7 gaps and issues

Study on Gap Analysis of Malaysia Robotics Industry for the Implementation of IC Innovation for National Robotics (IC-I NR)

7. Gaps and Issues

Identification of Gaps

• Questionnaires• Visits• Interview with Domain Experts• Articles, Journals• Previous Workshop Input

Identify Issues

• Gap 1: Robotics Adoption in Malaysia

• Gap 2: Robotics National Centre• Gap 3: Integrated Value Chain• Gap 4 : Human Capital• Gap 5 : Standards

Group the issues into Gaps • Learn from others’ success:

• As input for Gap Closing Strategies (not in project scope)

• Input for ICI-NR Implementation Plan

Benchmark with Global Robotics Industry

based on Gaps identified

Issues Repository

Insufficient Commercialisation

Fund

Insufficient Technical Manpower

R&D Costly Investment –

Insufficient cash flow to support R&D

Local market not ready for automation

Automation is very expensive investment

and looking at very short ROI

Insufficient facilities Limited R&D

Research Fund to turn ideas to product – too many documentation for grant application

Knowledge and Capability Limitations Talent Limitation Know how and skill

sets Funding Insufficient research funds

Trust and demand from superior due to

high cost

Insufficient skilled discipline and integration for

automation system

Difficult to get materials and components

Budget to run robot club

Local manufacturer with lower

manufacturing cost

Price and ready deployment specific

to industryFundings

Expectations from consumers and

publics

Adhoc requests by government agencies Users’ Acceptance Limited Budget on

Funding

Less Research Grant

Perception of public that products from

overseas is of higher quality

Need more funding Robotics need advanced facilities

Lack of Testing Equipment

Lack of Testing Facilities

Expensive components

imported from overseas

Access to electronic components

Test Equipments Limited FundLack of commitment from top university

managementFunding Insufficient research

fund

Price of existing technology is

expensive

Local industry doesn’t need high level of

automation products currently

Poor exposure on interest in robotics

field

Unclear career path prevents creative

products produced by locals

Lack of recognition from international

communityCredibility

Source: Questionnaires

Issues Repository

Scattered and Uncoordinated

elements to develop conducive eco-system

Access to market

Insufficient co-ordination among IHL

and RIs to support industry development

Source: National Focus Group on

Robotics

Market too small (Source: Interview with VEPRO)

No incentive by government to encourage user/company apply

robotic, when compared to Singapore where 60% incentive to buy/apply robotic in their industry (Source:

Interview with Leeden)

Market share does not rapidly increase, out of 10 customer, 6 of

them are regular customer which are continue order for new robot. The rest

is new customer with zero skill in handling sophisticated robot, need to frequently educated , but order from this new customer too low (Source:

Interview with VEPRO)

Expensive spare-part (Source: Interview with Leeden)

Industry comments that Malaysia need to do something to improve the

technology otherwise we will be left behind by other players in the region

like Singapore and China (Source: Interview with VEPRO)

No skilled worker for maintenance in the event of breakdown, company cannot wait/delay/stop production

(Source: Interview with VEPRO)

Hired/dependent a lot to foreigner worker (Source: Interview with VEPRO)

Robotics Customers/Users lack of skills in handling sophisticated robot, need

to be frequently educated.(Source: Interview with Leeden)

Some SMEs has no budget to implement

local robotics solutions (Source: Interview with

CAIRO)

No robotics related standards (Pn Salwa

Denan)

No integrated value chain (Ir. Dr Mazlee)

Market Creation (Ir. Dr Mazlee)

Limited resources to have full fledged R&D

departments

Majority of SMEs are owner-managed

companies mostly find it difficult to invest

significantly in R&D

High development costs for prototypes

Limited collaboration between R&D institutes

and the industry

Need for revised standards and certification

Source: Presentation to the Malaysian Investment Development Authority “Enhancing the Development of the Machinery and Equipment (M&E) Industry in Malaysia, Frost

and Sullivan

Source: Visits to Industry

Source: Interview with Experts

•Market too small (Source: Interview with VEPRO)•No incentive by government to encourage user/company apply robotic, when compared to Singapore where 60% incentive to buy/apply robotic in their industry (Source: Interview with Leeden)

•Market share does not rapidly increase, out of 10 customer, 6 of them are regular customer which are continue order for new robot. The rest is new customer with zero skill in handling sophisticated robot, need to frequently educated , but order from this new customer too low (Source: Interview with VEPRO)

•Expensive spare-part (Source: Interview with Leeden)

Gap 1: Robotics Adoption in

Malaysia

•Currently in Malaysia no dedicated national robotics centre/agency to undertake activities and co-ordinate Malaysia’s Robotics Stakeholders

•Some SMEs has no budget to implement local robotics solutions (Source: Interview with CAIRO)

Gap 2: Robotics National Centre

•There is no integrated value chain from R&D System Integration Distribution Users• Industry comments that Malaysia need to do something to improve the technology otherwise we will be left behind by other players in the region like Singapore and China (Source: Interview with VEPRO)

Gap 3 : Integrated Value Chain

•No skilled worker for maintenance in the event of breakdown, company cannot wait/delay/stop production (Source: Interview with VEPRO)

•Hired/dependent a lot to foreigner worker (Source: Interview with VEPRO)•Robotics Customers/Users lack of skills in handling sophisticated robot, need to be frequently educated.(Source: Interview with Leeden)

Gap 4:Human Capital

•No adoption of robotics related standards to be Malaysian standard Gap 5: Standards

Gaps and Issues

• Japanese companies including Fanuc, Yaskawa Electric, and Kawasaki Heavy Industries command 50 percent of the global market, according to the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)

•South Korea has doubled the size of its robot sales since 2009 to 2.4 trillion won ($2.2 billion) in 2013. The country is working on service robots for health care and other markets.

Gap 1: Robotics Adoption

•Establishment of government agencies to perform robotics industry development from policy formulation, standardization activities, infrastructures and facilities to promoting R&D = KIRIA

• In Korea = KIRIA, Australia = Australia Centre of Field Robotics, US = US National Robotics Engineering Centre


•Japan’s Robot Revolution Initiative Council on May 15, Abe urged companies to “spread the use of robotics from large-scale factories to every corner of our economy and society.” Backed by 200 companies and universities, the five-year, government-led push aims to deepen the use of intelligent machines in manufacturing, supply chains, construction, and health care, while expanding robotics sales from 600 billion yen ($4.9 billion) annually to 2.4 trillion yen by 2020

Gap 3 : Integrated Value

Chain•Human capital redeployed to higher value tasks that robots can’t do•By 2025, Japan’s robots could shave 25 percent off factory labor costs (Boston Group Consulting)

Gap 4:Human Capital

•France, Germany, Japan, Korea, United Kingdom and the United States are main contributor in ISO committee TC184/SC2 “Robots and robotic devices” - http://www.eu-robotics.net/cms/upload/PDF/2010-07_euRobotics_Standardisation_Newsletter2.pdf Gap 5: Standards

Global Robotics Industry

Gap 1: Robotics’ Adoption in Malaysia

Export Performance (Thousand USD)2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Thailand 185 479 690 748 656 Malaysia 14,085 8,616 3,954 4,903 2,762 Indonesia 138 216 671 258 1,829 Taiwan 91,932 84,151 32,963 56,197 78,849 India 941 1,629 322 1,305 1,040 China 20,103 44,700 24,084 55,711 129,250

Import Performance (Thousand USD)2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Thailand 13,774 12,389 7,383 42,860 43,424 Malaysia 30,627 31,228 17,825 41,742 36,038 Indonesia 9,197 13,542 6,246 25,534 45,169 Taiwan 275,801 336,516 99,871 165,593 112,832 India 18,931 30,735 30,801 26,201 40,857 China 292,204 337,298 304,935 486,537 830,547

Source : Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan(International Federation of Robotics – IFR)

The situation is….. Malaysia’s Robotics Industry, huge gap between the import and export in 2011 where import exceeded export by more than $33 million indicates the huge demand that is not fulfilled by the local technology provider in the country.

In Malaysia, less than 5% of machinery used by manufacturing industry worth RM14 billion are from local technology. (Source: Statistics Department)

Robot Density in Malaysia is very low at 16.8 (averaged from 2007 – 2011 compared to South Korea at 437 )

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Thailand 9 12 14 18 25Malaysia 14 14 15 19 22Indonesia 4 6 7 10 15Taiwan 91 102 105 116 129India 0 1 1 1 1China 7 9 11 15 21

Number of Industrial Robots use per 10,000 Employees in the Manufacturing Industry

Low adoption of Robotics in Malaysia

Robotics Adoption in Malaysia


No incentive by government to encourage user/company apply robotic, when compared to

Singapore where 60% incentive to buy/apply robotic in their industry (Source: Interview with

Leeden)

Market share does not rapidly increase, out of 10 customer, 6 of them are regular customer which

are continue order for new robot. The rest is new customer with zero skill in handling sophisticated

robot, need to frequently educated , but order from this new customer too low (Source: Interview

with VEPRO)

Users’ Acceptance

Market Creation (Ir. Dr Mazlee)

Access to market

Gap 1 : Robotics Adoption in Malaysia

Robotics Adoption in Malaysia

Perception of public that products from overseas is of

higher quality

Expensive components imported from overseas

Access to electronic components

Price of existing technology is expensive

Local industry doesn’t need high level of automation

products currentlyExpensive spare-part

(Source: Interview with Leeden)Local market not ready for

automation

Difficult to get materials and components

Gap 1 : Robotics Adoption in Malaysia

Japanese companies including Fanuc, Yaskawa Electric, and Kawasaki Heavy Industries command 50 percent of the global market, according to the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)


Global

Malaysia

Gap 1 : Global vs Malaysia


Robotics National Centre

Currently in Malaysia no dedicated national robotics centre/agency to undertake

activities and co-ordinate Malaysia’s Robotics Stakeholders

Some SMEs has no budget to implement local robotics solutions (Source: Interview

with CAIRO)

Limited resources to have full fledged R&D departments

Scattered and Uncoordinated elements to develop conducive eco-system

Insufficient co-ordination among IHL and Ris to support industry development

Gap 2 : Robotics National Centre

Robotics National Centre

Robotics need advanced facilities

Lack of Testing Equipment

Lack of Testing Facilities

Test Equipments

Credibility

Insufficient facilities

Limited R&D

Gap 2 : Robotics National Centre

Establishment of government agencies to perform robotics industry development from policy formulation, standardization activities, infrastructures and facilities to promoting R&D = KIRIA

Currently in Malaysia no dedicated national robotics centre/agency to undertake activities and co-ordinate Malaysia’s Robotics Stakeholders Global

Malaysia

Gap 2 : Global vs Malaysis

Gap 2 : No Robotics National Centre

Ministry

Research Institutes/ Government Agencies

National Robotic Centre/ Agencies

Robotics Associations

Robotics Research/COEs

South Korea Malaysia

To establish the Korea Institute for Robot Industry Advancement as an institute to systematically promote various project for cultivating intelligent robot industry and support development of related policies

Establishment and development of policies, Statistics and actual situation survey, Support of International Cooperation and overseas expansion, Support Robot Manufacture, Quality Certification Project, Standard research, Development, Distribution and international standardization activities, Support SMES, Industrial technology development

To promote and strengthen the robotics industry in Korea, to protect its business interest, to cause public awareness about robotics technologies and to deal with other matters of relevance to its members

Research, development, use and international co-operation in the entire field of robotics, and to act as a focal point for organizations and governmental representatives in activities related to robotics

To contribute to the advancement of the robot industry by creating and developing the technologies for robot innovation and by offering and distributing them to relevant industries

KAIST has developed into one of the world’s leading research universities in education, science, and technology with students motivated to pursue excellence, distinguished professors committed to quality teaching and research, and state-of-the-art facilities to support technology innovation

Technology

Robotics StandardsHuman Capital

Korea Robotics Centre

Reference Model : Korea Institute for Robot Industry Advancement (KIRIA) - Established Korea Institute for Robot Industry Advancement (KIRIA)

to enhance the Korea Robot Industry

- KIRIA has so far promoted the Korean robot industry through robot policy formulation, robot information dissemination, standardization activities, and infrastructures. KIRIA is also responsible for constructing a national robot research and development center (Source: roboticbusinessreview.com)

- Established Intelligent Robot Development and Promotion Act

- Since 2012, Korean market has also promoted rapid growth and reached at the market size of $2b (Source: Robotworld Korea)

- Robot sales increased by 9% to 25500 units (IFR Press Release, Aug 2012)

- 2009 to 2012: - Robot sales increased from $940 million to $2 billion- Exports grew from $96 million to $590 million- Employment raised from 5,068 to 10,515 workers.

Gap 3: Integrated Value Chain

Integrated Value Chain

There is no integrated value chain from R&D System Integration Distribution Users

Industry comments that Malaysia need to do something to improve the technology otherwise

we will be left behind by other players in the region like Singapore and China (Source:

Interview with VEPRO)

R&D Costly Investment – Insufficient cash flow to support R&D

Research/ Commercialisation Funding (13 respondents)

Price and ready deployment specific to industryExpectations from consumers and publics

Some SMEs has no budget to implement local robotics solutions (CAIRO)

No integrated value chain (Ir. Dr Mazlee)

Limited collaboration between R&D institutes and the industry

Gap 3 : Integrated Value Chain

Value chain is a set of activities that a firm operating in a specific industry performs in order to deliver a valuable product or service for the market

Japan’s Robot Revolution Initiative Council on May 15, Abe urged companies to “spread the use of robotics from large-scale factories to every corner of our economy and society.”

Backed by 200 companies and universities, the five-year, government-led push aims to deepen the use of intelligent machines in manufacturing, supply chains, construction, and health care, while expanding robotics sales from 600 billion yen ($4.9 billion) annually to 2.4 trillion yen by 2020

There is no integrated value chain from R&D System Integration Distribution Users

Global

Malaysia


• Research Centres• Solutions Provider• Distributors• Academia

Robotics Stakeholders

• Limited collaboration between R&D institutes and the industry in Malaysia (Source: Frost and Sullivan)

Collaboration between Research Centres and

Industry

• Malaysia’s Distributors are mainly distributors for foreign products

• Low percentage of research being commercialized. • Difficulties in moving from a working prototype to sales

of a finished product

Commercialising Research Output

• The market needs to be educated in what robots can do, how they can be used, and how they can increase productivity

Market/Users’ Awareness

Study shows strong relationship between industry technology capabilities and alliances with

university. As such, in house R&D capacity is important for industry to benefit from collaboration with

universities

Openness of industry to collaborate with

universities as involve proprietary knowledge

exchange

Ensure industry knows the benefits of

collaboration

To avoid the perception of industry that universities and public institutes lack

of transparency and bureaucratic

Access to information on R&D by universities and research institutes

Industry especially of small and medium size with limited R&D facilities will see university as

opportunity for them to do R&D with their limited resources as

proved by the study in Malaysia as compared to large firms

STRATEGY

SITUATION Source:

University – Industry R&D Collaboration in the Automative, Biotechnology and Electronics Firms in Malaysia, Rajah Rasiah and Chandran Govindaraju

Research Prototype Integration and Customisation Distribution

After Sales/ Customer Support

HUMAN CAPITAL

STANDARDS

Service Robots

• Consumers• Education• Healthcare

Industrial Robots

• Manufacturing• Oil and Gas• Defense • Agriculture• SMEs

Research

Centres

Solutions

ProviderDistribut

or

Training Provider Academia

Standards Institution

Users/ Implement

er

TECHN

OLO

GY

Industry Stakeholder

Target :Integrated Value Chain

Solutions Provider : Ideally can be spin-offs or start ups from research centres 1 product = 1 companies

Integration and Customisation Distribution After Sales/ Customer

Support

HUMAN CAPITAL

STANDARDS

Service Robots

• Consumers• Education• Healthcare

Industrial Robots

• Manufacturing• Oil and Gas• Defense • Agriculture• SMEs

Research

Centres

Solutions

ProviderDistribut

or

Training Provider

Academia

Standards Institution

Users/ Implement

er

TECHN

OLO

GY

Industry Stakeholder

Research Prototype % research prototype

commercialized?

% local made robotics

solutions?

Import robotics solutions Distribution After Sales/ Customer Support

Importer and

Authorised Distributor

% foreign made robotics

solutions?

Frost and Sullivan Study◦ One of key challenges in Machinery and Equipment (M&E) Industry

(which includes Robotics and Factory Automation) is the industry consists of SMEs which limits the R&D efforts: ◦ Limited resources to have full fledged R&D departments◦ Majority of SMEs are owner-managed companies mostly find it difficult to invest

significantly in R&D◦ High development costs for prototypes◦ Limited collaboration between R&D institutes and the industry

Source:Presentation to the Malaysian Investment Development Authority “Enhancing the Development of the Machinery and Equipment (M&E) Industry in Malaysia, Frost and Sullivan

Gap 4: Human Capital

Human Capital

No skilled worker for maintenance in the event of breakdown, company cannot wait/delay/stop

production (Source: Interview with VEPRO)

Hired/dependent a lot to foreigner worker (Source: Interview with VEPRO)

Robotics Customers/Users lack of skills in handling sophisticated robot, need to be frequently educated.(Source: Interview with Leeden)

Insufficient Technical Manpower

Knowledge and Capability LimitationsKnow how and skill sets

Talent Limitation

Insufficient skilled discipline and integration for automation system

Poor exposure on interest in robotics field

Unclear career path prevents creative products produced by locals

Gap 4 : Human Capital

Human capital redeployed to higher value tasks that robots can’t do

No skilled worker for maintenance in the event of breakdown, company cannot wait/delay/stop production (Source: Interview with VEPRO)Global

Malaysia


Justification◦ One of key challenges in Machinery

and Equipment (M &E) Industry (which includes Robotics and Factory Automation) is difficulty in HR recruiting and development


Malaysia’s Robotics Education - CertificatesLevel Duration Theory Practical Remarks

Sijil Kemahiran Malaysia (Mechatronics) –P/T

SKM Level 3 1 year Once a week for 12 months OJT – 3 months Malaysian Institute of Technology Academy

Training and certification in hardware/software

Certificate MyRAIG

Industrial Robotics Simulation and Programming

Short Course 4 days (RM 2000)

Knowledge and method of robotics programming

GMI

Certificate in Industrial Robotics & Automation

Certificate 6 months 3 months theory OJT – 3 months Sarawak Skill Development Centre

Kursus Teknologi Mekatronik

Tahap 2 dan 3 ( Sijil Kemahiran Malaysia) & Sijil Teknologi Mekatronik ( Mechatronic Technology)

2 years Robotik, Elektronik, Elektrik,Pneumatik, Hydraulik, Pemesinan, Autocad, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Networking, Jigs and fixtures

Bengkel dan makmal

ILP KangarJuruteknik atau Juruteknik kanan

Sijil Teknologi Mekanik Industri

Sijil • Lukisan Teknikal• Pengukuran Bahan• Operasi Menggegas• Penyambungan Bahan• Operasi Pemesinan• Pemasangan Mesin• Penyenggaraan Mekanikal• Penyenggaraan Elektrik• Automasi Industri

Bengkel dan makmal

Juruteknik dan penyelia pengeluaran (production)(bench-fitting work), fabrikasi bahan, memasang dan menyenggara mesin dan peralatan, memotong dan membentuk bahan melalui proses-proses pemesinan, menyenggara kelengkapan pneumatik, elektro-pneumatik, hidraulik dan elektro-hidraulik, serta menyenggara kelengkapan PLC

Malaysia’s Robotics Education - Diploma

Duration Theory Practical Remarks

Diploma Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekatronik

3 years ADTEC

Advanced Diplomen in Mechatronic Eng Tech

JMTI

Electronics Product Development 3 years 3 months industrial training

Megatech

Diploma in Mechatronics Engineering

FT – 2.5 yrsPT – 4.5 yrs

90 credit hours

Final year project & industrial training

AIMST University

Diploma in Mechatronics Engineering

FT – 2.5 yrs OJT – 3 months Int College of Adv Tech S’wak

Diploma in Manufacturing Eng 3 years Industrial Training KKTM Kuantan

Malaysia’s Robotics Education - Degree

Duration Theory Practical Remarks

BEng Mechatronics Engineering Lectures/tutorials UCSI University

BEng Mechanical Engineering 4 years Lectures/tutorials Industrial Training, Lab, Projects

UCSI UniversityTaylors University

BEng Electrical & Electronic Eng Lectures/tutorials

Bachelor of Electrical Engineering Tech (Industrial Automation)

Lectures/tutorials UTHM

BEng Electronics majoring in Robotics an Automation

4 yrs Lectures/tutorials Projects, Industrial training MMU Melaka

BEng of Engineering (Robotics and Mechatronics) 4 yrs Lectures/tutorials Manage projects, entrepreneur, industry based learning (6 – 12 months)

Swinburne

BEng Electronics majoring in Robotics and Automation

4 yrs Lectures/tutorials Projects, Industrial training MMU

BEng industrial Automation and Robotics Lectures/tutorials Project, industrial training UNIKL-MFI

Beng Electrical and Engineering Technology (Industrial Automation and Robotics)

4 yrs Lectures/tutorials Industrial Training, Projects UTEM

South

Korea’s Huma

n Capi

tal

•Industrial – Academia Research Integration (industry oriented, industry-academia-research partnership)•Very specialized area for different institution – e.g: Chonnam National University pursuing robotics technology for new cancer treatment (The Quiet Giant of Asian Robotics: Korea – Robotics Review)•In 2008, established 5 years $1 billion program to build up 10000 human capital consisting on masters and doctoral degree in robotics and mechatronics•Global Alliance Program - collaboration with world leading universities to train experts in medical robotics•Lab Rotation Program – enable students to gain experiences in various research fields

Malaysi

a’s Huma

n Capital

• Practical Program prior to graduation for hands on industrial experience (average : 3 months for a 3 years degree course)

• Courses ranging from certificate level to PhD

• Courses offered by colleges and universities

• Establishment of robotics research and development centres such as:• Cent

re for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIRO)

• Center for Robotic and Industrial Automation (CeRIA) – UTeM

• Specialised research centres/lab• USM

Underwater Robotics Research

• CISIR – Biomedical and Image Analysis

• Exam oriented and Spoon Fed – lack of innovation and creative/critical thinking and decision making (Source: Transformative Robotic Education for the Realization of Malaysian National Philospohy of Education, UM)

USA’ Human Capital

• The roadmap for the workforce is as follows:• 5

years: Each public secondary school in the U.S. has a robotics program available after school. The program includes various informational and competitive public events during each session, and participants receive recognition comparable to other popular extra-curricular activities.

• 10 years: In addition to the 5-year goal, every 4-year college and university offers concentrations in robotics to augment many Bachelor’s, Master’s, and PhD degrees.

• 15 years: The number of domestic graduate students at all levels with training in robotics is double

Source:US Robotics Roadmap

Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_University_of_Science_and_Technology

Gap 5: Standards

Robotics Standards Development in

Malaysia

No adoption of robotics related standards to be

Malaysian standard

No robotics related standards (Pn Salwa

Denan)Need for revised standards and certification

Gap 5 : Standards

Source: http://www.eu-robotics.net/cms/upload/PDF/2010-07_euRobotics_Standardisation_Newsletter2.pdf

France, Germany, Japan, Korea, United Kingdom and the United States are main contributor in ISO committee TC184/SC2 “Robots and robotic devices”

No adoption of robotics related standards to be Malaysian standard

Global

Malaysia

Gap 5 : Standards

Source: http://www.eu-robotics.net/cms/upload/PDF/2010-07_euRobotics_Standardisation_Newsletter2.pdf

Justification◦ One of key challenges in Machinery and Equipment (M &E) Industry (which

includes Robotics and Factory Automation) is need for revised standards and certification

◦ Adherence to international standards is needed for companies seeking to be subcontractors for OEM manufacturers

◦ Malaysian M&E standards to focus more on quality of products in addition to safety requirements◦ Adopting international standards on safety and quality and modifying the same to develop Malaysian

standards◦ In addition to standard, also certification program by Robotics Industrial

Association (RIA) = Certified Robots Integrator◦ Identifies robotics solution provider as expert skilled in integration best practices

◦ Other standardization are EU Robot Ethics, South Korea Robot Ethics and Principles of Robotics from Japan


Published Standards related to Robotics

Source: www.iso.org

Global Standardization Activities in Robotics

IEEE Robo

tics and

Automati

on Socie

ty

•IEEE Robotics and Automation Society’s Standing Committee for Standards Activities (RAS-SCSA) is to formally adopt and confirm best practices in robotics and automation as standards. :

• promote common measures and definitions in robotics and automation• promote measurability and comparability of robotics and automation technology• promote integrity, portability, and reusability of robotics and automation technology

ISO TC

184 Auto

matic Syste

m and

Integration

•SC 2 Robots and robotic devices•WG 1 Vocabulary•WG 3 Industrial Safety•WG 7 Personal Care Safety (non-medical)•WG 8 Service Robots•JWG 9 Medical Robot Safety

Occupatio

nal Safety and Healt

h Administra

tion

•General Industry (29 CFR 1910)•1910 Subpart J, General environmental controls •1910.147, The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout) •1910 Subpart O, Machinery and machine guarding•1910.211, Definitions•1910.212, General requirements for all machines.•Guidelines For Robotics Safety. STD 01-12-002

Source: http://europeanrobotics12.eu/media/15087/1_Jacobs_Possibilities_to_contribute_to_ISO_standardisation.pdfhttps://www.osha.gov/SLTC/robotics/standards.html

Standardization in Canada Automotive Manufacturing

Standards to ensure vehicle production line accuracy and operability:◦ Motor Vehicle Safety Act◦ National Safety Mark (NSM)◦ Canada-US Regulatory Cooperation Council

As such, need to create system for auto manufacturers to meet these standard

Standard and Metrology Needs for Tele-operated Surgical Robotic Systems◦ Develop System to measure overall input/output motion performance of teleoperated surgical robots◦ Develop performance metrics to evaluate overall input/output motion of teleoperated surgical robots◦ Determine critical performance metrics for robotics surgical stimulators◦ Determine critical performance metrics of force and haptic feedback for surgical robotic systems◦ Develop communication and data standards to link surgical robotics with medical imaging systems

Robot Metrology and Calibration in Standardisation – Products and Services • IsiOS offers metrology products and services for high precision robot

applications. Develop software and sensor devices to enhance robot accuracy• IsiOS Standard Calibration – raises positioning accuracy of industrial robots up to average errors below 0.1mm• IsiOS Inline Calibration – keeps robot on maximum precision levels

• SABS – Offers certification and assessment – qualification scheme for metrology and calibration industry• ISO/TR 13309:1995 - Manipulating Industrial Robots –Informative Guide on test equipment and metrology

methods of operation for robot performance evaluation in accordance with ISO 9283

• National Metrology Institute of Japan• High Accuracy Angle Standard for use in Robotics

•Develop a rotary encoder angle self calibration system with world’s highest accuracy of 0.01” using equal division averaged method (Masuda- Kajitani method)