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UML for Business Process Modelling (Activity Diagram)
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UML Lecture Series
UML SIG
UML for Business Modeling (Activity Diagram)
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 2 (of 30)
Session Objectives
1. Explain the role of UML in modelling.2. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
business modeling. 3. Apply basic and advanced elements of activity
diagram notations. 4. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
systems modeling.5. Awareness of typical mistakes made by students.
At the end of this session, YOU should be able to:
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 3 (of 30)
Keywords
Business modellingActivity stateTransitionTriggerless transitionSynchronisation barStart stateStop/End stateBranchGuardForkJoinConcurrent threadAlternative threadConditional threadSystem modelling
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 4 (of 30)
Session Objectives
1. Explain the role of UML in modelling.2. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
business modeling. 3. Apply basic and advanced elements of activity
diagram notations. 4. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
systems modeling.5. Awareness of typical mistakes made by students.
At the end of this session, YOU should be able to:
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 5 (of 30)
Why Model?
Captures Processes
Enhances Communication
Manages Complexity
Defines Architecture
Enables Reuse
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 6 (of 30)
Introduction to UML
UML is a language for visualising, specifying, constructing and documenting the artifacts of a software intensive system.
Open Specification by OMG (Object Management Group).
Current standard is UML 2.0. However, most students use UML 1.4 which is sufficient for most academic projects.
UML is an analysis and design technique. It has to be used together with a process in a development environment.
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 7 (of 30)
Overview of UML Diagrams
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 8 (of 30)
Thoughts to Ponder …
If you reuse code,You'll save a load,
But if you reuse design,Your future will shine.
Ralph E. Johnson.
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 9 (of 30)
… What is design? ... It’s where you stand with a foot in two worlds—the world of technology and the world of people and human purposes—and you try to bring
the two together.
Terry Winograd, “Bringing Design to Software”, Addison Wesley, Stanford University and Interval Research Corporation, With John Bennett, Laura De
Young, and Bradley Hartfield, ISBN: 0-201-85491-0. 310
Thoughts to Ponder …
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 10 (of 30)
Session Objectives
1. Explain the role of UML in modelling.2. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
business modeling. 3. Apply basic and advanced elements of activity
diagram notations. 4. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
systems modeling.5. Awareness of typical mistakes made by students.
At the end of this session, YOU should be able to:
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 11 (of 30)
Business Modelling
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 12 (of 30)
Activity Diagram
In its basic form, an activity diagram is a simple and intuitive illustration of what happens in a workflow, what activities can be done in parallel, and whether there are alternative paths through the workflow.
Historically, activity diagrams have mostly been used in the business process modeling domain but are also useful in system modelling.
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 13 (of 30)
Business Modelling
This example is a proposal
process, taken from an
organization that sells telecom network
solutions.
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 14 (of 30)
Session Objectives
1. Explain the role of UML in modelling.2. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
business modeling. 3. Apply basic and advanced elements of activity
diagram notations. 4. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
systems modeling.5. Awareness of typical mistakes made by students.
At the end of this session, YOU should be able to:
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 15 (of 30)
Basic Notations
Start State
Activity State
Decision (branch)
Synchronisation bar
Stop/End State
Concurrent thread
Alternative thread
Transition
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 16 (of 30)
Activity Diagram - Notations
1. Activity states, represent the performance of a step within the workflow.
2. Transition show what activity state follows after another.
3. Decisions (branch) for which a set of guard conditions are defined. These are conditions that must be met to trigger the transition.
4. Synchronization bars, which you can use to show parallel subflows. Synchronization bars allow you to show concurrent threads - fork or join.
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 17 (of 30)
Advanced Notations
Guard conditions can
be used to show that one of a set of concurrent
threads is conditional.
Conditional Threads
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 18 (of 30)
Advanced Notations
An activity state may reference another activity diagram, which shows the internal structure of the activity state by having a nested activity graphs. You can either show the sub-graph inside of the activity state or let the activity state refer to
another diagram
Nested Activity Diagrams
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 19 (of 30)
Advanced Notations Nested Activity Diagrams
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 20 (of 30)
Advanced Notations
The contents of an activity diagram may be organized into partitions (swimlanes) using solid
vertical lines. A partition does not have a formal semantic interpretation, but is, in business modeling, often used to represent an organizational unit
of some kind
Partitions
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 21 (of 30)
Session Objectives
1. Explain the role of UML in modelling.2. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
business modeling. 3. Apply basic and advanced elements of activity
diagram notations. 4. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
systems modeling.5. Awareness of typical mistakes made by students.
At the end of this session, YOU should be able to:
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 22 (of 30)
Systems Modelling
Just as you would use an activity diagram to show the structure of a workflow, you could also use it to show the structure of a flow of events of a system use case
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 23 (of 30)
System Modelling
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 24 (of 30)
Session Objectives
1. Explain the role of UML in modelling.2. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
business modeling. 3. Apply basic and advanced elements of activity
diagram notations. 4. Demonstrate the use of activity diagrams in
systems modeling.5. Awareness of typical mistakes made by students.
At the end of this session, YOU should be able to:
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 25 (of 30)
Common Mistake Made by Students
1. Business Modelling (activity diagram) which appears like system modelling.
2. Students tend to be overly software centric paying little emphasis on the underlying problem statement which has to be mapped first (business modelling).
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 26 (of 30)
True/False
1. Business modelling is typically done before system modelling.
2. Alternative thread must go along with a branch.3. A branch can have at most THREE (3) alternative
threads4. Fork: One incoming transition and two or more
outgoing transition.5. Branch: Two or more incoming transition and one
outgoing transition.6. Synchronisation bar allow sequential threads.7. Conditional threads are also called triggered transitions
and must be shown with a guard condition. 8. Transitions without guard conditions are called
triggerless transitions.
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 27 (of 30)
Summary
1. Role of UML in systems modelling.2. Basic elements of activity diagrams are activity states,
transitions, decisions, and synchronization bars. 3. Activity diagrams can be used to show concurrent
threads, and alternative threads, as well as conditional threads in a workflow.
4. Activity diagrams can be used to illustrate the workflow of business processes - called business modelling.
5. Activity diagrams can be used to illustrate the flow of events of a use case – for systems modelling.
6. Awareness of typical mistakes by students.
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 28 (of 30)
Reference
Ericsson M. 2004, “Activity Diagram: What They Are and How To Use Them” Level: Advanced, The Rational
Edge, IBM
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 29 (of 30)
Lab Session
Draw the adjacent
diagram in Visual Paradigm
UML SIG – UML Lecture Series UML for Business Process Modeling – Activity Diagram
UML SIG
Slide 30 (of 30)
Q & A
Question and Answer Session
Slide 30 (of 30)