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Presentation delivered at the 3rd IEEE Track on Collaborative Modeling & Simulation - CoMetS'12. Please see http://www.sel.uniroma2.it/comets12/ for further details.
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CoMetS'12, June 25-27, Toulouse
Azzedine Yahiaoui1 and Abd-El-Kader Sahraoui2
1Center for Building & Systems TNO – TU/e,
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, The Netherlands 2Systems Engineering & Integration Group,
LAAS-CNRS of Toulouse , France
A Framework for Distributed
Control and Building
Performance Simulation
2
Outlines
Problem Statement
Building Automation and Control Systems
Classical and Advanced Control Systems
Integration Possibilities
Development and Implementation of a Distributed Dynamic Simulation Mechanism
Modelling: Example of Application
Simulation Results
Conclusions and Future Work
3
Problem Statement (1)
Domain based Control Modeling Environment (e.g., Matlab/Simulink)
very advanced in control systems design
but still limited in building performance simulation
Domain specific Building Performance Simulation (e.g., ESP-r) relatively based on modeling of building zone, plant ...
Marrying two approaches by run-time coupling
integrated building performance assessments
4
Problem Statement (2)
Extending this potential by distributing one or more ESP-r(s) with Matlab/Simulink over a network
typical pattern of distributed simulation between control systems and building performance applications
as qualified by similarity to BACS architecture
5
Building Automation and Control Systems
1
2
3
Central computer
Netwerk
Substation(computer)
+
-
Substation
Figure 6.1
Building Automation System.
Control &
Management
Protocol
Building &
Plants
General architecture of BACS Modern BACS Architecture
‘LonMark’
‘BACnet’
Protocols
6
Classical Control Applications
Control
law Room
ri Reference
command
ei yi
di
+
-
Input
disturbance
ui
1 2 3
MATLAB ESP-r
Communication
mechanism
Send Rec.
Send Rec.
•Optimal Control
•Predictive Control
•Fuzzy Logic
•Neural Nets
•…
Building Control Application
•Optimal Control
•Predictive Control
•Fuzzy Logic
•Neural Nets
•…
Advanced Control Applications
7
Integration Possibilities
Struct function
ESP-r
control data
MEX-file
Matlab/Simulink
control data
run-time coupling infrastructure
These APIs must present the highest
possible abstraction meaningful to
run-time coupled software tools
• Shared file
• Pipes
• Shared Memory
• Sockets
(XML/SOAP)
• CORBA
• HLA
• …
8
Classification Different Possibilities
Trade-Off Analysis
Requirements
IPC
Flexibility Reliability Concurrency Scalability Transparency Applicability
Pipe + + + + + −+
Standard File + − + + −+ −+
Shared memory ++ ++ + ++ ++ +
Socket ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++
CORBA ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ −
Performance comparison and ease use indicated
Sockets were best suited for Development and
Implementation of run-time coupling between two
or more software tools on different platforms
9
SE Structured Approach to run-
time coupling Development (1)
Sub-System Level
System Level
User’s
Requirements
System
Requirements
System Architecture
and Design
Acceptance
Test
System
Test
Integration
Test
Technical
Requirements
High Level
Design
Technical
Requirements
High Level
Design
Sub-System
Test
Integration
Test
Sub-System
Test
Integration
Test
Component Level
Software
Requirements
High Level
Design
Integration
Test
Unit
Test
Integration
Software
Requirements
High Level
Design
Integration
Communication
Requirements
High Level
Design
Integration
Test
Unit
Test
Unit
Test
Integration
Test
Implementation
Building Model Controller Run-Time Coupling
Mechanism
Time
Level of
Abstraction
10
SE Structured Approach to run-
time coupling Development (2)
11
Run-Time Coupling Implementation
network
ESP-r
Un
ix-v
arian
t
or
Win
dow
s
Un
ix-v
arian
t
or
Win
dow
s
Matlab/Simulink
network
ESP-r
Un
ix-v
arian
t
or
Win
dow
s
Un
ix-v
arian
t
or
Win
dow
s
Matlab/Simulink
Run-time coupling between ESP-r
and Matlab/Simulink
advantage of modeling building model and its control
systems separately and using different platforms
Distributed Control and Building Performance Simulation
1 2 3
12
Conceptual Design & User Interfaces
Matlab Side ESP-r Side
13
Extension of Run-Time Coupling
to Represent BACS in Simulation
Extension Possibilities for
Multiplexing (using select() function)
Broadcasting (using SO_BROADCAST API)
Multitasking (using POSIX treads – library)
Run-time Coupling Infrastructure
ESP-r (1) MatlabESP-r (9)
Conventional representation Equivalence in V-lifecycle model
Conceptual view of a Distributed simulation between
Matlab/Simulink and one or more ESP-r (s)
14
Distributed Simulation Mechanism
for BACS representation
1
2
3
15
Run-Time Coupling Options
Data Exchange Formats:
ASCII format
Binary format
Web-Services (SOAP/XML) format
Communication Modes:
Synchronous
Asynchronous
Partially Synchronous
16
Modelling: Example of Application
Control of Building Heating System
17
Building
Control systems
Sensors
Actu
ato
rsReferences
Modelling: Example of Application
Control of Building Heating System
Matlab/Simulink ESP-r
18
Simulation Results: Continuous and
Digital Control Systems
Simulation results obtained with continuous PI control system
Simulation results obtained with discrete PI control system
19
Conclusion & Future Work
A distributed simulation mechanism for BACS technology by run-time coupling Matlab/Simulink and one or more ESP-r(s) is implemented as a practical solution for improving control applications in ABs
Using a SE methodology to define all required functionalities in the development, implementation, validation, and operation of run-time coupling between ESP-r and Matlab/Simulink early in V-moel
Future work will envisage to analyze and simulate complex and large-scale building control applications involving the utilization of multiple ESP-r(s) by run-time coupling to Matlab/Simulink
20
Any Questions & Comments
Thank you for your
kind attention