Akamai: From Theory to Practice

Akamai: From Theory to PracticeDr. Tom Leighton

CEO and Co-Founder, Akamai TechnologiesProfessor of Applied Mathematics, MIT (on leave)

©2013 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM

Agenda

Managing a state-of-the-art Web presence

Akamai’s role in the Internet

Our evolution from theory to practice

Three grand challenges


• Web servers• Local load balancers• Application servers• SSL and authentication servers• Video streaming infrastructure• Managing third party content• Compression & connection

management servers• IDS & IPS servers• DNSSec & IPv6 support• Mobile app infrastructure• Redundant data centers & failover

Managing a State of the Art Web Presence


End-Users

Internet

The Web: Simple on the Outside…


X

(Cloud) Datacenters

End-Users

12,000 networks connected by peering points

X

…but Problematic on the Inside

AT&T

Level 3

Cogent


(Cloud) Datacenters

X

X

End-Users

AkamaiServer

The Akamai Solution

AT&T

Level 3

Cogent


The Akamai Cloud Today

Accelerating Daily Traffic of:• 10+ terabits per second • 25+ million hits per second• 2+ trillion deliveries/day• 100+ petabytes/day• 10+ million concurrent streams

15–30+% of Web Traffic

Delivering 250,000+ Domains

• All top 60 eCommerce sites• All top 30 M&E companies • 9 of the top 10 banks• 13 of the top 15 largest auto manufacturers

• 141,000+ Servers• 1,200+ Networks• 650+ Cities• 90 Countries

A Global Platform:


Our Evolution From Theory to Practice

Fall 1997 – Spring 1998: $50K Competition

1995 – 1998: Academic Research at MIT

Fall 1998: Incorporation

February 1999: Victoria’s Secret Flash Crowd

1999 – 2001: Bubble ManiaAkamai IPO

2001 – 2003: The Bubble Burst

2004 Onward: Growing a Profitable Company

2010:$1B Milestone

2013+: Road to $5B: Innovation & Global Expansion

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 201220111996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2013+

Akamai Goes Live


Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized web experiences and manage complexity from peak demand, mobile devices and data collection.

THE INTERNET HAS COME A LONG WAY…

…BUT WE’RE REALLY JUST AT THE BEGINNING



EVERYONE AND EVERYTHING IS

GETTING CONNECTED



Buy Now!



The Internet of Things

The Internet of Everything

The Hyperconnected World



ENORMOUSEXPECTATIONS



The ultimatein video

quality overIP at scale

Instant Web performance

for any device, anywhere

The Web must be secure



The ultimatein video

quality overIP at scale

Instant Web performance

for any device, anywhere

The Web must be secure



GRAND CHALLENGE FOR PERFORMANCEInstant Web performance for any device, anywhere


The Performance Challenge

$$$

$

Tim

e to

Dow

nloa

d

UserExpectations

Heavier Content

3rd Party Content

Complex Experiences

Chatty Protocols

Mobile Congestion


Speed Matters: Conversion Rate vs. Load Time

Co

nve

rsio

n R

ate

(%

)

0-1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 10-11 11+

Population Conversion Rate (%)

Page Load Time (Sec)

Page Performance & Site Conversion – Feb 2012


Akamai Performance vs. Large Cloud Provider

APS – AKAMAI (ApP) – Total Time (seconds)

APS – LARGE CLOUD PROVIDER (ApP) – Total Time (seconds) 8x


But What About Mobile?

55% OF TIME SPENT ON AN

E-RETAILER’S SITE OCCURS ON A MOBILE DEVICE

1 in 4 visits to a

U.S. retail site today is from a smartphone

Source: IBM Digital Analytics Benchmark, November 2012 Source: Internet Retailer, October 2013


Challenge: Mobile Internet Access is SLOW because…

…the mobile network architecture was not designed for the Web


Keynote Commerce Index: Desktop vs. Mobile

Seconds to load

Seconds to load

TOP 30 DESKTOP COMMERCE SITES*

TOP 30 MOBILE COMMERCE SITES*

2 8WE HAVEN'T SEEN 8 SECONDS SINCE 2001!

* As of September 29, 2013, Keynote


Akamai Performance for Mobile

Akamai Aqua Ion Mobile

Origin

48% Average Performance Improvement on 3G



GRAND CHALLENGE FOR MEDIAThe ultimate in video quality over IP anytime, anywhere


Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the security perimeter outside the data-center and protect from increasing frequency, scale and sophistication of web attacks.

CO

MP

RE

SS

ED

BIT

RA

TE

(K

bp

s)

50,000

40,000

30,000

20,000

10,000

0

8K-UHDXEVC+?

50,000+ Kbps

Future21%CAGR

HD-1080p AVC/H.2647,500 Kbps

2011

IP TODAY

25%CAGR

HD-720pAVC/H.2643,500 Kbps

2007 75%CAGR

2013

4K-UHD HEVC/H.265

16,000-30,000 Kbps

48%CAGR

VGA/SDTVMPEG2-4

1,800 Kbps

2004

QVGAMPEG1

550 Kbps

2001

Quality Requires Bits



2.5B Primetime Viewersx 10 Mbps

~25,000 Tbps

Possible Future Demand for Traffic



The Scalability ChallengeCloud Data Centers

LET’S DO THE MATH:

100 Major NetworksX 5 Tbps

500 Tbps



The Scalability ChallengeCloud Data Centers

LET’S DO THE MATH:

100 Major NetworksX 5 Tbps

500 Tbps

500 Tbps

25,000 Tbps

2% of what

we need!

=



Akamai’s Strategy Today: Over 141,000 Servers Inside 1,200 Networks



Akamai’s Next-Gen Platform: Multicast, Pre-Positioned Content and Client-Assisted Delivery Akamai Software Moves into the Home



GRAND CHALLENGE FOR SECURITYThe Web must be secure



NO ONEIS SAFE




Typical Attack Size

3–10 Gbps

Attacks on Akamai Customers

Attacks are originating from all geographies and are

moving between geographies during the attack

Large Attack Size

100–200 Gbps

14

220

510

Nu

mb

er o

f A

ttac

ks2009 2010 2011 2012

800

600

400

200

0

768


Attacks are Varied and Sophisticated

• SQL Injection is the most common attack type followed by DoS attacks

• Attack tools such as LOIC, HOIC and SlowLoris evolve rapidly and are easily available

Predictable Resource Location 2%

Cross-Site Forgery 2%

Source: Trustwave, Web Hacking Incident DB – 2012 report

SQL Injection

27%

Denial of Service

23%

Unreported

37%Top WHID Attacks in

2011

Clickjacking 1%

Stolen Credentials 2%

Banking Trojan 3%

Brute Force 3%


State Sponsored

Traditional Hackers: Glory Hounds Political Hacktivism

Profit

Why?



Akamai Has a Solution – Kona Site Defender

(Cloud) Datacenters

End User

1

10

100

10000

Origin Traffic

1000

Akamai Traffic

1

10

100

10000

1000

✔

✔

✔

✔

✔

✔

✔

COVERED



GRAND CHALLENGES

Our goal at Akamai is to make the Internet fast, reliable, and secure.


Grow revenue opportunities with fast, personalized web experiences and manage complexity from peak demand, mobile devices and data collection.Thank You!

Technology

Akamai: From Theory to Practice