INDIRA GANDHI DELHI TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY FOR WOMEN

5G WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

FIRST YEAR PROJECT REPORT

JANUARY – JUNE

2015

Faculty Advisor: Dr. Kalpana Yadav

Submitted by:

Mansi Gupta (03804092014)

Priyanka Saxena (03904092014)

UNDERTAKING

Our work titled 5G Wireless Technology in this project report as part

of our First Year Project (January – June, 2015) under the guidance of

Dr. Kalpana Yadav (faculty advisor) is our original work to the best of

our knowledge and has not been submitted anywhere else.

Any work that is not our original has been duly and appropriately

referred by us by mentioning it in the “References” section.

Any academic misconduct and dishonesty found in regard to above or

otherwise shall be solely and entirely our project team’s responsibility.

In such a situation, we understand that a strict disciplinary action can be

undertaken against us by the concerned authorities of the University and

we shall abide by it.

Mansi Gupta Priyanka

Saxena

(February 3rd, 2015)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the work titled 5G Wireless Technology in

this project report as part of our First Year Project (January-June, 2015)

was conducted under my guidance and is an original work of the authors

to the best of my knowledge and has not been submitted anywhere else

without my knowledge.

Dr. Kalpana Yadav

Professor

Department of Information Technology

.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to express our sincere thanks to our guide and teacher in charge, Dr Kalpana Yadav, Professor of IT department, for her vital support, valuable guidance and for providing us with all the facilities and assisting us in times of need. We would also like to thank you, Ma’am, for giving us this opportunity to learn, explore, research and invent the necessary knowledge base that guides us towards the path of success and help us complete our presentation on our topic, of the FUTURE. Our sincere and heartfelt thanks. *********************************************************

CONTENTS

(Part 1)

1. Abstract

2. Introduction

a. Definitions

b. Objectives

3. Evolution from 1G to 5G

4. Conclusion & Future Prospects

5. References

ABSTRACT

5G Technology stands for 5th generation mobile technology. 5G denote the next major phase of mobile telecommunication standards beyond the upcoming 4G standards. 5G technology will change the way most high bandwidth users access their phones. With 5G pushed over a VOIP enabled device, people will experience a level of call volume and data transmission never experienced before. 5G technologies are offering the service in Product Engineering, Documentation, supporting electronic transactions, etc. As the customer become more and more aware of the mobile phone technology, he or she will look for a decent package all together including all the advanced features a cellular phone can have. Hence the search for new technology always the main motive of the leading cell phone giants to out innovate their competitors. The main purpose of the 5th generation wireless networks is planned to design the best wireless world that is free from limitations and hindrance of the previous generations. 5G technologies will change the way most high bandwidth users access their Mobile Radio Communication (MRC). The goal of a 5G based telecommunication network would ideally answer the challenges that a 4G model would present once it has entered widespread use. So, this paper represents, great evolution of 1G (First Generation) to 4G yield 5G, introduction to 5G technologies and why there is a need for 5G.

INTRODUCTION

We are living in modern science. We cannot think a single moment without science. Science makes our life easy and comfortable. Modern world is being compressed due to the development of science and its technologies. During the last few decades, the world has seen phenomenal changes in the telecommunications industry due to science and technology. We have different mobile and wireless communication technologies, which are mass deployed. Mobile terminals include variety of interfaces, such as GSM is one, which are based on old-fashioned circuit switching, the technology that is going into its last decade of existence. These technologies (mainly cellular generations) differ from each other based on four main aspects: radio access, data rates, bandwidth and switching schemes. These differences have been noticed in previous generations (1G, 2G, 2.5G and 3G etc.). In accordance to, we are exploring the most advance cellular technology, could be 5G.

1. DEFINITIONS The word ‘Wireless’ in dictionary, is defined as the connection of ‘no wires’. In networking terminology, wireless is the term used to describe any computer network where there is no physical wired connection between sender and receiver, but rather the network is connected by radio waves and or microwaves to maintain communications. Wireless networking utilizes specific equipment such as NICs and Routers in place of wires (copper or optical fiber). 5G Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile Technology. 5G technology has changed to use cell phones within very high bandwidth. 5G is a packet switched wireless system with wide area coverage and high throughput. 5G technologies use millimeter wireless that enables speed greater than 100Mbps at full mobility and higher than 1Gbps at low mobility. The 5G technologies include all types of advanced features which make 5G technology most powerful and in huge demand in the near future. The 5G technology provides the mobile phone users more features and efficiency. Up till now following features of the 5G technology have come to surface- High resolution

is offered by 5G for extreme mobile users, it also offers bidirectional huge bandwidth, higher data rates and the finest Quality of Service (QoS). The fifth generation communication system is envisioned as the real wireless network, capable of supporting Wireless World Wide Web (wwww) applications in 2015 to beyond time frame. There are two views of 5G systems: evolutionary and revolutionary. In the evolutionary view the 5G (or beyond 4G) systems will be capable of supporting the www allowing a highly flexible network such as a Dynamic Adhoc Wireless Network (DAWN). In this view, advanced technologies including intelligent antenna and flexible modulation are keys to optimize the adhoc wireless networks. In revolutionary view, 5G systems would be an intelligent technology capable of interconnecting the entire world without limits. An example application could be a robot with in-built wireless communication with artificial intelligence.

2. OBJECTIVES OF 5G

Superior Service Quality & User Experience: The focus is shifting towards

managing the delivery of high-quality services i.e. support service

center and user-centric management.

Reliable Connectivity Experience: An instant immediacy in mobile

services will lay the foundation for a whole new set of mobile apps to

proliferate and push the capabilities of communications beyond what is

currently possible.

Ability to handle Upsetting growth in Network Capacity: Server

workloads are growing by 10% a year. Network bandwidth demand is

growing by 35%. Storage capacity is growing by 50%. Power costs

growth is 20%. Throwing more capacity at demand is not a solution;

there is a need to optimize capacity in new ways.

EVOLUTION FROM 1G TO 5G

What are 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G technologies? 1G, 2G, 3G & 4G are the generations of wireless telecom connectivity. In 1945, the zero generation (0G) of mobile telephones was introduced. Mobile Telephone Service, were not officially categorized as mobile phones, since they did not support the automatic change of channel frequency during calls. To know about what 5G is, we first need to look at the previous generations of wireless technology that paved the way to the ultimate future.

1. 1G TECHNOLOGY

First Generation wireless technology (1G) is the original analog(An analog or analog signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature (variable) of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity), voice-only cellular telephone standard, developed in the 1980s. The main difference between two succeeding mobile telephone systems, 1G and 2G, is that the radio signals that 1G networks use are analog, while 2G networks are digital. Although both systems use digital signaling to connect the radio towers (which listen to the handsets) to the rest of the telephone system, the voice itself during a call is encoded to digital signals in 2G whereas 1G is only modulated to higher frequency, typically 150 MHz and up. Analog cellular service is being phased out in most places worldwide. 1G technology replaced 0G technology, which featured mobile radio telephones and such technologies as Mobile Telephone System (MTS), Advanced Mobile Telephone System (AMTS), Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS), and Push to Talk (PTT).

Features:

Developed in 1980s and completed in early 1990’s

1G was old analog system and supported the 1st generation of analog cell phones speed up to 2.4kbps

Advance mobile phone system (AMPS) was first launched by the US and is a 1G mobile system

Allows users to make voice calls in 1 country

Drawbacks:

Poor Voice Quality

Poor Battery Life

Large Phone Size

No Security

Limited Capacity

Poor Handoff Reliability

2. 2G TECHNOLOGY

2G is short for second-generation wireless telephone technology. Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland in 1991. 2G network allows for much greater penetration intensity. It provides the services such as text messages, picture messages and MMS

(multimedia messages). All text messages are digitally encrypted. This digital

encryption allows for the transfer of data in such a way that only the intended

receiver can receive and read it.

Second generation technologies are either time division multiple access (TDMA) or code division multiple access (CDMA). TDMA allows for the division of signal into timeslots. CDMA allocates each user a special code to communicate over a multiplex physical channel.

GSM technology was the first one to help establish international roaming. This enabled the mobile subscribers to use their mobile phone connections in many different countries of the world’s is based on digital signals, unlike 1G technologies which were used to transfer Analogue signals. GSM has enabled the users to make use of the short message services (SMS) to any mobile network at any time. SMS is a cheap and easy way to send a message to anyone, other than the voice call or conference. Features:

Commercially launched in Finland in

1991.

Data transfer speed is up to 64kbps.

Provide the services such as text

messages, picture messages and MMS

(multimedia messages).

2G technology is more efficient.

2G technology holds sufficient security for both the sender and the

receiver.

GSM has enabled the users to make use of the short message services

(SMS) to any mobile network at any time.

GSM was the first one to establish international roaming.

Drawbacks:

2G requires strong digital signals to help mobile phones work. If there is

no network coverage in any specific area, digital signals would weak.

These systems are unable to handle complex data such as Videos.

3. 2.5G TECHNOLOGY

2.5G is a technology between the second

(2G) and third (3G) generation of mobile

telephony. 2.5G is sometimes described as

2G Cellular Technology combined with

GPRS.

Features:

Phone Calls

Send/Receive E-mail Messages

Web Browsing

Speed : 64-144 kbps

Camera Phones

Take a time of 6-9 min. to download

a 3 min. Mp3 song

4. 3G TECHNOLOGY

International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT--2000), better known as 3G or 3rd Generation, is a generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunications services fulfilling specifications by the International Telecommunication Union.

The use of 3G technology is also able to transmit packet switch data efficiently at better and increased bandwidth. 3G mobile technologies prefer more advanced services to mobile users. The spectral efficiency of 3G technology is better than 2G technologies. Spectral efficiency is the measurement of rate of information transfer over any communication system. Features:

Transmission speeds from 125kbps to 2Mbps

Data are sent through technology called packet switching

Voice calls are interpreted using circuit switching

Fast Communication, Internet, Mobile T.V, Video Conferencing, Video

Calls, Multi Media Messaging Service (MMS), 3D gaming, Multi-Gaming,

etc. are also available with 3G phones.

Access to Global Roaming

Clarity in voice calls

Drawbacks:

Expensive fees for 3G Licenses Services

It was challenge to build the infrastructure for 3G

High Bandwidth Requirement

Expensive 3G Phones.

Large Cell Phones

5. 4G TECHNOLOGY

4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular wireless

standards. Network authentication feature has won the

trust of users, because the user can rely on its network as a reliable source of

transferring data. 3G technology is much flexible, because it is able to support

the 5 major radio technologies.

Features:

Mobile TV- a provider redirects a TV

channel directly to the subscriber's

phone where it can be watched.

Video on demand- a provider sends a

movie to the subscriber's phone.

Video conferencing- subscribers can

see as well as talk to each other.

Tele-medicine a medical provider

monitors or provides advice to the

potentially isolated subscriber.

Mobile ultra-broadband (gigabit speed) access and multi-carrier

transmission.

Drawbacks:

Battery uses is more

Hard to implement

Need complicated hardware

Expensive equipment required to implement next generation network.

6. 5G TECHNOLOGY

5G Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile technology. 5G technology has changed the means to use cell phones within very high bandwidth. User never experienced ever before such a high value technology. The 5G technologies include all type of advanced features which makes 5G technology most powerful and in huge demand in near future.

The gigantic array of innovative technology being built into new cell phones is stunning. 5G technologies which are on hand held phone offering more power and features than at least 1000 lunar modules. A user can also hook their 5G technology cell phone with their Laptop to get broadband internet access. 5G technology including camera, MP3 recording, video player, large phone memory, dialing speed, audio player and much more you never imagine. For children rocking fun Bluetooth technology and Pico nets has become in market.

Why there is a need for 5G, even though LTE provides wide range of growth for present wireless telecommunication. People are not in a circumstance to make use of those benefits in an effective manner. LTE might be rigorously used in Commercial/Industrial areas. But think of a common man who utmost utilize LTE for downloading a movie or making a video call. Fact is that there is no such ground-breaking application existing in real world to be utilized by a common man. You might doubt how this verdict is applicable for current innovative world, where we have enormous splendid real time applications. Concern is that our present wireless telecommunications is bottlenecked to use those applications in an effective manner. We just have to focus on how a 5G network can provide more approach to a common man to utilize his available possessions in an immense way to make him feel the real progress.

Features:

We are able to pay all our bills in a single payment with our mobile.

We are able to sense Tsunami/earthquake before it occurs.

We are able to visualize lively all planets and Universe.

We can lock our Laptop, car, Bike using

our mobile when we forgot to do so.

Our mobile can share our work load.

5G Mobile can identify the best server.

Mobile can perform Radio resource

management.

Our mobile can intimate us before the call

drops.

Mobile phones get cleaned by themselves.

We are able to fold our mobile as per our

desire.

We are able to expand our coverage using

our mobile phones.

We are able identify our stolen mobile with nanoseconds.

We are able to access our office desktop by being at our bedroom.

Mobile is able to suggest us possible medicine as per our healthiness.

Mobile can estimate the quality of our new build house.

Mobile is able to provide recent worth on products using its barcode.

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CONCLUSION & FUTURE PROSPECTS

5G technology is the future of technology that will change

the face of the world market entirely.

The new concept, the new innovation and the new spectrum

are all what will give rise to a technological revolution in the

world.

By 2020, the first 5G technology mobile will be brought in

the market.

Keep your eyes focused on the future prospect of the world

and be a part of something life altering.

Thank you…………………….

REFERENCES

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5G

http://www.slideshare.net/upadhyayniki/5-g-wireless-system

http://www.seminarsonly.com/computer%20science/5g-Wireless-System.php

http://www.ijarcsse.com/docs/papers/Volume_4/1_January2014/V4I1-0310.pdf

http://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jece/papers/Vol.%209%20Issue%203/Version-

1/O09318894.pdf

https://www.academia.edu/6443163/5G_Technology_of_Mobile_Communication_

A_Survey