Abap in 3 hours

7/2/2014 ABAP in 3 hours

http://igrowabap.blogspot.in/ 1/32

13th April 2012

Book1

SQL

1.SELECT-4 types(Single table,Joins,for all entries,Single/upto 1)

2.Select using joins-multiple tables, 2 types 1. inner join- matching records,common

records 2. outer join- all records from left,matching rec.s from right,blank syn:

~,into,from,as,join,as,on,where,EX ,types,data,select,loop

3.Select for all entries-to avoid inner joins,more then 2 tables,heavy load on

database,syn,ex

4.prerequisite for all entries-base table or first internal table initial or not,unless will

fetch all the records

5.Select single/upto 1 rows -for field validation at report level ,to read single

record,exact,appropriate record,all key fields ,syntax

6.Ex on select Single.,ex on select upto 1 row,NOTE

REPORTS 5 to

7.Report-Executable program,reads data from datbase table,displays in welldefined

format 2 types 1.classical 2.interactive

8.Classical-Entire information on single screen , Interactive - more then one output

screen

9.Main functions or stages of reports - 3 i/p screen(selection screen),business logic

statements(internal tables),out put screen(list screen)

10.SELECTION SCREEN: i/p screen,selection screen commands,PARAMETERS-

Single input field,SELECT-OPTIONS-range for an field,formatting statements-for

better look & feel decorate/format selection screen

11.Parameters: checkboxes,radio buttons,syntax ex: obligatory-mandatory field

Displaying check box on selection screen syn: 'X' - stored parameter variable,code

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syn,ex,displaying radio buttons on selection screen (syntax,ex),form of group

12.SELECT-OPIONS : range i.e value to value for input field.

SIGN,OPTION,LOW,HIGH Multiple single values & Ranges stmt or extension or

multiple select box . syn ex with select

13.SELECT-OPTION itable-SIGN ('I' or 'E' inclusive,exclusive) option-stores option

like BT,NB,LT,LE,GT,GE,NB. low-stores low value HIGH,No Extension-Hight

Extension Box No-Interval - only from value is displayed,ex on select for all entries

14.Variant- object to store selection screen field values for future references.test

cases,test,test2, [][][]- get variant ,shift + f5, ex.

15.selection screen text-to avoid technical names display goto->text elements-

>selection text-> our own text or copy from ddic

16.selection screen commands to format selection screen 1. uline-horizontal line

2.skip-blank line .block- (group of selection screens) 2 syntaxes , ex 4. begin of

line,NOTE,syn 5.comment (custom label for selection field) syntax ex.

17.Modularization-technique,dividing main program into sub programs,better

redability & reusability, 5 techniques ,(includes,function modules,sub

routines,macros,class methods)

18.include programs-set of reusable statements,cant be executed

independently,type I programs,no parameter interface,SAPMV45A(Sales Order),ex

19.Function Modules-repository object,contains parameter interface,Global

Modularization,remote enabled,contains exceptions.

20.Function Group-Container of Function Modules

21.Function Module parameter Interface-

Import,Export,Changing,tables,Exceptions,Source Code.

22.Steps to create a function group- (SE37 or SE80),steps

23.Steps to create a function module : SE37 (i) using tables in function modules ex

(ii) update function modules without any irregularities , ex (iii) using table types as

function modules

24.Steps to create a table type (se11,data type,select table type line type as

database table)

25.subroutine - local modularization, syntax :- (defintion,implementation) perform

form....endform. parameter interface of sub routines

using(importing),changing(exporting),tables(internal tables for importing &

exporting)

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26.Types of passing values - 3 pass by value,pass by reference,pass by value &

return

pass by value-actual and formal parameters refer to diff. memory location,pass by

reference-actual and formal parameters refer to same memory location (get

effected) & daigram,pass by value with return-changes are transmitted only after

subroutine is executed, ex, real time ex

27.messages - messages are stored in message class,SE91,message-ID,keyword

(3 digit keyword),Types of messages-

error,success,warning,information,abort(f,s,w,i,a) substitutional parameters (max-4)

, synax for message

28.Steps to create a message class,using message class in a report

29.Events in ABAP-event driven programming,c,java,structured programming,not lin

by line execution

30.list of events 11.

1.load of program-loads program into the memory for execution

2.Initialization- to initialize default values to variables & Selection screen variable

triggered before Selection screen is displayed.

3.At Selection Screen out put-to modify selection screen dynamically based on user

actions

4.At Selection Screen on field- to validate a single field on selection screen

5.At Selection Screen on value request-to display search help values,search help

button

6.At Selection Screen on help request-to display help information for a field under

one block

7.At Selection Screen - to validate multiple selection screen fields,to combine all

above events

8.start of selection-to fetch data from data base,select statements,default event

9. end of selection-to recognize all select statements feteched data from data

base,no imp,logical DB,HR-ABAP

10.top of page-constant heading for all pages,triggered after first write statements

or output statements like SKIp,sy-uline

11.End of Page-Constant footer information for all pages,need to set line-count to

display end of page.

31.Difference b/w include,fun module,sub routine- FM-Can be exe,PI,Remote

enabled include-cant be executed,No PI,No Remote Sub Rou-Cant be

executed,PI,No remote

32.ABAP/4 events 1.Classical events 2.Interactive Events 3.Control break

Statements 4.

33.Ex on At Selection Screen output,properties of screen (input-0,1



disbaled,enabled) group1-modifcation ID of SS Field Active property (0,1

invisible,visible)

34.Modification ID-to a field or group of selection screen fields to modify there

properties dynamically.

35.user command-to identify that some action is raised on selection screen,At

Selection Screen output is triggered based on user command,ex,some se39 check it

36.Creating tcodes for reports (SE93) ,program name,scrren number (by default

1000),select all acheck boxes

37.Releasing Transport Request Number,SE09 select check box modfiable->click

display->TR No and expand it. Parent TR -> Child TR(task)->Program->2 selection

screen ouput->,release child,truck symbol(tick mark will come)_.then release

parent,release from user name,send mail to basis, quality mail-outlook,lotus

38.Control break statement-to break the control with in loop...endloop At first end

at:- executed when loop executes 1st record of internal table or first iteration i.e sy

index = 1,to display head lines At last...End At-Same as Above but last sy index =

100 or 1000 to caliculate grand totals at new <field name>..end at- executed when

new value on particular field,to display sub headings At end of <field name>..endat-

executed when ever new value ends on a particular field,caliculate sub totals. on

change of field name-obsolete in ecc6.0,same as at new sum:- to caliculate

totals,suntotals,currency,quantity fields within loop endloop.

39.issue with control break statements-moves the data from original wa to

temporary wa for caliculations

40.interactive reports-basic info on first/basic list,detailed info on secondary list list

no = 0(basic list) secondary list(list no= 1,2,....20),sy-lsind-list no is stored in list

index

41.Interactive reports events- 1.At line selection- user double clicks on any list line

2.at user command-user clicks on gui buttons 3.AT pf-user hits the function key 4-

top of page during line selection-constant heading for all the secondary list,top of

page-only for basic list,prg.,user interaction daigram

42.Finding the selected line contents- 3 techniques (double click event) 1.SY-LISEL

2.Hide 3.Get Cursor

43.off set functionality-to read single/group charcters from a source variable to

target variable. syn:- t.v = s.v + starting position (width), ex

44.Buisness requirement: develop a material master report.

45.Control Break Statements ex:



46.Interactive reports using Hide Statement:- hide-keyword,stores a variable of work

area into a temporary memory (hide area) funcionality:-A copy of output is stored in

hide area ex: code . After double click of selected line system checks in hide

area,again stored back into hide variables,using this hide variables we generate

interactive reports two ex programs

47.Hide area with more then one secondary list

48.Get Cursor:- to read field name & field value of which double click event is

triggered(for secondary list),syntax,ex

49.Get Cursor, hide 2 reports examples

50.menu painter(custom GUI)-SE41,At User Command Triggers,SET PF Status is

assigned to custom GUI to program,to create our own GUI with custom

buttons,menus,menu bar,Application tool bar,Function keys

51.Steps to Create CUSTOM GUI,prg (doubt)

52.Using Standard Tool Bar-are automatically disabled.need to give function code

to enable them(for each button).

53.Using Application Tool Bar-Can Create Maximum of 35 custom buttons

54.ALV-Abap List Viewer-to display data in ALV Format,better look and feel,n no of

predefined options,sort asc,desc order,set filters,totals,sub totals,change layout

structure,download data info files,print priview,mail recipent etc.

55.Function Module's for developing ALV Reports

1.REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

2.REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY

3.REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOGUE_MERGE(to generate field catlogue

automatically)

4.REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET

5.REUSE_ALV_HIERSQ_LIST_DISPLAY

6.REUSE_ALV_BLOCKED_LIST_DISPLAY

7.REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE (to display top of page,logo,end-of-list)

56.List of ALV's to be discussed

57.Ex on ALV with strucutre steps v.imp reuse_alv_grid_display

58.ALV_WITH_FIELD_CATLOGUE,Properties,COL_POS,fieldname,table

name,SEL_TEXT_S,_M,_L,Column Heading text,DO_SUM = 'X'-GRAND TOTALS , '

'-not caliculated,SUB TOTAL = 'X',EDIT='X'-weather field can be editable or

not,EMPHASIZE-apply colors to highlight the field,syn EMPHASIZE = CXYZ wher c =

color,x = color no,y - bold (1-background color,0-no background color) ,inverse (1-



font color 0-no font color),emphasize c610,reference table name,reference field

name key-specifies weather the field is key field or not(blue in color,fixed

position,non scrollable),col pos,field name or main,remianing options

59.Type Group-dictionary object,contains all the reusable user defined types ex:-

SLIS (for ALV Reports)

60.Type-Pools: Keyword/Statements-assigns type group to ALV Report

61.Ex. on ALV with field catlogue,REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

62.ALV with layout-to decorate ouput of ALV Reports,contains properties,ZEBRA =

'X' - output will be displayed,col-width-optimize - 'X' -maximum length column to

display entire data,edit = 'X' - editable mode , no-vline = 'X' - no vertical lines , no-

Hline = 'x' - no horizontal lines is display , no-out = 'X'.

63.Syntax to declare WA for layout ex:

64.ALV_FIELDCATLOGUE_MERGE (Can be created manually,by system

automatically),obselete,fields in internal table must be declared using like not types

statements,ex

65.ALV's with totals- 2 ways 1. 'E' - Symbol 2.do-sum = 'X' for Currency/Quantity

field (ctrl+f6)

66.ALV with sub totals,on what basis,sort field in ascending order,set property sub

total,WA-SORT-UP = 'X' (up means ascending) wa-sort-fieldname = 'VBELN' ,

wa_sort_subtot ='X'.

67.Events - 17 events (ALV

Reporting),REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET,TOP_OF_PAGE,END_OF_LIST,AT

USER_COMMAND,SET PF_STATUS

68.Top Of Page events

69.Ex on ALV with Field Catalogue

70.All with end of List event.

71.LOGO in ALV Report - OAER (tcode)-Class name(pictures)->Class types(OT-

other objects)->Object key(ziname-any name). OAER->parameters->create tab-

>expand standard document types folder-.double click on screen->select

image(from presentation sever to d. sever) , under reuse_alv_commentary_write,set

i_logo with logo name

72.Interactive ALV's- user command-when user double clicks on basic ALV output

list. SY-UCOM-stores function code (FCT code) of the double click action. cell field-

slis cell field contains content of selected line cell field-tab index - gives line number



(contains selected row number) cell field-field name- gives name of field cell field-

value gives value of where double click action is triggered

73.SAP Memory & ABAP memory- SAP memory-Global memory,used by external

sessions,fig SET,GET statements to set or get value from global

memory,syntax,se38,mm03,va03(session1,session2,session3)

74.How do you find out parameter ID- Go to Any transaction (MM03,XD03)->f1 on

any field->technical information (icon) -> display program name,screen

number,table name,field name,data element name,parameter ID,ex program on SET

parameter.

75.ABAP/4 memory-abap programs,with in same internal session.can access export

& import statements (figure very good)

76.submit-to call another abap program from current program

77.submit and return-to call another abap program from current program and return

will be automatic

78.export and import-stmt/keyword,to export & import the values b/w different abap

programs via ABAP memory,syntax,ex

79.Interactive ALV's to call standard transactions

80.Hierarchial ALV's-to display basic & secondary info on basic list in the form of

hierarchy ex: REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY

81.Blocked ALV-Display information on Single Screen in the form of blocks.,

REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_INIT,REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND,RESUE_ALV

_BLOCK_LIST_DISPLAY

82.Runtime analysis-SE30,(load on database server<40%) , 3 colors,red-need to

optimize,green-good,yellow-warning,efficiency check interms of DB

Server,Application Server,Presentation Server,graph modes, ex program-

select,update,delete,insert,modify

83.Performance tuning-displays time taken for each SQL Statements ST05 (click on

active trace,execute program in another session,click on deactivate trace,click on

display trace,,displays time taken for select statements,identify any statement with

red color)

84.Best Programming Standards-

1.Always use types for ITab,WA

2.Never use select *

3.into corresponding fields

4.Always use keyfield in where



5.create secondary index for no key fields

6. joins for one,two tables

7.for all entries for more then two tables(check itab initial)

8.binary search to read a record(sort internal table before)

9.never use nested loops

10.select statement inside loop

11.Always use single * by providing key fields

SAP Scripts-SAP tool,to generate printable business legal documents (invoice,sales

order,purchase order,delivary note),ADV version-Smart Forms,Client

Dependent(100,120),intenally stored as texts,text processing tools ,SE71

85.Components of SAP Scripts-Header,Pages,Windows,PageWindows,Paragraph

Format,Character Format,Layout. Header-header info (2 sub options) Adminstrative

data-Program Name,Client No,user name Basic Settings-Page

Format(A4,A3),Orientation(Portriat,Landscape Format),Font Family,Default

Paragraph

86.Pages-SAP Script is a group of pages.each page contains layout(designs

pages). Page-group of windows(99 pages max) ,each page must have next page

unless same page windows-some information to be displayed on script . 4 types

1.main 2.contant 3.varibale 4.Graphical

87.Page Windows-Windows assigned to particular page.

88.Paragraph formats- we can define font size & font family,for all the characters of

a paragraph

89.Tabs- to specify a position in SAP Script with position statement,similar to

write,tabs are represented by ''

90.Character Format-format for single or group of charcters

91.layout- a place where we design the page with windows.

92.difference between paragraph format(we can define tabs in it) & character

format(we can't define tabs in it)

93.Types of windows

1.main window-A window which expands automatically depending up on the data (99

max) each page-1 main window 99 pages-99 windows.information is divide into

blocks called text elements

94.text element-to display specific block of information..represented by /E. /E

Header, /E Footer , /E body

95.Constant Window (obselete)-which is constant for all pages.



96.varaible window (which doesnot expandable i.e height,width fixed)

97.Graphical Window:- to display graphics or images

Note: Main window displays line item information.

Function modules in SAP Script:- 1. open_form 2.Close_form 3.write_form

4.Start_form 5.end_form.

1. open a form for execution by loading in memory

2.close form-close the form opened by open form

3.write some information on SAP script form

4.to call another SAP script in the current SAP Script(nested forms)

5.end the form started by start form

98.Execution of SAP Scripts:- 1 figure

99.Driver program:- A prgoram which is used to print SAP script.business logic

statements like loops,appends etc.All variables,wa's,itab's declared in driver

program will be automatically transported to SAP Scripts,to display them Syntax :

&variable& ex:-

100.Symbol in SAP script- 4 1.text(defined as text)2.program(driver program)

3.Standard (in table TTDTG) 4.System (by System SYST)

101.Standard Symbols(SM30) - A symbol reusable by multiple SAP Scripts.SM30-

>give table Name->maintain button->new entries & create symbol->use the symbol

in SAP script

102.Standard text(SO10)-resuable by multiple scripts,footer information,terms and

conditions are maintained.

SO10->give name(footer)->goto ->change editor->write text->terms & condtions-

>save->back->print priview

103.inserting standard text into SAP scripts->create name by footer->double click

on window->click on insert->text->standard->pop-up is displayed -> Text Name:

footer test id:st language:en,enter

104.Control Commands-To change the out put format of a SAP Script

1.define : to define variable in SS editor. ex:- define &v_name& = 'srinu'

2.address...end address ex: - /: address number &v_addr& /: end address adrc

table,adrnr field name,addr no-address of customer vendor employee

3.TOP...END TOP to display constant page heading (top of page)in main window

accross all pages /: top * this is page heading /: end top

4.bottom...end bottom-constant footer /: bottom this is footer /: end bottom

5.protect..end protect -displays into without any page break. ex: /:protect this is line

1,2,3 /:end portect (displays either in first page or with out any page brak in second

page)

6.new-page :- to start a new page to display some information



ex: * this is not /: new page * this is invoice-> This line is printed in a new page.

7. if...endif: conditional statement. /: if &v_name= 'srinu' & /:endif

8.case ...endcase- checking multiple conditions

105.Configuration of SAP Script driver program : NACE Transaction,(Functional

Consultant)-SADFM06P-driver program for Standard SAP Script,MEDRUCK-

Satandard S.S

106. Modifying Standard Script Converting original language of SAP Script

107.Modifying SAP Script with out changing Driver program.Use external sub

routines , Syntax.

108.debugging-SAPSCRIPT-SE71->form name zposcript->utilities->active

debugger->executed driver program->automatically starts SAPScript editor

Note:- "E" - which line is being executed . "V" - which part of statement being

executed. SMART FORMS-Smae transaction.GUI Tool,designs business legal

documents,client Independent.

109.Difference between SAP Script & Smart Form-SAP Script-Client

Dependent,Main Window Compulsory,No functional module generated,only black &

white texts,repeated transfer of control,Single Page Format is possible,Smart Form-

Client Independent

110.Why Smart Form is Client Dependent? Fn.Module is Client Independent so

Smart Form is Client Independent (Environment->function module->BCDCUB)

111.SAP SmartForm-Function Module-name- A function module to find

outdynamically generated function module,give Smart Form name as Exporting

parameter->returns name of the function module (to avoid function module name

change when moving Smartform from One server to another server) with in system

landscape we use SAP Smart Form-Function Module name) RS8L-FN for type ->

function module

112.Smart Style-reusable objects to create paragraph and character formats

113.Components of SmartForms- 2 Global Settings Pages & Windows Gobal

Seetings->baic settings like package name ,created date,language transalation, 3

sub options 1)form attributes 2)form interface 3)Global defintions 1) Form

attributes- attributes of form smart form like package name,smart style,page format

etc. 2) form interface - interface/mediator between driver program to smart form ,it

will import & export the variables ,WA's,internal table's from driver program to smart

form ) Global defintions-(we maintain) which are used with in smart form (like

variables,wa's,,itable's,user defined type,sub routines,currency quantity

field,initialization (code) .PAGE WINDOWS-to maintain pages & windows used in

smart form it has options 1) page 2) window 3) Graphics 4) address text-to display a

text (or) some info.



114.Tables-creates a table 1.Header,body,footer executed automatically 2.table

expands automatically depending on data,need to specify no. of columns under

header -

115.Template- Same as table,fixed size,does not expand

116.Folder-Used to group Similar texts,windows,graphics into single block

117.Program Lines-A Place to write ABAP Code.

118.Alternative- Same as if...else..endif.(to execute true/false condition)

118.Command-used to trigger event

119.Types of Windows in Smart Forms- 4

1.Main-Auto Expandable window

2.secondary-fixed size,does not expand(variable window in scripts)

3.copies-special type of window to generate different copies when we print

(customer,vendor,bank)

4.final-executable at last i.e after the entire smartform execution is finished (grand

totals on first page)

120.line type-option in table to specify no.of columns in a line.

Book2

121.ERP,ERP Software,ex,Companies Using SAP,SAP,ABAP

122.SAP Modules -SD,mm,fi,hr,crm,PM,wm,SCM

123.SAP Consultant,Roles & responsibilties,Unit Testing-5 tests cases

124.Functional testing UAT & CAT User Acceptence And Customer Acceptence

125.Basis Consultant,Architectures - 3 types Disadvantage of 2 tier

126.3 tier Architecture(Dev,Qua,Prd) Figure Good One,System Landscape

127.Developement Server,What is Server,Production server(live or actual business

data)

128.Login to SAP-Types of SAP Software(Development(110,120,130),IDES)

129.Transaction Code- SE - 'S' -Session,'E'-editor

130.Naming Conventions-2 1.SAP Standard Objs(A,B,C,D) 2.Custom Objs(Y or

Z),SE21 pkg Builder



131.Package-It is an Object consists of Group of Similar Obj.s,SE21,Container of

SAP objects.

All our developments should save in a Single Package.(TL,PM,Basis)

132.Transport Request Number-No.Generated By Sys to move Obj(..from

Oneserver to another Server).Local Obj.No transport table fig,Very Good

Give Tr (in Pkg) No tr (in Local Object)

133.Table Creation using Data element & Domain

134.Domain-An obj.Specifies technical attributes(data type length),ex:kunnr for

customer No,KNA1 for data element

135.Data Element-An Obj,specifies Symantic Information-Fields desc,Labels

136.Steps to create a program-Active-To make an SAP object reusable to Other

Objects

137.Write: Keyword to print information or test in the output Syntax

138.Data dic or ABAP dic-Central repository where we define and create objects

related to Data Base

139.List of Obj.s in DDIC-Table,View,Data Type(Date Element,Structure,Table

Type),Type Group,Domain,Search Help,Lock Objects

140.D B Table-Collection of Rows(records) & cols (fields) to store data,2 types 1.

using predefined(not used in R.time) 2.using Domain & data element

141.Advantage of Creating Table using DE & Domain 1.Reusability 2.F key

relationships 3.For Search Helps 4.In cross apps for defining IDOCS & Segments

142.Steps to create a domain-SE11->D.name->Create->tech.Attr->Data type(Char)

Length(10),Save,Activate

143.Steps to Create Data Element-SE11->Name->Create->Data Type->Data Ele-

>Desc->Domain Name->enter->Save->Activate

144.Defining a Table -> 1.Define Fields (define properties) 2.Domain (Data

Type,Length) 3.Data Element (Description)

145.Steps To create a Table 1.Create Domain 2.Data Element 3.Define Fields

using D.E,Domain

146.Creating/Displaying data records into a table-> Utilities->Table Contents-

>Create/Display

147.Key Field-Does not Accept Duplicate Data



148.Creating DE & Domains-> 2 ways 1.Bottom to Top (Do->DE->Fld) 2.Top to

Bottom (Fld->DE->DO)

149.Initial Field-ALL Key flds By Default,If selected it stores initial Value or Empty

space as a Record.

150.Types Of Tables 1.Client Dependent (First fld-MANDT) 2.Client Independent

151.Client Number-NO to provide Security to that data at DB level.FLD

Name,DE,DOM for Cl.No is MANDT

152.Primary Key-Group of ALL the Key Fields (Ex:MANDT,KUNNR)-,Duplicates

checked based on P.Key but not on Key Flds.

153.Ex:Standard SAP Tables,KNA1,LFA1,MARA,MAKT,KNBK,KNB1

154.Ex:Commanly Used Flds.kna1-Kunnr,name1,name2,land1,ort01,ort02

155.Reusability of DE & Domains Fig

156.Properties Of Table 1.Delivary Class (Display/Maintence) 2.Fields

3.Tech.Settings- Data Class,Size Category

157.Data Class-Specifies Type of Data that is stored in table A-Appl.Table(Master &

Data table),C-Customizing table,L-Transport Table,S,E,W-Sys Table to store sys

data

158.Display Maintanence-2 specify table data can only be

displayed/maintained,Maint.Oprns-Creation,Changing,Deleting da table data 3

options 1.DMA 2.DMNA 3.DMAWR

159.Data Class-Specifies Physical Area of Table in DB Server(APPL0-Master

Data(remains Unchanged Over a Period),APPL1-Transactional Data(Day to day

Transactions))

160.Size Category-Max.No. of Rec.s that can be stored in a Table-Always 0.0 (0 to

3,600 records),1(3600 to 7,200 records),2(7200 to 16,000 records)

161.Delivary & Maintenence -Delivary Class-it defines the type of data to be

transffered into table A.-Appl.Table (master & Taransactional Data only,All

application tables should be client specific,Client dependent)

162.Data Class-specifies physical space for the table in data base. APPL0(Master

Data),APPL1(Trasnactional Data),APPL2(Organisational Data)

163.Size Catogery-Probable space for no. of records stored in table (0-9).Client

dependent-First field should be MANDT(Data Element-MANDT),p.key to avoid



duplicate keys one table-16 primary key fields,DD01l-table for all domains,DD04L-

table for all data elements,68 page,figure

164.domain-defines technical attributes(data type,size) for a field.it also maintains

fixed vals.Range of vals for a field.to maintain f.key realtionships between

tables,reusabilty

166.Data element-Set of properties for a field,domain+ desc,treated as data type in

ABAP.

167.Structure-Data type for tables,group of fields & properties,no memory(not

allocated),cant hold data

168.table-variable for structure data type (structure + body),memory allocated,can

hold data, field - data type + size + desc,domain-data type+ size,Data element-

desc,dd02l-for all data base tables tdenc-for all packages

169.DDIC objs 1.Db tables 2.Views(copy of DB tables) 3.domain-technical attributes

of a field,data type+ size 4.type group-(group of user defined data types) 5.search

help-list of possible values for a field 6.lock object (to lock/release a table access)

7.data type 1.data element(set of properties of a field) 2.structure(group of fields

and there properties) 3.table type(data type for internal tables) eck9000014 ec-

sysid k-standard 9000014-sequential generated request number note: we never

create -----

170.SE11-it is centrally integrated tool for all ABAP devlopment environments.

DDIC-ABAP Editor,Screen Painter,Form Painter,Function Builder,Class

Builder,SmartForm,Object Builder,Object Navigator. 80,000 Standard DB Tables In

SAP.

172.Package-To save any kind of Object these are used to transport from one

place to another up to 4.6 development class after 4.7 package 2types

1.Transportable(SE21) 2.non transportable (local object,$tmp)

173.To create Package-SE21-enter-rd but package->create->short desc-demo

package->Software Componet:home,Package type-Not a main package-

>enter.make sure a request number is generated. eck900017

174.Client tables-2 groups 1.client dependent (client specific-all application tables)

2.client independent ()

175.Client-Specific path or logical system on application server,3 digit

numeric(100,110,120),never use 800 it is for demo purpose.000-Golden

client(Default Client),client-data base dependent(each client maintain his-----),4.7

password strength-5,ecc 6.0 - 8 IDES-international demonstrative evaluation

system,TSTCT-Table for all tcodes se11,se38,se41,se51,se71,se37,se80

176.Objects- 1.standard(developed by SAP,display mode only,access key required



to change A to X) 2.custom(Developed by ABAPer,Display / change mode,Access

key not required,Y/Z customize objects)

177.Transaction code-to start an environment,To run an Application

178.Buffer-Temp.memory,To reduce load on DB server,To Improve Performance of

programming Fig: Prg,Buffer,DB

179.Buffering Options:3 1.Buffering Not Allowed(Table Data not used in buffer) 2.BA

(Used by SAP) 3.BSwitched ON (Table data stored in Buffer,Huge Data,Daily Basis)

180.Buffering Types:3 1.Single Record Buffering(only single/first record) 2.Fully

Buffered (ALL Records) 3.Generic area Buffer(Only Few Flds Data)

181.Generic Area:An Area that contains key Fields Data.(Specified By No. Of Key

Flds)

182.Log Data changes-If selected All Changes(Create,delete,Change) Done to the

Data or Recorded

183.Using Currency Quantity Flds-CURR-D.type for Currency/Amount Flds,CUKY

D.type to define Currency Key,QUAN,Unit

184.Steps For Defining Currency/Quantity Fields Page 17

185.Structures-SE11-An Obj,Group of Flds,Stores Single Record.Reusable(In More

then One Table)

186.Reusability Of Structures- 2 1.Include Strucutre 2.Append(Custom

Tables,Reusable) Strucutre(Standard SAP Table,Not reusable) .Include DE-

>structure Name

187.Steps for Using Include Structure-Page 18

188.Reuse Strucutre In a Table- 1. Create table with Flds Mandt,others 2.Include

structure By giving Name as .include,DE-Strucutr Name. 3.Same For other tables

too

189.Using Append Structures-For Adding Extra Flds to the St. SAP tables Append

Button->Icon Create Append->Give Name,Fld Name,DE Name.2 or 3 flds In Real

Time

190.F Key Relationship-Relation b/w 2 or more flds for Table Fld Validation-

>Checking Weather table Value Correct or Not.

191.Check Table-Table Stores Orginal List of Values or Main Data(Mater table) Ex:

KNA1,MARA EX:KNA1 to KNB1,KNBK



192.Foriegn Key table-A table Linked With Check Table for Fld Vaidation EX:

KNB1,KNBK

193.Foriegn Key Fld-A Fld in check table Linked with a field in Foriegn Key table

EX:KNA1-Kunnr(Foriegn Key Fld)

194.Pre Req.s For F.Key Rel.s- 2 1.Domain Names must be same for Check Table

& FK Table 2.FK Fld Must be P.Key in Check Table

195.Steps to Create FK Rel.s- 1.Create tab.s YYKNA1(5 records) & YYKNB1 with

flds 2.Open YYKNB1.Slect KUNNR Click ON F.key Button (Standing Man) Enter

Check tab Name (YYKNA1),Gen.Proposal,Copy,Save,Activate 3.testing Open

YYKNBK->Utilities->Tab.Contents->create->enter a no which is not there in

YYKNA1 Kunnr.Error

196.Value table-A Tab Name Defined at Domain level So that all tab flds will be

validated against a single table(value table).Click on F.key Button->Msg(F.key Does

not exis t create a proposal with value table ZZKNA1 as check table yes no

cancel).Yes Value tab becomes check table.No-we have to give our own tab name

197.Steps to create a Value Table

198.Table maintenence generator-SM30-Maintence-creation,Deletion,Updation of

recd.s -1. To Maintain Bulk Amount Of Data. 2.To validate tab rec.s using events

199.Steps To create TMG-SE11-> 1.Create Table->utilities->TMG->Auth Group

(&NC&-with out auth),Fun Group-Table Name,Mainten.Type:One Step.click Btn Find

scrn No:Sys proposses this->Icon Create->TMG/Stan. fun.Mod is created Save 2.SE

80->FUN Grp Name->Rght click->Activate Note:Adding New Fld to tmg Doesn't work

Delete & Regenerate

200.Maintaining The table Data: 2 types 1.SM30->tab Name->Maintain button->New

Records Button->enter data ->save it. 2. Open Table->Utilities->Tab.Contents-

>Create

201.Validation with TMG:Using events we can write validations(35 to 40

events).se11->table->change->utilities->TMG->envir->Modif's->events->new entries

butn->F4 on first col.abap editor->write code (1.before saving data in DB 2.After

Saving 3.Before Deleting 4.After Deleting 5.Creating a New Entry) 4.SE80 Activate

the Fn Group 5.Test tab

202.Bussiness Requirement (Same As Above)

203.Properties Of TMG 2 1.Auth Grp(Grp of users who have access to maintain

table data) 2.Fun.Grp(Conatiner of fn Mdls created by SAP while creating TMG)

204.Maintenence Type-Specifies One or two Screens to be displayed for

maintaining table Data Options:Two step-Muliple Records at a time(2 screens



displayed).One Step:Single Screen<to Create Entries Click on New Entries button

205.Recording Routine-We can enter one record at a time,to record table

changes.1.Standard Recording 2.No User Recording 3.User Recording

206.Indexes-To read data from data base effiecently to improve performance 2

1.primary(Created by SAP,On Key Flds) 2.Secondary (Abaper,On Non Key Flds)

207.Steps For Creating Secondary Index(Max 9)->Click on Button indexes->Create

Icon->desc->provide fld name->Save->activate

208.Types Of DB Tab.s: 3 1.Transperent 2.Pooled 3. Cluster 3 figs 1. business

data,one to one rel with t.tab in ddic & tt in db.A table in ddic is replicated in db with

same structure by default all tables are TT. 2.To store sys data (screen

sequence,Statistical data) Table Pool,Many to 1 Realtion,Tab Pool 3.Table

Cluster,Page No,TimeStamp

209.Views-Imaginary Table,Stores Flds from Multiple Data Base tables,Doesnot

Store Data

210.Types Of Views: 4. 1.DB View(Inner Join,Only Reading,No Maintence)

2.Projection(Single table,R&W) 3.Maintence(Inner join,R& W)4.Help(Otr Join,Only in

Search help)

211.Joins-To link 2 or more DB tables 2 types 1.inner(Matching Records table)

2.Outer Join(All rec.s from 1st table,Matching Records from 2nd table,Blank)

212.An Example of DB View-SE11->create->sel DB View->desc->Tab

Names(MARA,MAKT)->relationships button->select Relation MAKT-MARA->copy

button->View Flds Tab-> Table Flds Button->Slect MARA or MAKT ->Choose->field

Names->copy ->select Condition Tab->Table,Field names Compare Values->Save-

>Activate

213.Checking The defintion Of view->utilities->DB Objs->displayed(SQL Stmt)

214.Projection View-View created On Single table,Read and Maintain data,to

minimize DB interference,To reduce table fields.Steps:-SE11->View Name->create-

>projection View->Desc->TAB Name->TAB Flds->Copy Button->Save->Activate-

>Test It

215.Maintenence View-Create on Multiple DB tables Using Inner Join Concept,Can

Read & Maint. data.Designed For SAP,Not in Real Time.As Per Best Programming

Sandards Maintence Should Not Be Done Through Views

216.Help View-Special view.Designed For Search Help.2 or more tables,outer

join,Cant execute directly,can only Read data.

217.Steps To create help View:se11->View Name->Table Name->Relationships



Button->Select Tables(MARA-MAKt)->Copy->View Flds Tab->Slect flds->Save-

>Activate

218.Search Help: Help for List of Values to be selected on an Input Field,f4

functionality for an input field

219.Types Of Search helps: 1.Elementary 2.Collective A single Search help for

input flds A group of elementary search helps for input flds.

220.Steps of Elementary Search help.SE11->Select Search help->create->Select

Elementary Search help->desc->selection Method(MARA)->Provide Search help

Parameters as Below Search help parameters Imp tick exp lpos spos Save-

>Activate->Test 1.program level(pars,stmts,syntax,ex) 2.Table Level 3.Data Element

level

221.MatchCode Object: Stmt to assign Custom Search Help by replacing Standard

Search Help.If Standard Search help Not avai it displays cu.s.help directly.Syntax:

Parameters: <Pname> type <Table-FieldName> Match Code Object <Custom

Search Help>

222.Assigning The Search help At the Table level 3 steps 1.Create table 2.Create a

Search Help 3.Assign Search Help to Table Field ex:open ZMARA->select Matnr-

>click on generate proposal->Save->activate->Test it.

223.Collective Search help->Group of Elementary Search helps Ex: 1.Create 2

ele.search helps with parameters 2.Create a Collective S Help with Par.s

3.Include(tab) search helps->give 2 s helps one by one->Parameter(button)

Assigment->Proposal->Yes->Save->Activate->test it

224.Assigning Collective Search Help At program Level.

225.Search help properties 1.Sel. method-Specifies table Name or view name so

that values can be selected 2.LPOS-list position of screen 3.SPOS-Selection

Screen position of Field 4.Importing-chk box selected values are imported by list

screen to selection screen 5.Exporting-Vice Versa

226.Dailog Type:Dialog means Screen- 3 types 1.Display values immediately

2.Dailog with value restriction 3.Dailog depends on set of values 1.As soon as click

on SHelp button 2.Values Not Displayed immediatley but a window is disaplyed

instead where we can put some filter 3.Above both set of values<500 displays >500

screen

227.Type Group-Obj,contains reusable user defined data types ex:slis(related to

ALV reports).we dont create them in real time

228.Steps to create Type Group-SE11->Type GRP->ZTYPE->Create->Below Code-

> Type-pools: Ztype types: Ztype_name(25) type c.



229.Properties of Domain : Sign:Can Store sign of a -ve or else + ve value

Lcase:Charcters are stored as entered in SAP screen or else upper case.

230.Conversion Routine:Fn.Module,Converts a Value frm int. format to ext.Format

CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_INPUT(ext. to

int),CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT

231.Fixed Values:Can define list of fixed values for a domain(see notes)

232.Internal tables:Symbol,Temp.Mem loc created during run time of a prg. to store

the data of a DB table,stores n no of records,a run time instance

233.Work Area:Symbol,temp. me. storage location

234.variable:temp.mem.location,Stores a Single value.

235.Why Itabs or Wa's-Not directly working on Db tables.Reducing the load on DB.

236.Why Work areas-To read record from itab in to a sep. memory called as WA.

237.Syntax of Itab: DATA:<itab name> type table of <DB Table Name>/<User

Defined Data type> ex: Data: I_kna1 type table of kna1,Data: I_kna1 type table of

ty_kna1

238.Syntax for WA: Data: <wa Name > type <DB Table>/<User Defined type> ex:

Data: wa_kna1 type kna1/ty_kna1

239.Accesing Work Area Fields: Syn: <WA-name>-FieldName = 'Value'.

Ex:wa_kna1-kunnr = '1001'.

240.Reading data from DB tables: Select fromDB Table into Itab. Syn:Select f1,f2 or

* from <DB Table> into table <itab> where <condition> Ex: Select

241.Displaying Itab Data:need to read each record from itab to wa Syn: Loop at

<ItabName> into <WA>....EndLoop Ex: Loop At I_Kna1 into Wa_Kna1...very very

good ex Data: I_kna1 type table of kna1 Data:wa_kna1 type kna1.Select * from

kna1 into table i_kna1 Loop at i_kna1 into wa_kna1 writ: / wa_kna1-kunnr,wa_kna1-

Name1 endloop

242.Types: To declare our own custom data types. Syntax: Begin of

<UserDefinedTypeName> f1,f2 .....End of <UserDefinedTypeName> Ex:Begin of

Ty_kna1

kunnr type kna1-kunnr,Land1 type kna1-land1 End of Ty_kna1 Data: i_kna1 type

table of ty_kna1 wa_kna1 type ty_kna1

243.Into corresponding Fields: to compare each field from source to target itab,puts

extra burden on DB,Never in Real Time Syn:Select * from <dbtab> into corrsponding

fields of Table <itab>.



244.Best prg.ing:1.Always declare itabs using u.d.type 2.Select * X,Select list of flds

3.into corresponding flds X 4. Source list of flds & the targt itab flds list must be

same

245.List of Itabs operations 1.Append 2.Insert 3.Sort 4.Describe Table 5.Read table

6.Loop at <Itable> 7.Modify 8.Delete 9.Delete Adjacent Duplicates 10.Clear

11.Refresh 12.free 13.Collect 14.Move Corresponding 15.Append Lines of 16.Insert

Lines Of

246.Append-To add Single record from wa to Itable.Syn: Append WA to Itab Ex:

WA_kna1-kunnr = '100'. Append wa_kna1 to i_kna1.

247.Insert-To Insert record from wa to Itab at a specified location Syn:Insert <WA>

into <ITAB> index <No>

248.Sort-To Sort Itab Data either in Ascing or Descending order Syn:Sort <Itab> by

f1,f2...<ASC>/<DESC> ex:1.Sort i_kna1 2.Sort i_kna1 by Name1 3.Sort i_kna1 by

Land1 descending

249.Describe table-To find total no of records in a iTable. 43 page Syn:Describe

Table <Itab> lines <var.name>

250.Read Table-To read a Single Record from itab into Wa. 2 1.With Index(read the

record specified by index no into wa) Syn:Read table <itab> into <wa> index

<no>2.With Key(By field value) Syn:Read table <itab> into <wa> with key

<fldname1>=<value>,<fldname2>=<value>,Binary Search,Prerequsite is Itab sort in

Ascending.

251.Binary Search-Search Algorithem,To improve time taken for reading a record

from itable.In Real time its Mandatory.Functionality of Binary Search(2 halfs).

251.Loop..EndLoop-Read Multiple records from itab into Wa one by one. 3

Syntaxes 1.Loop at <itab> into <wa>..endloop 2.Loop at <itab> into <wa> from N1 to

N2 3.Loop at <itab> into <wa> where <field name=Value>

<Fieldname=Value>..endloop

252.Modify-To Modify single/Multiple Records based on the condition. Syn:Modify

<itab> from <wa> index <no> transporting <Fname>

253.Sy-tabix-System variable,Index no of internal table which is currently

processed.Internal table Index ex:

254.Insert the values in the data base table (report prgoram)

255.Delete-To delete the data from Internal table Syntaxes 3. 1.Delete <itab> from

<wa> 2.Delete <itab> index <no> 3.Delete <itab> where <fld1>=<val>,<fld2>=<val>



256.Delete Adjecent Duplicates-Delete Adjacent/Side by Side duplicate records (pre

requisite itab sorted in ascending order) Syn:Delete adjacent duplicate from <itab>

Comparing <f1><f2><f3> or all fields ex:Delete i_kna1 index 3.Delete i_kna1 where

kunnr = 'sony01' ex.

257.Clear:to delete data from Variable or WA or ITAB Syn:Clear <VarName>,Clear

<WA>,Clear <ITAB>[]->Body

258.Refresh:To delete Internal Table only Syntax:REFRESH <ITAB Name>

259.Free:Data & Memory also be deleted.Syntax: Free <Variable Name>,WA,ITAB.

260.Collect:Similar to append.Checks weather wa record already exist in the Internal

Table or not.Yes-It will add numeric fields No-It will add a new record to itable

Syn:Collect <WA> into <ITAB> ex:big one.

261.Append Lines of-To add multiple records from 1 itable to another itable

Syn:Append lines of <itab1> from <n1> to <n2> into <itab2> ex:

262.Insert Lines of-To add data from one ITAB to another at specified index

number. Syntax: Insert lines of <iab1> from <n1> to <n2> into <ITAB2> index <no>.

ex

263.Moving Data from One Internal Table to another Internal table Syntax: Itab2[] =

Itab1[].

264.Move Corresponding:To Move Data from Corresponding fields from One WA to

Another WA Syn:Move Corresponding <WA1> to <WA2> Ex:Dangerous

stmt,Alternative Is

265.Obselete Ways to declare ITAB and WA:occurs 0-Creates body of 8 kb size for

internal table.occurs 0 with header line-Body as well as implicit WA(header line)

266.Using our own fields-Page 51.OOABAP-Only Type Statement,Internal table

Operations Differences.

267.Types of Internal tables

1.Standard 2.Sorted 3.Hashed

1.Default,Key or Index operation to read a record,binary/linear search,Response

time depends on no of records

2.not default,automatically stores data,no append stmt, Default,Key or Index

operation to read a record,binary/linear search,Can be sorted

3.not default,when working with all fields of itables,when working with large

datasets,only index operation

Syn: Data:<ITAB> Type Standard/Sorted/Hashed Table of <DBT/UDDT>

267.Open SQL:SAP R/3,Independent to DB,R/3 interface Layer,Converts to DB

Stmts



268. 2 types of Statements 1.Open SQL->In Real Time 2.Native SQL->Directly with

Data Base

269.INSERT: Insert <DBTab> From <WA>,INSERT <DBTAB> From Table <ITAB>.

270.MODIFY: Same

271.UPDATE:Same

272.DELETE:Same Above Kind of Syntax

273.Pre Requisites for Open SQL Stmts: Always work with <ITAB> rather then

<WA>.Structure of itab/wa must be same as DB Tables. Ex: Data: I_kna1 type table

of kna1 (tick) ,Data: I_kna1 type table of ty_kna1 (wrong)

274.System Variables:System Variables Automatically updated for each open SQL

Operation. 1.SY-SUBRC-System/sub operation/return code-Stores return code of

open sql operation.'0' means successfully executed. 2.sy-dbcnt-Stores No of

records successfully processed.

275. 2 forms of insert statement fig. 1.Insert from ITAB(throws run time error when

finds duplicate records) 2. Insert from ITAB accepting duplicate keys

276.update statement: 2 types 1.row level update 2. column level update 1.Entire

row is processed 2.Only purticular Fields updated Syn: 1.update <DBTAB> from

<WA> or update <DBTAB> from TABLE <itab> 2.update <DBTABLE> set <fl> =

<val1> <f2> = <val2> where <condition>

277.Modify Statement:it updates/inserts new record (if yes/no) always sy-subrc = 0.

278.Delete : it deletes single/multiple records, all examples

279.debugging:SAP tool,Displays Back ground Execution of each Statement.

280.break point: it is a point to break program execution 2 types 1.Static(fixed,set by

statement BREAK-POINT,never use) 2.Dynamic (STOP button,deleted

automatically)

281.EXIT: to stop loop processing and exit the loop,ex.

282.Continue:To continue the next iteration counter by leaving all the below

statements

283.Loops : 3 types 1.DO <N> times ENDDO 2.While <Condition>...ENDWHILE 3.

Loop at <ITAB> ....ENDLOOP.

284.Sy-index-Holds the loop iteration counter of a loop,Sys-Variable



285.Case <Conditon>.....when <value> .....EndCase

286.Conditional Statements 3 1.if...endif 2.if....else...endif 3.

if....elseif...elseif...elseif...endif.

287.Data types in abap-fig,ex Prg

288.SKIP-to display blank line on output screen syn: SKIP <NO> -No of

Lines,Skip,Skip2-2 blank lines.

289.Variable-Temporary memory location-holds single value

290.System variable-SYST structure, ex: sy-uname,sy-datum,sy-uzeit,sy-repid,sy-

vline,sy-uline,sy-mandt.

291.Write with position with LEFT/RIGHT/CENTER JUSTIFIED ,colors

292.Structures-Group of Fields and properties,2 types,1.INCLUDE 2.APPEND

1.custom tables,to add new flds at any req. pos. .include as fld name,strcutre as

data element,n no of custom tables 2.Standard tables,Last positons,f5

293.

1.Transparent Table-Same Table Name,Strucutre in DDIC & DB.

2.Pooled tables-Multiple DDIC tables-one DB table(Pooled table)-Orginizational

Data

3.Cluster table-same,table cluster,Multiple tables must be linked with a primary key

Note:Properties for a field check here (predefined type),Types of tables w.r.t

client,w.r.t DB.

Book3

294.String operations: concatinate,Condense,Translate(u/l case),Replace,Split

295.using loops in smartforms:loop node,loops an itab,table-node,loops an itab and

display data in the form of a table prg.

296.Debugging 2 ways 1.Static Brk point in prg lines of Smart Form 2.Dynamic Brk

Point in Function Module se7->fn md name->display->source code-

>find(button,binarcules)->Give any Prg.Line(v_sno=v_sno+1) -> RADIO Button In

Main program->enter->put Dynamic Break Point.

297.Configuration of Smart forms NACE Page5.

298.Text Module in Smart Form-to display text depending on log on language,Single

text in multiple languages->steps



299.Module Pool Programming-se80,tcode is must to execute,to create custom SAP

screens as per business requirement/Modifying Standard SAP Screen.

300.Events of MPP:- 1.PBO- Before screen is Displayed 2.PAI-After Screen is

displayed 3.POV-when user clicks on search help or f4 button 4.POH-Help/f1 button

301.Execution flow of a MPP-execute tcode->PBO->screen->User Enter Input->PAI

302.Modularization Technique in MPP Programs-4 include prgs.Created

Automatically 1.TOP Include(<MPPName>_TOP,All Data declarations) 2.PBO

Include(<MPPName>_O01,Logic relaed to PBO) 3.PAI

Include(<MPPName>_I01,Logic related to PAI) 4.Forms Include

(<MPPName>_F01,Logic related to sub routines)

303.Screen-Visible Layout which is displayed in the output.

304.Components of Screen:4 1.Attributes(Properties of screen) 2.ElementList(List

of elements of screen) 3.FlowLogic(contains modules) 4.Layout(Designing Part)

305.Module-Obj,Contains ABAP code for a screen (Flow Logic cannot understand

ABAP Statements)

306.Steps to create a MPP Program (Check all in MPP Questions)

307.OOABAP (See SAP technical Also)

308.Class:User Defined Data Type (Group of

attributes,methods,events,types,interfaces etc)

309.Object:Fig. Instance of a Class i.e a duplicate Copy of a class,Each obj.

Seperate Memory.

310.Types Of Components: fig. 2 1.Instance 2.Static 1.Seperate memory for each

instance or Obj. fig. Syn:<Instance/Obj.Name>-><instance Component Name> ex:-

2.Global memory or fixed memory for all objects,Static attributes affect all the

objects reffereing to same memory Syn: <ClassName>=><StaticComponentName>

fig.

Static Component Selector.

311.Attributes: Any data variables,wa,constants with in the class

312.Steps to create a global class: SE24->ClassName(ZCL_name)->Create->Desc-

>Button Save->Attribute(Attribute Tab)->save & Activate

313.Creating Objects: 2 Steps 1.Declare a vaibale for Object Syn:<ObjName> type

ref to <ClassName> ex: Data: Obj type ref to ZCL_Sample 2.Instantiate Object

Syn:Create Object <ObjName> Ex:Obj1,Obj2 (SAP Memory Allocated)



314.Example program on the Above Class 1.Declration 2.Instantiation 3.Setting a

Value 4.Changing Value & Print see page V.IMP Page 25.

315.Ex. prg. on static attributes v.imp page 26 see once

316.Visibility of Components -3 visible sections in a class. 1.public section 2.Private

section 3.protected section 1.within Class & outside Class 2.within Class Only

3.Within Class & for its child class. Any Data,varaibles,Components declared under

317.Ex on protected & private Variables (instance Obj->V_name Static

Obj=>V_name)

318.types of classes 2 1.Global,All prgs in SAP can access this class,Starts with

GCL_ 2.Local SE38 with in a Program,Cant be accesesed outside,Starts with LCL_

319.Methods: Similar to function Modules,Set of

Statements,Importing,exporting,Changing,Reing parameters Syn:- To call method -

CALL method (downside exp..Imp..) <ObjName>(instance)/<ClassName>(Static) -

>/=> Method name under parameters button

320.Ex. On methods 1.declaring Methods in method tab 2.Parameters (itable,field)

3.Click on [] and write code (method...endmethod)->select Query 4

321.Using method in the program : pattern RadBut ABAP Object Patterns->RadBut

Callmethod (Instance,class interface,method)->Code will be generated 2 book ex:

23ex

322.Ex on method with table type Create table Type->open class->Method tab-

>Define a Method->Specify parameters->Write Code->Write Code in program

323.Types In Classes (Ex) : to declare attributes or --- parameters of type user

defined. click on types tab and define types

324.Events: action double click | Right Click | left Click.To trigger the methods of

same or other class. events tab. Syntax to raise events: Raise Event <EventName>

ex: Raise Event no_kunnr. 5 steps to work. 1. Define event 2.Define a Method

3.Link event & method 4.Raise Event 5.use SET HANDLER Syn: SET Handler event

handle method for instance object.

325.SET HANDLER(key word)-To register event handler method for a particular

instance | object. ex:- SET HANDLER obj1 -> zxyz for obj1 ,SET HANDLER obj2 ->

zxyz for obj2 , ex program

326.Constructors - special method,Executed automatically 2 1.Instance 2.Static

1.instance constructor-executed when ever instance is created,only importing

parameters,no exporting,to set default value in a class,name is CONSTRUCTOR

327.A real time ex on construcor



328.STATIC CONSTRUCTOR-exe when ever class is accessed using instance/class

name for the first time ex:objName->Class member,ClassName=>Static class

method exe only once name static constructor class constructor(method name

automatically),no importing,exporting parameters

329.Interfaces-Similar to classes,contains methods with out impl,where as class with

impl,polymorphism,1 interface,3 classes,methods are linked and copied to classes

330.Polymorphism-Method names will be similar in all classes but implementation is

different.

331.Ex on interfaces-ZIF_xxxxx

332.using Aliases-Alternative Name for interface method names or components

(ALIAS TAB visibility)

333.Inheritence- Symbol,To create a child class from parent class,methods copy to

child class

334.SUPER-Keyword to access super class methods syn:- Super->

<par.class.method> ex: super -> pm1 super -> pm2

335.REDEFINE-keyword,to redefine the parent class methods with extra abap

code,also called as method overriding,no method overloading in OOABAP,Single

Inheritance(OK),Multiple Inheritance(NO)

336.FINAL-keyword,Check box(no inheritance),to indicate weather we can create a

inheritance for a parent class or not.

337.Abstract Class-we cant create object to abstract class,to create

inheritance,methods with/with out implementation,abstract method-without

implementing code.

338.Steps for abstract class,ex.code

339.FRIENDS-concept by which child class can access even private variables of

parent class.by default it can access public & protected variables,firends tab,ex

340.lcl classes-A class in se38 to create lcl class 2 steps 1.Class Defintion 2.Class

Impl Syn: Class <ClassName> Defintion...Endclass,Class <ClassName>...Endclass

341.Using static & Intance Components in local class(check).

Attributes:DATA,CLASS-DATA methods:methods,class-

methodsEvents:events,class-events,constructor-constrcutor,class-constructor

342.Using public,private,protected sections class public section data class data

endclass



343.Using events in local classes 1.Define an event events:No_kunnr 2.Define a

method : event_handler_methods 3.link event and method and convert to event

handler method Syn: methods: <method name> for event <event name> of <class

name>

344.Using inheritance in local class 1.Create super & child class Syn:class

<classname> defintion inherting from <superclass>...endclass ex.

345.Redefining a method: Syn:- methods <method name> REDEFINTION. ex,

345.DEFINTION DEFFERED: Keyword,to tell sytem/program that defintion of class is

postponed/available somewhere in the program.

346.ABAP Object patterns RaDButns CallMethod->Create Object->RaiseEvent-

>RaiseException Syntax: Class ClassName Defintion deffered.

347.Object Oriented ALV's Displayed in 2 ways 1.ALV with function modules 2.ALV

with Classes

348.Advantages of ALV with Classes

1.N no of events in classes(more compared with function Modules) ex:drag & drop

left click,right click

2.OOALV Displayed on MPPScreen(with the help of custom container UI element)

3.Control size of Custom Container.i.e we can control ALV GRID Data

4.Display ALV Grid & UI Elements (Check boxes,Radio Buttons)

5.Can display more then one ALV Grid on single Screen.

349.Architecture of OOALV-UI Elements,Custom Container UI,ALV Grid,MPP Screen

350.Classes used for OOALV's

1.CL_GUI_ALV_GRID

2.CL_GUI_CUSTOM_CONTAINER

3.CL_DD_DOCUMENT(Logo,TopOfPage)

4.CL_GUI_ALV_TREE

5.CL_GUI_SPLITTER_CONTAINER 6.CL_GUI_CONTAINER

(to use part of container from split container) to divide/split custom container

method:set_table_for_first_display used to display ALV data.

351.List of OOALV's-

1.ALV with Structure

2.Field catlogue

3.Feild Catlogue Merge

4.Logo & Top of Page

5.Interactive ALV's



6.Interactive ALV with Grid on Same Screen

7.Splitter Container

8.Tree

352.Interactive ALV's

353.ENHANCEMENTS: Concept to add extra code to Standard SAP Software

without modifying Original Software.Each Enhancement point is called exit point.

354.Types of Enhancements:

1.User Exit 2.Customer Exit 3.BADI's (OOABAP) 4.Enchancement's SPOT

1.Subroutines only in SD Module

2.FM/include programs in all modules

3.Interfaces/Classes in ALL Modules

4.Directly we can enhance in all Modules.

1.USER Exit's-empty sub routine's to write Customer code to enhance application

technically called as MODIFICATIONS(need SAP Access Key),only SD Module,Start

with userexit_**** ex: perform userexit_**** ,form userexit_*** endform.,empty

subroutine write your own code.

2.CUSTOMER EXIT-zinclude programs,available inside funtion module technically

called as enhancements available in all modules.

4 types 1.fn Mod exit 2.menu exit 3.screen exit 4.field exit(obslete now)

1.To enhence custom coding of Standard SAP Application.It will have a predefined

Signature.(i.e importing/exporting parameters)->based on this write custom

code.each fn module will have zinclude.

2.To add custom menus to standard tool bar or menu bar identitified by '+'

.Dbl.Click on+ and create Custom menu

menu exit to add custom menu fn.md.exit to add abap logic for corresponding menu

exit.

3.Screen Exit-to add custom SAP Screen to Standard SAP Screen,of type sub

screen,each sub screen identified by screen number,each screen exit fn module

exit.

4.Field exit-to change the standard field labels of i/p fields on SAP Screen Note:

Each C.exit of Function Module Exit starts with EXIT_XXX_001.Project is a group of

enhancements.each enhancement is an exit point. cmod-to create a project smod-

searching the enhancements(exits)

355.Searching for enhancements (or) exits : 3 Ways 1.using call customer function

2. usind smod tcode 3.using se84 tcode



356.Using SMOD Transaction.

357.using se84 - se84- expand enhancements folder->customer exits folder->dbl

click on Enhancements->Give package name->execute->list of enhancements

displayed

358.using Call customer function-SE93->tcode name (XD01)->click display->dbl

click on program name->find button(binoculus)->pop up display->Give string as call

customer->Select Radio button in Main Program->enter->Dbl Click on Main Program

name & Continue untill all customer's are displayed ex:-

359.Finding enhancements for a exit-Modsap is a table which give enhancements

name for a exit. Steps:se11->modsap->display->table contents->give member as

exit name ex:-exit_sapmf02d_001->execute->enhancement name will be displayed.

360.finding the exact or correct exit.

1.After finding the list of enhancements & function modules put break point in all

function module exits

2.First create a project in CMOD transaction

3.put a brak point in the function module exit

4.execute the transaction->now we can find easily which is correct exit.

361.steps to find user exits->give tcode ex:-vaq3->click onsystem->status->pop-up

is displayed->double click on program name->find button->give the string as user

exit->select the radio button in main program & press enter->give the main program

name & press enter->continue the process untill you find the user exits ex:- perform

userexit_save_document_prepare,userexit_save_document

362.ex on userexit,ex on function exit using call transaction function ex: on customer

exit using SMOD,ex on menu exit,testing

363.field exit-changing label of standard field->cmod->project name as za_cust-

>goto->text----->keywords->xhange->a pop up is displayed->data element name as

'STCD1' ->enter->change short,medium,long,heading,short desc to to taxx number-

>save. testing->xk02->vendor name as -> select check boxes->address,control,py

trans,enter->next screen button->observe text label which is canged from tax

number to tax number

364.steps to find out the field name,table name, data element. se02->vendor

number as 1->select check boxes->enter->next screen button->press f on tax

number field-> apop up is displayed->tech.info button->displayes tab name,field

name,data element name

365.BADI's-se18-badi defintion,se19-badi impl- business addins,another way of

implementing enhancements to the standard program with out modifying original

code,uses oops,technically it is nothing but interface,each badi's contains methods



with out implementions called as badi defintions.need to write abap classes to

implement badi's

Advantages-1.Can create multiple implementations for a single badi/enhancement

exits-single implementation i.e single project for enhancement.interface name for

badi will be as below if_ex_cbadiname.calss name for a badi will be

zcl_ex_cimplemantaion name.

Types of Badi's- 4 1.Single implementation 2.Multiple implementation 3.Filter

Implementation 4.Custom Implmentation 1.Only one Implementation 2.Multiple

Implementations,by default all will be executed,cant control sequence of execution

3.which has a filter value,only those implementation's which satisy filter value are

executed .generally filer value data element eg:-land1,bukrs

366.properties of badi's 1.if multiple use check box is not selected it is a single

implementation badi 2.if filter dependent check box is selected it is afilter dependent

badi .we need to define the filter type such as land1 , bukrs, werks

367.finding badi's for tcode CL-Exit-handler->class,get_instance->method (to find

list of badi's for a transaction).Go to SE24->class name as CL-Exit-handler-

>display->double click on method->create instance->put break point on below line

or method (see page 60)

368.second method using se84 1.find package name for a tcode->se84->expand

enhancement folders->Add-in Floders->double click defintions->give pkg name-

>execute ex:give package name va1

369.ex on badi

370.cross applications

371.RFC remote function class-Special type of function modules,communicates with

remote servers(SAP to SAP/NON-SAP),select radio button remote enabled fun

module,extra coding generated,fig

372.RFC Destinations-Created by basis,SM59,comminucate or links between

remote servers,fig:-server1->link->server2 syn:Call function <RFC Fn MD Name>(by

abaper) destination <RFC Destination Name>(by basis) EXP---- IMP---

373.Steps to create RFC Destination-SM59-ABAp conn.s Folder->create->Name as

z800 to 810->description->host name (name as gcecc62),Target host:app server-

>log on & security tab->specify details:language:en client:110(remote server client)

user :sapuser paswordstatus:india123->click on remote login button to test

connection->connected->back

374.Steps to create RFC Function Module->SE37->function module

name(ZGET_MAT_DATA)->Create->Import Parameters(im_matnr) (pass by value)-

>export parameters->ex_mara->code code:select single * from mara into

corresponding fields of table ex_mara where matnr=im_matnr->attribute tab -



>remote enable radio button

375.using RFC function Module In a Program

376.BAPI-tcode BAPI,BOR-(Business Object Repository)-Repository of business

objects BO-an obj,which is similar to class group od attributes:

methods,events,interfaces,key fields etc SWO1 (tcode) ex:BUS1001-Materials

2)BUS2012->PurchaseOrder

1.Methods:BAPI_material_getdetail,BAPI_material_getlist 2.methods:

BAPI_po_getdetails,BAPI_po_getitems

377.BAPI-Remote enabled function module to communicate between SAP to

SAP/NON-SAP servers,uses RFC technolozy,RFC Fun Module inserted in to

business object converted to BAPI

378.Difference between RFC & BAPI-both to communicate between SAP to NON-

SAP,Stand Alone FM's,communicate with other BAPI'S,events interface

379.Uses of BAPIs 3 1.Report Generation 2.Communicating b/w SAP to SAP/NON

SAP 3.to upload data

380.Rules of BAPI-

1.Starts with BAPI or ZBAPI

2.All import/export parameters of type structures (Starts with BAPI/ZBAPI)

3.All Parameters should be pass by value

4.Every bapi should have a returning parameter (return like BAPIRET2)

5.If Bapi success-to save data in data base table use another bapi

BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT else BAPI_TRANSACTION_ROLLBACK

381.ex on Bapi's ex:2 ex:3

382.ALE IDOC's ALE-Application Link Enabling,netwrok,to create connection

between servers at deifferent geographical locations

383.IDOC-data transfer,intermediate document

384.types of data transfer 2 1.out bound data transfer (sap to another) 2.inbound

data transfer (another to sap)

385.SAP to SAP communication:fig ALE,IDOCs

386.SAP to NON-SAP communication:fig EDI,IDOCS,TIBCO,SAPXI,XML,fig,middle

ware tools

387.IDOC-Internediate Document,Conatiner of data ,similar to post box.technically

IDOC's->group of segments(similar to structures)->group of fields,start with

standard(E1),custom(z1).we30-idoc types, we31- segment defintion.Idoc IDOC



Types-(DEBMAS05(E1KNA1,E1KNB1,E1KNBK Fields)-Customer Data,CREMAS05-

Vendor Data,MATMAS05-Material Data)

388.Runtime Components of Idoc-When ever we transmit the IDOC from one server

to Another Server Automatically components will be added at runtime

389.Runtime Components of IDOC- 1.Control Record Info 2.Data Record Info

3.Status Record info 1.who is reciever/sender,1 record,EDIDC 2.Actual business

data,n records,EDIDD 3.Stauts info,success,error,warnings,n records,EDIDS.

390.Message Type-to identify the type of application for which idoc is used. ex:-

ALREQ01->IDOC type for feteching material,cutomer,vendor data to identify the

application for the above IDOC we use message types. ex: 1.MATMAS ->Message

Types(matmas01,matmas02..,matmas05-all idoc types,05 is latest one) 2.cremas

3.debmas. First create IDOC with segments->create message type->then link to

IDOC types

391.Steps to create a segment- WE31->segment typesegment name as z1kna1-

>create->desc->field name & data element->save->back->edit (set release).once

you relaease the segment only it can be used in the IDOC's

392.Create ZKNBK Steps to create IDOC->WE30->IDOC Name ZDEBMAS05-

>Create->desc->enter->put cursor on IDO name->Create or ADD segment->A pop-

up is displayed->Give Details as Below->Segment Type Z1KNA1 Mandatory

Segment Minimum No Maximum No ->enter->put cursor onz1kna1 segment & Click

on create Button to add segment as Child->provide details as below->Parent

Segment->Segment Type->Z1knbk min no 1 max no 9999 ->save->back->edit-

>release->Now IDOC is used to transfer data

393.Filtering IDOC BD64 Segment-BD56

394.Custom IDOC's - 1.extended IDOC->Organisational IDOC(WE30) + Extra

Segment(WE31) 2.reduced IDOC 1.Orgiginal IDOC (BD53)-Unwanted Segements

Posted 13th April 2012 by Bhamidipati

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