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Accessibility and Usability of
Website
DEPARTMENT OF CHIEF MINISTER
Accessibility and
Usability and its
Methods
211,945 people living in Northern Territory Australia
“ ”― ABS 2013
51.7 % are male
48.3 % are female
21.9% are people
who’s age is 50 and above
Majority of people are with
disabilities that has unpaid assistance.
ACCESSIBILITYis very important for government website
Therefore,
Is your website
accessible?
“ Accessibility allows people with disabilities access the web and website should be compatible to
different browsers and work on different devices ”― Hudson 2011
“Websites are designed for different users and flexible enough to meet user’s needs,
with or without disabilities.”― Henry 2006
Australian Legal Requirements
for Accessibility
“ People with disabilities will receive the same rights to
access information and services ”― Disability Discrimination Act 1992
Required to submit to
― Australian Government Web Guide
Reports and updates“
OOC and SIGB in compliance to WCAG 2.0
guidelines ”
Access to information, communications and services,
including internet, is a human right.“ ”
― Australian Government Web Guide
Accessibility Guidelines
WAI AccessibilityGuidelines and Techniques
• Authoring Tool
Accessibility Guidelines
(ATAG)
• User Agent Accessibility
Guidelines (UAAG)
• Web Content Accessibility
Guidelines (WCAG)
― Henry 2006
Four Principles of WCAG 2.0
• Perceivable
• Operable
• Understandable
• Robust
Evaluation Methods and Tools
Manual EvaluationExperts examine each pages of the
website and gives feedback(Hassanzadeh and Navidi 2010)
Automatic EvaluationHas tools that scan and evaluate each pages that corresponds to W3C Guidelines or DDA
(Hassanzadeh and Navidi 2012)
User ExperienceExperts will provide the users a series of tasks to perform
and once the user operated the website, difficulties or confusion starts to appear.
(Hassanzadeh and Navidi 2012)
Discount Accessibility MethodIt is a combination of automatic and manual method.
(Hassanzadeh and Navidi 2012)
Fully Integrated Accessibility MethodCombination of all methods that involves experts
Usability
How users use web
― Steve Krug 2006
We don’t read pages.
We scan them.
We don’t make optimal choices.
We satisfice.
We DONT figureout how things work.
We muddle through.
International Usability Standards
Promotes best practice, independent, encourages consistency and it means business.”
“
― Travis 2008
Dimensions of Usability
• Efficiency
• Effectiveness• Satisfaction
― Preece, Rogers, Sharp 2012
Krug’s Law of Usability
Don’t Make Me Think”“―Steve Krug
2000
It doesn’t matter how many times I have to click
”
“
―Steve Krug 2000
as long as each click is mindless, unambiguous choice
Omit Needless Words
”“―Steve Krug
2000
Evaluation
Analytical Evaluationusually performed by experts and
no users involved―Te’eni, Carey &
Zang 2007
Analytical Evaluation Techniques• Heuristic
Evaluation• Guideline Review
• Cognitive Walk-Through• Pluralistic Walk-Through• User mode-based Analysis
• Framework based Inspection
―Te’eni, Carey & Zang 2007
Empirical Evaluation
Involves users and gathering information on how users interact
to the computer or system
―Te’eni, Carey & Zang 2007
Empirical Evaluation Techniques• Survey or Questionnaire• Interview
• Lab-Controlled Experiment
• Field Studies
―Te’eni, Carey & Zang 2007
Assessing the Department of Chief Minister Website
Recollect & Reflect
Need Finding Resources Participants
Pilot Testing
User Testing