An application of theos data for the encroachment of agriculture on forest reserve in the phu luang wildlife sanctuary loei province

LOGO

An Application of THEOS Data for the Encroachment of Agriculture on Forest Reserve in the Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, Loei Province

Rasamee Suwanwerakamtorn

Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Sp

ace Technology,

Northeast Thailand, Khon Kaen University

Background1.

2.

Description of the Study Area3.

Objective

4. Data sources

Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Khon Kaen University, Northeast Thailand

5. Methodology

6. Result and Discussions

Topics

Although the controlling and preventive measures

are enforced rigidly to minimize the encroachment

on forest reserves in Phu Luang wildlife sanctuary

(PWLS) which is one of a form of maintaining forest

area for wildlife habitat.

The forest area is still continuously encroached

upon due to a population around wildlife sanctuary

increase.

Background


To enhance the efficiency of the protection,

regeneration and utilization of forest resources, the

information about the change is still needed.

These include an inventory periodical monitoring

and the causes of changes.

With the advent of high resolution satellite data,

the updated and multi-temporal information to detect

the changes can be obtained.

Background


The purpose of this study is

to monitor the change for the

encroachment of agriculture on forest

reserve with the use of multi - temporal

satellite data.

Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand

Objective

The study area is Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary and two kilometers buffer zone.Its coverage area is about 1,313 square kilometers.It is located in latitude 17

o3’ to 17

o


Description of the Study Area

Description of the Study Area

The main forest are

evergreen and

deciduous forests.

The mean annual

rainfall of the area is

about 1,200 – 1,400

mm.


1. 3 Multi-temporal Landsat data

acquired in 1997, 2001, 2005 and

THEOS data acquired in 2010

which corresponded to the dry

season.

2.Topographic maps of the Royal

Thai Survey Department at the

scale 1:50,000 which were used for

geo-referencing and supplement

information.

3. Land use map in 1998 and 2005

from Regional Centre for Geo-

Informatic, Northeast Thailand


Data sources

LS_1997

LS_2005

LS_2001

TH_2010

Methodology

1. Pre-Processing

The three TM scene was

georeferenced using the

ground control points selected

from the topographic map and

a nearest neighbor

interpolation algorithm was

performed.

We used a color composite

image of the 2 scene which

three bands which are 4-5-3

(RGB). The result image allow

us to distinguish the areas with

different land use patterns.


LS_1997

LS_2005

LS_2001

TH_2010

Methodology

2. Visual interpretation

Landuse type is

classified based on

color, texture and

pattern of the imagery.


Landuse 2001 Landuse 2005

LS 1998

Landuse 2010Landuse 1998

LS 2001 LS 2005 TH 2010

Methodology

Field survey was

carried out for

increasing a map

accuracy.

3. Post Classification

MethodologyField survey



Methodology

Image Enhancement

Visual interpretation

Post Classification

Revised data

Land use 1997 from

LANDSAT TM

Assessment accuracy Land use 2005 from

LANDSAT TMLand use 2001 from

LANDSAT TM

The encroachment of agriculture

on forest reserve map

Field Survey


Land use 2010 from

THEOS

Methodology

4. Encroachment of Agriculture on Forest Reserve Analysis


Landuse 2001 Landuse 2005 Landuse 2010Landuse 1998

Result and Discussions

Landuse in PLWS and its buffer Landuse 2001

Landuse 2005

Landuse 1998

Landuse 2010


The result showed that the forest had depleted

gradually 15.28 square kilometers from 497.15

square kilometers in 1997 to 481.87 square

kilometers in 2010.

The agriculture have increased 27.93 square

kilometers from 301.93 square kilometers in 1997 to

323.01 square kilometers in 2010.

Landuse 2001 Landuse 2005 Landuse 2010Landuse 1998



Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 1998

LanduseArea of Landuse in

Wildlife Sanctuary

Area of Landuse out

Wildlife Sanctuary

Area of Landuse in

Wildlife Sanctuary

and its buffer

Area

(sq.km.)

Percent

age

Area

(sq.km.)

Percenta

ge

Area

(sq.km.)

Percent

age

Hill evergreen forest

247.56 27.60 3.88 0.96

251.44 19.35

Pine Forest 7.26 0.81 0.03 0.01 7.29 0.56Dry or semi-evergreen forest

186.90 20.84 1.50 0.37

188.40 14.50

Mixed deciduous forest 27.76 3.09 6.14 1.52 33.90 2.61Dry diptercarp forest 18.37 2.05 14.68 3.64 33.05 2.54Bamboo forest 11.48 1.28 2.36 0.59 13.84 1.06Forest plantation 61.73 6.88 12.31 3.06 74.04 5.70Grass land 12.87 1.43 0.09 0.02 12.96 1.00Rock out crop 2.21 0.25 0.01 0.00 2.22 0.17Agricultural land

318.20 35.48

354.62 88.05

672.82 51.77

Urban and


Landuse Area of Landuse in

Wildlife Sanctuary

Area of Landuse out

Wildlife Sanctuary

Area of Landuse in

Wildlife Sanctuary

and its buffer

Area

(sq.km.)

Percent

age

Area

(sq.km.)

Percenta

ge

Area

(sq.km.)

Percenta

ge


254.66

28.39 2.86 0.71

260.60

257.52

Pine Forest 6.65 0.74 0.00 0.00 6.65 6.65Dry or semi-evergreen forest

186.82

20.83 1.64 0.41

190.71

188.46

Mixed deciduous forest

28.13 3.14 5.87 1.46

34.41

34.00

Dry diptercarp forest

20.89 2.33

14.67 3.64

35.99

35.56

Bamboo forest

10.04 1.12 2.14 0.53

12.33

12.18

Forest plantation

72.34 8.07

11.51 2.86

84.85

83.85

Grass land 11.14 1.24 0.06 0.01

11.33

11.20

Rock out crop 2.21 0.25 0.01 0.00 2.25 2.22Agricultural land

301.93

33.66

357.23

88.70

667.04

659.16




Landuse

Area of Landuse

in

Wildlife Sanctuary

Area of Landuse

out

Wildlife Sanctuary

Area of Landuse in

Wildlife Sanctuary and its

buffer

Area

(sq.k)%

Area

(sq.k)%

Area

(sq.km.)%


243.91

27.19 4.63 1.15 248.54 19.12

Pine Forest 7.52 0.84 0.03 0.01 7.55 0.58

Dry or semi-evergreen forest

185.78

20.71 1.47 0.36 187.25 14.41


27.17 3.03 5.33 1.32 32.50 2.50


17.49 1.95 12.89 3.20 30.38 2.34

Bamboo forest

12.51 1.39 1.85 0.46 14.36 1.10

Forest plantation

53.81 6.00 11.05 2.74 64.86 4.99

Grass land 13.82 1.54 0.10 0.02 13.92 1.07

Rock out crop 2.22 0.25 0.01 0.00 2.23 0.17

Agricultural 329.


LanduseArea of Landuse in

Wildlife Sanctuary

Area of Landuse

out

Wildlife Sanctuary

Area of Landuse in

Wildlife Sanctuary

and its buffer

Area

(sq.km.)%

Area

(sq.km)%

Area

(sq.km)%


246.16

27.44 4.01

1.58

250.17

19.22

Pine Forest

7.220.80 0.04

0.03 7.26

0.56

Dry or semi-evergreen forest

186.12

20.75 1.74

0.88

187.86

14.43


27.79

3.10 5.68

1.44 33.47

2.57


17.65

1.97

13.37

3.27 31.02

2.38

Bamboo forest

11.80

1.31 2.46

0.62 14.26

1.09

Forest plantation

59.23

6.60 9.33

2.88 68.56

5.42

Grass land 13.14

1.46 0.10

0.06 13.24

1.02

Rock out crop

2.210.25 0.01

0.01 2.22

0.17


Table 3 Landuse in The PLWS. 1998 and 2001 and its changes

Landuse Landuse change in The PLWS Landuse change out The PLWS

Area (sq.km.) change Area (sq.km.) change

Area

(sq.km.)Percentage

Area

(sq.km.)Percentage

Hill evergreen forest 254.66 247.56 -7.1 -0.79 2.86 3.88 0.62 0.15Pine Forest 6.65 7.26 0.61 0.07 0.00 0.03 -0.01 -0.07Dry or semi-evergreen forest 186.82 186.90 0.08 0.01 1.64 1.50 -0.27 -0.07Mixed deciduous forest 28.13 27.76 -0.37 -0.04 5.87 6.14 -0.35 -0.09Dry diptercarp forest 20.89 18.37 -2.52 -0.28 14.67 14.68 -0.48 -0.12Bamboo forest 10.04 11.48 1.44 0.16 2.14 2.36 -0.61 -0.15Forest plantation 72.34 61.73 -10.61 -1.18 11.51 12.31 1.72 0.43Grass land 11.14 12.87 1.73 0.19 0.06 0.09 0.00 0.00Rock out crop 2.21 2.21 0 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00Agricultural land 301.93 318.20 16.27 1.81 357.23 354.62 -0.81 -0.20Urban and built up land 2.10 2.29 0.19 0.02 5.16 5.61 0.21 0.05Water body 0.14 0.33 0.19 0.02 1.57 1.51 -0.02 0.00

sum896.95

896.95 - - 402.75 402.75 - -





Area

(sq.km.)Percentage

Area

(sq.km.)Percentage

Hill evergreen forest 247.56 246.16 -1.40 -0.16 3.88 4.01 0.13 0.03

Pine Forest 7.26 7.22 -0.04 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.00

Dry or semi-evergreen forest 186.9 186.12 -0.78 -0.09 1.5 1.74 0.24 0.06

Mixed deciduous forest 27.76 27.79 0.03 0.00 6.14 5.68 -0.46 -0.11

Dry diptercarp forest 18.37 17.65 -0.72 -0.08 14.68 13.37 -1.31 -0.33

Bamboo forest 11.48 11.8 0.32 0.04 2.36 2.46 0.10 0.02

Forest plantation 61.73 59.23 -2.50 -0.28 12.31 9.33 -2.98 -0.74

Grass land 12.87 13.14 0.27 0.03 0.09 0.1 0.01 0.00

Rock out crop 2.21 2.21 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00

Agricultural land 318.2 322.92 4.72 0.53 354.62 358.73 4.11 1.02

Urban and






Area

(sq.km.)Percentage

Area

(sq.km.)Percentage

Hill evergreen

forest 247.56 246.16 -1.40 -0.16 3.88 4.01 0.13 0.03

Pine Forest 7.26 7.22 -0.04 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.00

Dry or semi-

evergreen forest186.9 186.12 -0.78 -0.09 1.5 1.74 0.24 0.06

Mixed deciduous

forest27.76 27.79 0.03 0.00 6.14 5.68 -0.46 -0.11

Dry diptercarp

forest18.37 17.65 -0.72 -0.08 14.68 13.37 -1.31 -0.33

Bamboo forest 11.48 11.8 0.32 0.04 2.36 2.46 0.10 0.02

Forest plantation 61.73 59.23 -2.50 -0.28 12.31 9.33 -2.98 -0.74

Grass land 12.87 13.14 0.27 0.03 0.09 0.1 0.01 0.00

Rock out crop 2.21 2.21 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00

Agricultural land 318.2 322.92 4.72 0.53 354.62 358.73 4.11 1.02

Urban and built

up land2.29 2.39 0.10 0.01 5.61 5.8 0.19 0.05

Water body 0.33 0.31 -0.02 0.00 1.51 1.48 -0.03 -0.01

sum896.95 896.95 - - 402.75 402.75 - -




Landuse change (1) in PLWS (2) its buffer

and (3) in PLWS and its buffer


(1) (2)

(3)The result showed that the forest

had depleted gradually 15.28

square kilometers from 497.15

square kilometers in 1997 to 481.87

square kilometers in 2010.

The agriculture have increased

27.93 square kilometers from

301.93 square kilometers in 1997 to

323.01 square kilometers in 2010.


1998 and 2001

1998 and 20012001-2005 2005 and 2010


The Encroachment of Agriculture on Forest map


THEOS 2010

LANDSAT 2005

LANDSAT 2001Forest plantation

decreasedField crop

increasedForest

plantation

Field crop increased

Dry or semi-evergreen

forest decreased

Dry or semi-evergreen

forest

1

2



THEOS 2010

LANDSAT 2005

LANDSAT 20013

4


Forest plantation decreased

Forest plantation



Forest plantation



THEOS 2010

LANDSAT 2005

LANDSAT 20015

6



Bamboo forest decreased

Bamboo forest


Forest decreased

Forest


THEOS 2010

LANDSAT 2005

LANDSAT 20017

8




Forest plantation

Paddy field

increased

Dry dipterocarp forest decreased

Dry

dipterocarp

forest

Thank you for your

attention