3D Printers

3-D BIOPRINTERSYESTERDAYS FICTION…..

TODAY’S REALITY…..

REHAN FAZAL

CONTENTS..

INTRODUCTION TO 3D PRINTERS

WORKING OF 3D PRINTERS

BIO PRINTERS

APPLICATIONS

NEED OF BIOPRINTERS

FUTURE PROJECTS

LOOPHOLES

CONCLUSION

3-D PRINTER..TRUE ??

Additive manufacturing or 3D printing is a process of making a three-dimensional solid object of virtually any shape from a digital model.

3D printing is achieved using an additive process, where successive layers of material are laid down in different shapes.

The first working 3D printer was created in 1984 by Chuck Hull of 3D Systems Corp.

HOW IT WORKS..???

Part I: The Frame

Part II: The Y-Axis

Part III: The X-Axis

Part IV: The Z-AxisPart V: The ExtruderPart VI: The Build Platform

Part VII: The Electronics

MATERIAL USED..

SOFTWARE USED…

Bioprinter Yesterday’s Science Fiction is Becoming Today’s Reality in the Medical

Field

/

Image still of characters using supposed “Dermal Regenerator” to

heal a cut from an episode of popular Science Fiction series

“Star Trek”

Photo of Organovo scientist working with the company’s “NovoGen” bioprinter

http://www.gizmag.com/3d-bio-printer/13609/

-Uses common inkjet printer technology to spray new skin tissue onto burn wounds instead of grafting skin

-Patient’s own healthy cells used to create new skin -Computer uses scanner to create 3D map of wound

-Printer sprays skin cells directly onto patient’s wound

-Printer could soon be specially modified to be mounted above patient’s bed for use in hospitals

Skin BioPrinter

Skin Bioprinter

Plans for a human sized skin printer

Photo of current skin bioprinter model

http://inhabitat.com/skin-cell-spraying-bio-printer-can-heal-burn-victims-in-three-weeks/

http://singularityhub.com/2010/11/04/wake-forest-could-print-you-some-new-skin/




Application-A camera uses a laser to scan the wound, creating a 3D model

-Skin is made up of different layers which contain various types of skin cells

-The computer tells the printer which cells to print where for precise application

Plans for a human sized skin printer

Digital 3D model of wound

Example of laser scanning processhttp://inhabitat.com/skin-cell-spraying-bio-printer-can-heal-burn-victims-in-three-weeks/


http://www.psfk.com/2010/08/future-of-health-bio-medical-printing.html




How It Works-Tissue is printed in alternating layers of biopaper and bioink

-Gelatin-like biopaper is biodegradable and mimics a normal cell environment to support the bioink

-Bioink droplets are made up of the actual cells, which are printed in specific patterns to create the intended structure

-Over time the biopaper dissolves and the individual bioink droplets fuse together to create new tissue

Digital rendering of bioprinting process at cellular level with biopaper and bioink

http://forgacslab.missouri.edu/bioprinter.html

http://forgacslab.missouri.edu/bioprinter.html

Beyond Skin-Scientists are working hard to develop systems to not only print flat tissue, but also blood vessels and organs

-The current leaders in the field are companies Organovo and Invetech, which have partnered up to produce the first commercial 3D bioprinter

-Advanced models of the bioprinter and newly developed systems allow for more complex and precise printing methods and possibilities

-Biological material is able to self organize with use of stem cells

Sample rendering of possible model for 3D bioprinter

http://www.wired.com/rawfile/2010/07/gallery-bio-printing/

-The skin bioprinter has already been successful in treating burns on mice

-The 3D bioprinter is already capable of growing arteries

-Creators claim that these “printed” arteries could be used in heart bypass surgery in as little as 5 years

-More complex organs should be possible in the next 10 years

-Careful trials already being conducted over the years

Advancements and Possibilities

Progress comparison of burn healing rates in mice experiments

Petri dish containing a vein produced by bioprinter


http://www.wired.com/rawfile/2010/07/gallery-bio-printing/5/

Future Potential

-If successful, could reduce or eliminate need for donor organs

-Virtually eliminate rejection

-Repair or replace any organ

-May become the newest tool in hospitals

Issues-Much research and testing still required for human application

-Many burn victims may not have time to wait for own cells to be grown

3D bioprinter diagram

http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2029497_2030617_2029812,00.html

LINK-http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=9D749wZSlb0

Technology

3D Printers