logic separation
Code not tied to HTTP
Problem: Confusing URIs
GEThttp://localhost/spaces/addspacenotification.action?key=AJOBS
GEThttp://localhost/spaces/addspacenotification.action?key=AJOBS
GEThttp://localhost/spaces/addspacenotification.action?key=AJOBS
GEThttp://localhost/spaces/addspacenotification.action?key=AJOBS
Problem: Poor caching
HTTP traffic laws broken:
GET - Could be anything,including deletes andupdates
POST - Also could beanything, even regularpage views
PUT - Not used
DELETE - Not used
Problem: People can’t get at their data
REST is the Way of the Web
Not just for Web Services
http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/2217422218/
Solution: Humane URIs
GET
http://localhost/spaces/addspacenotification.action?key=AJOBS
POST
http://localhost/spaces/AJOBS/notifications
GET
http://localhost/spaces/AJOBS/notifications/3
PUT
http://localhost/spaces/AJOBS/notifications/3
DELETE
http://localhost/spaces/AJOBS/notifications/3
Solution: Scalable caching
Follow HTTP traffic laws:
GET - No side-effects, canrepeat
POST - Changes state,cannot repeat
PUT - Changes state, canrepeat
DELETE - Changes state,can repeat
Solution: One API for all
REST in action
Detour: Struts 2
Struts 2 History
Struts 2 plugins
Struts 2 Codebehind Plugin
http://example.com/myapp/public/profile.xhtml
Calls:
com.example.myapp.actions.public.ProfileAction
Forwards to:
/WEB-INF/jsp/public/profile.jsp
Struts 2 REST Plugin
edit()GET/orders/3/edit
editNew()GET/orders/new
destroy()DELETE/orders/3
update()PUT/orders/3
create()POST/orders
show()GET/orders/3
index()GET/orders
Action MethodHTTP MethodURI
A RESTful example: orders
. . . Let’s see some code!
REST in the real world
Not everything is a resource
Account:
• GET . . . Yep
• POST . . . Yep
• PUT . . . Yep
• DELETE . . . Yep
• Renew?
Account Renewal: resource or operation?
Renew as a ResourcePOST:
http://localhost/accounts/3/renewals
Renew as an OperationPOST
http://localhost/accounts/3/renew
REST is training friendly
RESTWS-*
V.S.
UDDI*
WS-Security*
JAXB
AXIS/CXF
SOAP
XML Schema
XML *WSDL
HTTPXML
Clients are and aren’t free
But not
REST: the silver bullet?
The takeaway: apply REST to your app
Questions?
http://struts.apache.org/2.x/docs/rest-plugin.html