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PRESENTATION BY: AKASH R
3rd SEM MCA
CHINTECH
History
4G and Its Limitations
5G Concept
Key Technologies
Benefits
Applications
Conclusion
• In this presentation we will discuss 5G wireless systems, better known as 5th generation mobile technology.
• Mobile wireless industry had started its technology creation, revolution and evolution since early 1970’s.
• 5G wireless technology can change the way we use wireless gadgets by providing very high bandwidth.
• The 5G should be featured with intelligent technology that interconnects the entire world without limits.
• 5G introduces a whole new concept of multi-path data path scheme for a real wireless world, a complete wwww.
• Thus, 5G should add a number of added advantages over the present 4G technology.
1G: were designed to offer a single service, i.e., speech.
2G:were also designed primarily to offer speech with a
limited capability to offer data at low rates.
3G:are expected to offer high-quality multi-media services
and operate in different environments.
4G:dynamic information access ,variable devices.
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At the end of the 1940’s, the first radio telephone service was introduced, and was designed to users in cars to the public land-line based telephone network.
In the 1960’s, a system launched by Bell Systems, called, Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS), brought quite a few improvements such as direct dialing and more bandwidth. The very first analog systems were based upon IMTS and were created in the late 60s and early 70s.
0G
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1G was an analogue system, and was developed in the 70’s. 1G had two major improvements, this was the invention of the micro-processor, and the digital transform of the control link b/w the phone and the cell site. AMPS was 1st launched by the us and is a 1G mobile system based on FDMA, it allows users to make voice calls in country.
1G
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2G
2G devices using GSM were 1st used early of 90’s in Europe. GSM provides voice and limited data service , and uses digital modulation for improved audio quality. The development of 2G cellular system was driven by the need to improve
>transmission quality. >system capacity. >coverage
2G uses the standards such as
>GSM >DAMPS >CDMA
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3G3G technology adds multimedia facilities to 2G devices by allowing video, audio, and graphics applications over 3G devices. You can watch streaming video or have video telephony
3G networks provide the ability to transfer voice data and non- voice data over the same network simultaneously
3G networks deliver broadband capacity and support greater numbers of voice and data customers at lower incremental costs than 2G.
Standards: - W-CDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
- EVDO: Evolution-Data Optimized
4G technology refer to or short name of fourth Generation which was started from late 2000s.
Capable of providing 100Mbps – 1Gbps speed. One of the basic term used to describe 4G is MAGIC.
MAGIC: » Mobile Multimedia» Anytime Anywhere» Global Mobility Support» Integrated Wireless Solution» Customized Personal Services» Also known as Mobile Broadband Everywhere.
4G
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4GHigh network capacity: more simultaneous users per cell
A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
Standards :>LTE Advanced>WirelessMAN-Advanced>WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e)
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FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access
Each phone call is allocated one frequency for the entire duration of the call
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TDMA - Time Division Multiple Access
Each phone call is allocated a spot in the frequency for a small amount of time, and "takes turns" being transmitted
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CDMA –Code Division Multiple Access
Form of multiplexing
Does not divide up the channel by time or frequency
Encodes data with a special code associated with each channel
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a radio platform technology that will allow operators to achieve even higher peak throughputs than HSPA+ in higher spectrum bandwidth.
The overall objective for LTE is to provide an extremely high performance radio-access technology that offers full vehicular speed mobility and that can readily coexist with HSPA and earlier networks. Because of scalable bandwidth, operators will be able to easily migrate their networks and users from HSPA to LTE over time.
LTE assumes a full Internet Protocol (IP) network architecture and is designed to support voice in the packet domain.
LTE
Is a wireless communication standard designed to provide 30 to 40Mbps data rates. With the 2011 update providing up to 1Gbps for fixed stations.
The name wimax was created by the wimax forum, which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformity and interoperability of the standard
The forum describes wimax as a standard –based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL
World Interoperability for Microwave Access There are two main applications of WiMAX:
– Fixed WiMAX (IEEE 802.16-2004) - Fixed WiMAX applications are point-to-multipoint enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL for homes and businesses.
– Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e-2005) - Mobile WiMAX offers the full mobility of cellular networks at true broadband speeds.
1G DRAWBACKS
Poor voice quality
Poor battery life of devices
Large device size
No security
Frequent call drops
Limited n/w capacity
Poor hand off reliability
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2G DRAWBACKS
The GSM is circuit switched, circuit oriented technology,
where the end systems are dedicated for entire call session.
This causes inefficiency in usage of band width and
resources
The GSM enabled systems do not support high data rates
They are unable to handle complex data such as video
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3G DRAWBACKS
High band width requirement
High spectrum licensing fee
Huge capital
Power consumption is high
Difficulty of CDMA to provide higher data rates
Need for continuously increasing data rate and bandwidth to meet the multimedia requirements
Limitation of spectrum and it’s allocation
Inability to roam between different services
To provide a seamless transport end-to-end Mechanism
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>Battery uses is more
>Hard to implement
>Need complicated hardware
>Expensive equipment required to implement next generation network.
4G VS 5G
substantial growth in overall number of subscribers
massive demand of new data services which can be either data,audio,image or video
Difficult to move and interoperate due to different standards hampering global mobility and service portability
WHY 5G IS REQUIRED
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WHY 5G IS REQUIRED>These factors are enough to cause a substantial bottle neck in cellular
communication system
>Through the projected data rate around 100Mbps in 4G.Actual data rate is slower.
>Data service like multimedia are going to play modest role and will dominate the cellular traffic instead of voice in future in such scenario the present 2G and 3G system will saturated and will have no room to survive.
>Demand for increasing data rate leads to higher band width requirement.
WHAT IS 5G...?
Fifth Generation Communication (5G)4G4G
5G (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems) denotes the next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the current 4G/IMT-Advanced standards. 5G is also referred to as beyond 2020 mobile communications technologies.
5G networks are projected to provide speeds above 1 Gbps.
2G2G
3G3G
1G1G
0G0G
5G5G
>5G envisions to design a real wireless world, that is free from obstacles of the earlier generations.
>This requires an integration of networks.
>5G aims to design a Multi-Bandwidth Data Path by integrating the current and future networks for new network architecture of 5G real wireless world.
Vision of 5G
Integration of different networks to attain a Multi-bandwidth data path.
Key Concepts of 5G
Real wireless world with no more limitation with
access and zone issues.
Wearable devices with AI capabilities.
Internet protocol version 6(IPv6).
One unified global standard.
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Basic Architecture of 5G
5G Mobile Phone Concept
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The 5G terminals will have software
defined radios and modulation schemes as well as new error-control
schemes that can be downloaded from the Internet. The development is
seen towards the user terminals as a focus of the 5G mobile networks.
The terminals will have access to different wireless technologies at the
same time and the terminal should be able to combine different flows
from different technologies.
Basic Architecture of 5G
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OSI Layers in the 5G Mobile Terminal Design
PHYSICAL LAYER :Physical and Medium Access Control layers i.e. OSI layer 1 and OSI layer 2, define the wireless technology. For these two layers the 5G mobile networks is likely to be based on Open Wireless Architecture(OWA). NETWORK LAYER:
• All mobile networks will use mobile IP
• Each mobile terminal will be FA (Foreign Agent)
• A mobile can be attached to several mobiles or wireless networks at the same time
• Separation of network layer into two sub-layers:
(i) Lower network layer (for each interface)
(ii) Upper network layer (for the mobile terminal)
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• Wireless network differs from wired network regarding the transport layer
• In all TCP versions the assumption is that lost segments are due to network congestion
• 5G mobile terminals have transport layer that is possible to be downloaded & installed – Open Transport Protocol (OTP)
Open Transport Protocol (OTP):
Application (service) Layer:
Provides Quality of Service (QoS)
QoS parameters, such as, delay, losses, BW, reliability, will be stored in DB of 5G mobile
Presentation layer + Application layer = Application
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Where we are.......On 12 May 2013, Samsung Electronics stated that they have developed the world's first "5G" system. The core technology has a maximum speed of tens of Gbit/s (gigabits per second). In testing, the transfer speeds for the “5G” network sent data at 1.056 Gbit/s to a distance of up to 2 kilometres.with the use of an 8*8 MIMO
In July 2013, India and Israel have agreed to work jointly on development of fifth generation (5G) telecom technologies.
On 1 October 2013, NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone), the same company to launch world first 5G network in Japan,
On 6 November 2013, Huawei announced plans to invest a minimum of $600 million into R&D for next generation 5G networks capable of speeds 100 times faster than modern LTE networks
On 8 May 2014, NTT DoCoMo start testing 5G mobile networks with Alcatel Lucent, Ericsson, Fujitsu, NEC, Nokia and Samsung.At the end of September 2014, Dresden university inaugurates a 5G laboratory in partnership with Vodafone
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5G Hardware
Uses UWB (Ultra Wide Band) networks with higher BW at low energy levels
BW is of 4000 Mbps, which is 400 times faster than today’s wireless networks
Uses smart antenna
UWB (Ultra Wide Band)
Uwb is an advanced transmission technology that can be used in the implementation of 4G network . The secret to uwb is that it is typically detected as noise . This highly kind of noise does not cause interference with current radio frequency devicesBut it can be decoded by another device that recognizes uwb and can reassemble it back to a signal. It uses a frequency b/w 3.1 to 10.6 GHz.Uwb uses frequency from high to low. There by passing through objects like sea or layers of rocks , nevertheless because of the weakness of the signal
Smart Antennas
Multiple “smart antennas” can be employed to help find, tune, and turn up signal information. Since the antennas can both “listen” and “talk,” a smart antenna can send signals back in the same direction that they came from. This means that the antenna system cannot only hear many times louder, but can also respond more loudly and directly as well.
There are two types of smart antennas:-
1.SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNA
Switched beam systems have several available fixed beam patterns.A decision is made as to which beam to access, at given point in time, based up on the requirements of system.
2.ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNA
It represent the most advanced smart antenna approach to date using a variety of new signal processing algorithms to locate and track the user, minimize interference, and maximize intended signal reception.
5G Software• 5G will be single unified standard of different wireless
networks, including LAN technologies, LAN/WAN, WWWW- World Wide Wireless Web, unified IP & seamless combination of broadband
• Software defined radio, encryption, flexibility
BENEFITS OF 5G TECHNOLOGY
High Speed, High Capacity 5G technology providing large broadcasting of data in Gbps . Multi - Media Newspapers, watch T.V programs with the clarity
as to that of an HD Quality. Faster data transmission that of the
previous generations. Large Phone Memory, Dialing Speed,
clarity in Audio/Video. Support interactive multimedia , voice,
streaming video, Internet and other 5G is More Effective and More Attractive.
5G Scenarios Super real-time
and reliable connections
Amazingly fast
Great Service in a crowd
Ubiquitous things communicating
Best experience follows you
delay, reliability
bit-rate,delay Accessibility,
dense crowds
simple devices, coverageAccessibility,
mobility
5G INFRASTRUCTURE
Traffic Control
Telemedicine
Traffic Control during Disaster
……….
Entertainment services
5G IN NORMAL LIFE
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Traffic Control
Some major cities have deployed cameras on traffic
lights and send those images back to a central
command centre . This is generally done by using
fibre . Which limits where the cameras can be hung .
I.e. no fibre no camera. 5g network allows cities to
deploy cameras and backhaul them wirelessly .
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. . . The use of electronic information and communications technologies to provide and support health care when distance separates the participants.
Paramedic assisting a victim of a traffic accident in a remote location could access medical records and establish a video conference that a remotely based surgeon could provide “0n scene “ assistance .
Telemedicine
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Telemedicine
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Traffic Control during Disaster
If a hurricane hits the coast and cars start
driving south-east, 5g n/w can allow officials to access traffic
control boxes to change inland traffic lanes to green. Instead of
having to send officers to every box on the roads being
overwhelmed by civilians who are evacuating. It can be done
remotely and dynamically.
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TRAFFIC CONTROL DURING DISASTER
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Applications of 5G
• Wearable devices with AI (Artificial Intelligence) capabilities
• 5G i-phones
• Pervasive (Global) networks
• Media independent handover
• Radio resource management
• VoIP (Voice over IP) enabled devices
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Mobile rings according to your mood...
You can get an alert from your mobile when some
once opens your intelligent car.
Able to visualize lively all planets and universe.
Can fold your mobile as per your desire.
Can access your office desktop by being at your bedroom.
Applications of 5G
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1G WIRELESS SYSTEM 2G WIRELESS SYSTEMS
MODELS OF WIRELESS SYSTEM
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4G WIRELESS SYSTEM
3G WIRELESS SYSTEM
Cont….
5G WIRELESS SYSTEM
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Large diversity of
Use cases &
Requirements
Device-to-Device Communications
Car-to-Car Comm.
New requirements and characteristics due to
communicating machines
Avalanche of
Traffic Volume
Further expansion of mobile broadband
Additional traffic due to communicating machines
“1000x in ten years”
Massive growth in
Connected Devices
“Communicating machines”
“50 billion devices in 2020”
5G Challenges
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As the history of mobile communications shows,
attempts have been made to reduce a number of
technologies to a single global standard. Projected 5G
systems offer this promise of a standard that can be
embraced worldwide through its key concept of
integration. Future wireless networks will need to support
diverse IP multimedia applications to allow sharing of
resources among multiple users..
CONCLUSION
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• 5G- User Centric
• The new coming 5G technology will be available in the market at affordable rates, high peak future & much reliability than preceding technologies
• 5G - a promising Generation of wireless communication that will change people’s lives.
CONCLUSION
Thank You ... any queries please...
Reference1).Frattasi, S. Fathi, H. Fitzek, F.H.P. Prasad, R. Katz,“Defining 4G technology from the users perspective” IEEE, Jan.Feb. 2006, Volume: 20, Issue: 1, pp 35412).X. P. Costa and H. Hartenstein. “A Simulation Study on the Performance of Mobile IPv6 in a WLANbased Cellular Network, Computer Networks”, 40(1):191–204,September 2002.3).4GAdvanced wireless communication, Savo g. Glisic,2nd edt, john willy & sons ltd4). www.India times.com5). www.3g4gblogspot.com6). www.4G.co.uk7)www.google.co.in
