Advanced Mobile Location - European Electronic Communications Code & 112 event

Advanced Mobile Location (AML) for 112Saving lives through better location for mobile callers

© British Telecommunications plc

UK Emergency Service

BT Public

Network

Fixed/Mobile

Networks

BT 112 Call Centres

Stage 1 PSAP

BT (6 sites)

~ 28m calls/year

Public

networks (BT

and others)

Police 47%

Ambulance

49%

Fire 4%

Coastguard

<1%

999/112

(158 Local Controls – Stage 2

PSAPs)

999/112 call handling : Voice + Location - Voice : Mobile, Fixed, VoIP

- eSMS for hearing impaired ( also ITUv21 text over voice, real time text using special terminals)

- Telematics in certain vehicles that includes a voice call + separate SMS data message

~62%

Mobile>80

Communication

Providers (CPs)

PSTN-IP

Gateways

VoIP

CPs

Location Hub –

uses network and

handset location

Location

VPNSome handset

locations via

SMS – AML

Network Location –

GMLC for mobiles


3

Emergency Calls from Mobile Phones

• 62% of emergency calls in UK from mobile phones - about 45k calls/day

• Network Location Information based on mobile cell site coverage – caller could be located anywhere in what can be a large area (12km2)

• Calls from mobiles take ~30 seconds longer before despatch - but can take 3 minutes of extra questions for stressed/injured victims*

• About 36k incidents per year involve searches of 30+ minutes because a mobile caller is unable to give location

• 143,000 other cases/year of a caller being unable to speak clearly** and where Police are concerned to request a registered address if available. Currently only 60% where registered address available……………….and an average 12 minute delay to obtain.

* London Ambulance found (2014) that 4,000 calls / month take more than 3.5 mins before despatch

** Background screams, distressed, crying, alleged assaults, repeat callers


4

Advanced Mobile Location service (AML) – use the

handset’s own location

• No impact on standard emergency call (voice + network’s cell location info)

• Smartphone recognises an emergency call is being made : invisible to user

• Phone turns-on GNSS & WiFi facilities if needed and collects location information (for up to 20 seconds)**

• Zero-rated SMS containing location sent to PSAP (not visible on handset, no charge)

• Mobile network configuration to allow SMS when emergency call in progress

• Minimum battery level needed to allow enhanced service

• PSAP matches received location SMS to emergency (voice) call

• PSAP verifies handset GNSS/Wifi location is consistent with network’s cell location

• Handset location information made available to 112 call-takers of requested Emergency Service (Police, Fire, Ambulance, Coastguard)

• This is not an App : no end user installation needed, simply call 112 as normal

** Notes (i) where possible this will supplement the existing location information – does not replace it.(ii) maintains privacy : only triggered when emergency call made


KeyMobile

Networks

Aggregati

on

Provider

Stage 1

PSAP(BT or

contracted

supplier)

Stage 2

PSAP

Google

Location

Service

Ephemeris

provider

(eg

Qualcomm

)

Default

location used

when no AML

and to help

validate AML


AML Example SMS

AML=1;lt=+55.74297;lg=-4.26880;rd=10;top=20130717175329;lc=95;pm=G;si=234302543446355;ei=356708041746734;mcc=234;mnc=30;ml=127

Header & Version

Latitude Longitude Radius Time of Positioning

Level of Con-fidence

Positioning Method (GNSS)

IMSI Message Length

IMEI MNCMCC


Results - Rural

Network location – 2024m radius

Handset – 6m radius – GNSS


Results - City

Network Location – 195m radius Handset – 22m radius – GNSS


Results - Office

Network – 383m radius Handset – 34m radius – Wi-fi


Launched for live use - reaching more handsets and networks

• Live service since June 2014

• Initially HTC handsets on EE – all new models- OTA upgrades for many existing handsets

• HTC handsets also on O2 and Three networks too

• Sony supported on O2 from August 2015

• Alcatel supported on O2 from October 2015

• Samsung launched on O2 on 10 December 2015

• Rollout across all Android handsets June/July 2016


Weekly


Weekly


Recent weekly figures – Jan 2017

• Positions obtained from handset in live use (using AML) are :-

- 37% AGNSS/GNSS - 42% WiFi- 7% Cell- 13% with no location

• ~89% of AML positions accepted after comparison with network location

• Reject reasons are mainly related to area, overlap/gap and level of trust.


Voice call set-up

~5s

BT999

TTA

~1s

BT PSAP handling

~8sPolice TTA

~6s

Second Location

Hub search

Re-query after ~ 20 secs

User

makes

call

Call

answered

by Stage 1

PSAP

Police call handling

Time

(seconds)

Event

0 5 3010 15 20 25

Call

connect

initiated.

Call answered

by Stage 2

PSAP

First Location

Hub search.

Network Location

Data Arrives ~1 sec

after call answered

Actual Handset Location arrival times

3

7

Timeline to most effectively use the handset location


Examples from UK emergency services – AML provided critical and precise locations

• Stabbing victim unable to provide location verballyPerson who had been stabbed near a community centre in Neath but did not know their exact location : AML allowed location of the person immediately and …actually plotted the caller on a map to a distance of 18 feet (5m)

• Suicidal caller who would not provide a location”The caller states that she is going to throw herself in front of the next train that comes along and refuses to give her location. Call taker uses initiative and identifies a station near the AML location. Call taker uses this as the location, passing to despatchers in just over a minute + police are on scene in 7 minutes locating the caller”

• Caller with learning difficulties/mental limitations who could not provide location”Vulnerable male with severe learning difficulty who had been robbed… call taker tried numerous times and ways to get a location, nothing forthcoming…then used lat/long and found the victim…… Don’t know how he would have been found without lat/long “

• Caller being attacked in a London park : did not know which park

• Car crash with caller not knowing exactly where they were on London ring road

• Domestic violence incident where caller unable to pass location


Live results – from today

• Please respect confidentiality of information displayed


17

Summary for AML

• Significantly increased location precision from a handset’s GNSS and

WiFi functionality - less time to find person in need

• Fewer questions about location – reduced caller/call taker stress

• Faster response to citizens with life-threatening conditions

• Reduced costs to Emergency Services – less questioning + searching

• Not an App – sustainable, does not depend on end user, supplements

standard GSM voice call wherever possible

• Working better than expected……… still need network cell location for

cases where AML not possible and to eliminate any unreliable readings

• Minor changes for mobile networks : no new technical standards, quick to

implement

• Rolling out in other countries – Estonia, Lithuania, Austria and

Italy……others testing or planning as AML adapted to allow for different

PSAP + Location Delivery models

• ETSI TR 103 393 has captured AML functionality

• Will continue to improve as handset technology evolves


Any Questions

• John Medland – BT112/999 Policy Manager

[email protected]

Technology

Advanced Mobile Location - European Electronic Communications Code & 112 event