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Presentation by Dr. C.S.P. Patil Executive Director, Green Foundation At the At the National Colloquium on System of Crop Intensification (SCI) Held in Patna, Bihar on March 1, 2011
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Experience of System of Crop Intensification (SCI) in Finger Millet
Dr. C.S.P. PatilExecutive Director, GREEN Foundation
Presentation to SCI National Colloquium,Patna, Bihar, March 1, 2011
Introduction• Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is an important staple food and fodder
crop, next in importance to rice, in southern Karnataka.• This ‘poor people’s crop’ is undergoing a change in its status due to its
nutritional values.
• Popularly known as ragi in local language, this grain is used to prepare ragi
muddhe, roti, malt, papad, dosa, etc. • In Karnataka, 95% of dryland cultivated area is under finger millet.
System of cultivation Finger millet is being cultivated both as: 1) Rainfed crop, and 2) Irrigated crop• Rainfed crop is raised in Kharif season by sowing seeds with the help
of seed drill or by broadcasting; usually it is used as a base crop in a mixed cropping system with other food crops like field bean, cowpea, niger, fodder sorghum, red gram, mustard, and castor
• Average yield under rainfed condition: 5–8 quintals/acre (1.25-2 t/ha)• Under irrigated situations, 25–30 day-old seedlings, which are raised
in a seed bed, are transplanted (2-3 seedlings/hill) in the main field in rows with spacing of 1- 1 ½ feet apart. Yield under irrigated conditions can be up to 10–15 q/acre (2.5-3.75 t/ha)
SCI in Finger Millet• Similar to SRI, a system called ‘Guli’
method, i.e., SCI, was adopted for finger millet in Haveri district of Karnataka.
• The method is being popularized in other areas for finger millet. Best suited for areas with irrigation facilities and also in relatively high rainfall areas.
• 12 day-old seedlings, grown sparsely in the seed bed, are used for transplanting (1 seedling per hill) with a spacing of 1 ½ x 1 ½ feet.
• To increase the tillering number, 5 to 7 intercultivations (with Yedekunte), passing a wooden plank over the crop around 25 days after transplanting is being practiced.
• Average grain yield recorded under this system is 15-20 q/acre (3.75-5 t/ha).
• Test weight of grains is high as compared to other systems of cultivation, and there is a reduction in chaffyness.
Comparison between Different Ragi cultivation methods
CONVENTIONAL METHODS GULI RAGI METHOD
10 kg /acre ragi seeds required for sowing
1 kg/acre ragi seeds is enough
Yield about 8 to 10 quintals/acre Yield about 18 to 20 quintals/acre
0.75 foot distance between rows 1.5 feet distance between rows
Disease attacks more Less attacks of disease
Seed drill (Koorige) sowing Transplanting
5 cartloads of grass for every acre 1 cartload of grass
More use of chemicals Use of organic manure only
Tillering 4-6 and less number of ear heads (panicles)
40-80 tillers and more number of ear heads (panicles)
Mono cropping Horse gram can be grown as intercrop
No use of koradu for leveling the land
Use of koradu (leveler)
Good quality of seed selected for sowing
Thank you