Adaptive Photonic Phase Locked Elements(APPLE)

By-

SOMYA

IT 3rd YEAR

1208213032

Index• Introduction• APPLE Initiation• Directed Energy Weapon (DEW)• Applications of DEW• Reason, why Raytheon made APPLE as a DEW?• Vision of APPLE• APPLE Architecture• Production of laser beam• Glance at future APPLE weapons• Advantages of APPLE• Disadvantages of APPLE

Introduction• APPLE is a weapon used in defence.

• APPLE is Raytheon DARPA development initiative.

• Raytheon is a major American Defence Contractor Company, whose core manufacturing concentrations is in military weapons.

Contd.• Defence Advance Research Project Agency (DARPA)-

established in 1972.• Originally known as Advanced Research Project

Agency(ARPA)- established in 1958.• It is an agency of United States Department of Defence

(DoD) responsible for development of emerging technologies for use in military.

• Besides military , DARPA is responsible for major development in field of computer networking.

Directed Energy Weapon(DEW)• APPLE is an approach for the development

of Directed Energy Weapon(DEW).

• DEW is a weapon that emits highly focused energy and transfer that energy to its target (object) with an intension of damaging it.

Directed Energy Weapon damaging the target.

Contd.• This highly focused energy come in various

forms like...

a) Electromagnetic radiations like microwave and laser.

b) In the form of sound.

Applications of DEW• In anti personnel weapon system- weapons used to

incapacitate person i.e., to make someone unable to behave normally.

• In potential missile defence system- a technology involved in detecting, tracking, intercepting(interrupting) and destructing the attacking missiles.

Images of Directed Energy Weapon

Reason, why Raytheon made APPLE as a Directed Energy Weapon(DEW)?

• APPLE is an approach to make a DEW because, directed energy offer promise as a transformational game changer....

as it has abilities to augment and improve operational capabilities in many areas.

Vision of APPLE • APPLE is a Directed Energy Weapon(DEW).

• APPLE use laser beam combining technique for achieving high power for damaging the opponent.

• In APPLE laser enabled weapon are combined with unmanned aerial vehicles.

Contd.• An unmanned aerial weapon (commonly known as

drone) developed by International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO)- is an aircraft piloted by remote control or onboard computer.

• APPLE program also enable equipments which combine high power laser engravers form low power modules for application like laser radar and laser target destination.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Images

APPLE Architecture

Architecture• Coherently combined wide angle all electronic beam

controller- produce an ordered and focused laser beam.

• Conformal aperture- project focused laser beam through the narrow opening.

• Modular array of sub apertures –group of narrow openings through which laser beam comes out.

Architecture• Electronic beam control- controls the intensity of

laser beam.

• High resolution adaptive optics- controls the resolution of beam

• Beam expanding telescope- expand the size of beam.

• Low resolution adaptive optic- control the position of laser beam

Production of Beam

Glance at Future APPLE Weapons

Advantages of APPLE• No need to compensate for movement of target as

laser beam travels with the speed of light.

• Laser is slightly affected only by gravity, so long range projection require little compensation.

• APPLE can change focusing configuration to provide an active area that can be much smaller or larger than projectile weaponry.

Contd.• Laser beams do not generate sound or light that

can be detected by human beings when emitted, so weapon would not betray it’s user position when fired.

Disadvantages of APPLE• Laser beams are harmful for surroundings, they

begin to cause plasma breakdown in the atmosphere.

• Beam absorption in snow, fog, dust etc make dissipation of energy into the atmosphere worse.

• Evaporated material from the target began to shade the beam.

ConclusionAPPLE when combine laser enabled weapon with unmanned aerial vehicles provide a novel approach for directed energy weapon control and a new technology in military.

Thank You !