WISENETWireless Sensor Network

BY G.JANAREDDY 08Q61A0569 IV CSE

Overview• Introduction• Design Goals• Design Methodology• Subsystems• Project Success• Future Extensions / Projects• Applications• Conclusion

Introduction

• Wireless Sensor Networks– One of MIT's 10 emerging technologies– Low-power systems– New applications: sensing, controls,

automation

• WISENET: Wireless Sensor Network– Office environment monitoring

• Temperature, humidity, light– Quantitively evaluate heating & A/C systems– Funding & support provided by Honeywell, Int'l.

HISTORY:• The technological drive for smaller devices using less power with greater functionality has created new potential applications in the sensor and data acquisition sectors.

• MIT even recognized wireless sensor networks and TinyOS as one of the ten emerging technologies that will change the future (Technology Review, 1 February 2003). “Wireless Sensor Networks for Habitat Monitoring”

Design Goals• Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS)

software & standard interfaces where applicable

– Apache web-server (HTTP)

– MySQL database

– PHP web programming language

• Simple, web-based user interface

• Battery-powered, wireless sensor nodes: 'motes'

• Low-power consumption = Long battery life

• Motes create self-organizing ('ad-hoc') networks for robust communications

Design Methodology• Top-Down Design Process:

– Define major subsystems

– Define subsystem interfaces

• Primary Subsystems:– Client

• Standard Web browser via Internet– Server– Wireless mote network

System Block Diagram

Subsystem – Server

WiseDB• Written in C++

– Utilizes open-source APIs• Application Programming Interfaces (API)• MySQL++ database API• Serial API

• Relays information from mote network to database

• Sends commands to mote network

– Written in PHP4

– Utilizes Charting Software: ChartDirector v3.0

– Generates 3 Graphs (default)

– Passes Parameters via HTTP GET• Use bookmarks for specific queries

– Retrieves Data for Specific Mote or All Motes

Web Program

Data Retrieval Form:

Web Program

Generated Graphs:

Web Program

Subsystem – Sensor Network

Block Diagram – Mote

Picture – Mote

Picture – Mote

Picture – Mote

TinyOS• Real-time operating system for microcontrollers

• Open-source project at UC Berkeley

• Key Features:– Developed for sensing applications– Emphasis on low-power: Idle & sleep modes– Highly modular architecture– Efficient utilization of resources

• Currently developed for Atmega microcontrollers

TinyOS

– Wisenet is partially operational• 2 Motes w/ prototype sensor boards

• TinyOS modified for CC1010

• Server running WiseDB + web interface

• Sensor boards are not currently powered by batteries.

– Problems with DC-DC converter

– Unable to test multi-hop routing due to lack of motes

Project Success

– Expand network to develop & test multi-hop routing

– Develop a single-board mote• Create a expandable, plug-in sensor interface

– Research alternative energy sources • Solar cell, rechargeable batteries

– Continue development of TinyOS• Improve tools• Optimize performance / reduce power usage

– Improve web interface• Data analysis

Future Projects / Extensions

– Lab / Office Monitoring– Natural Habitat Monitoring– Automation / Process Control

• Where wired sensors are impractical– Security Systems

• Intrusion detection & occupancy sensors– Extreme Weather Surveillance

• Think “Twister”– Potential Biomedical Applications

• Critical fall alert for the elderly– Military Reconnaissance

• Monitor battlefields, sensitive locations

Potential Applications

ADVANTAGES:The following bullet-points show the benefits of using Wisenet against traditional methods.

•Typically ¾ the cost of a walkthrough.

•Can monitor offices over 24 hours.

•Captures true maximum and minimum occupancy figures.

•Installed at weekends – no staff disruption.

•Utilization figures viewable the very next day over portal.

– WISENET: Wireless Sensor Network– Emerging technology that will change the world– Many real-world applications– Low-power– Open-source software– Modular mote application design (TinyOS)– Flexible server implementation– Simple user interface via the web

WISENET is a step to the future of wireless sensing technology.

Conclusion

REFERENCES:1. Atkinson. MySQL++: A C++ API for MySQL, vers 1.7.9, online posting. 12 Dec 2002.<http://www.mysql.com/downloads/api-mysql++.html>.

2. Gay, Levis, et al. The nesC Language: A Holistic Approach to Network Embedded Systems,online posting. To appear in Proceedings of Programming Language Design and Implementation(PLDI <http://today.cs.berkeley.edu/tos/papers/nesc.pdf>.

Questions?

THANK YOU