033 esha seal 2c

24/06/2014 Author: Dr. Zhao Su Page 1

EshaSeal 2C

Research on Alternatives

for Tar-containing Antiskid Surface


Background Information

Concerning the health risk and environmental impact, The Dutch law legislation on

construction materials came to effect:

• Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons content < 75mg/m²/100 years since 1999

• Exception made on airfield pavements (antiskid surfaces) till 2013

As a result, effort has been made to find an alternative antiskid surface for airports:

• A CROW working group established (specifications)

• Research activities

A. van Leest (CROW) at the early of 2000

Any existing surface constructions meet the national environmental legislation

and are qualitatively comparable with Antiskid surface? - NO!

X. Yue (PhD candidate at TUD) – 2009 / 2013

Alternatives for tar-containing antiskid surface (MBE / MER / EMB) - Yes! Stellingen 2: Bitmen gemodificeerd met een tweecomponenten epoxy kan het

beste alterntief zijn voor teerhoudende antiskid lagen.

EshaSeal 2c results both from TUD and Icopal RD centre are presented and discussed.


Outline

• Background Information

• Development of An Alternative Antiskid Binder – EshaSeal 2C

• Properties of the Antiskid binder

* Strength and strain development

* Relaxation

* Rheology

* Ageing resistance (UV and high temperature ageing)

* Water-vapour permeability

* Fuel resistance

• Properties of the Antiskid Surface

* Surface texture

* Adhesion and shear strength between asphalt and the antiskid layer

* Construction of the antiskid test section

* Field skid resistance test (by Sarsys Surface Friction Tester)

• Other Application cases

• Conclusions


Epoxy Chemistry

Stiffer Epoxy

Flexible Epoxy

Polymerisation


Alternative Antiskid Binder – EshaSeal 2C


Test Results

* Strength and strain development;

* Stress relaxation property;

* Rheological property;

* Adhesion property;

* Texture of antiskid surface;

* Water - vapour permeability;

* VU- and temperature resistance;

* Fuel resistance;

* Skid resistance.

By Yue Xiao


Strength and Strain Development – by Yue Xiao


Stress Relaxation – by Yue Xiao

Temperature (ºC) Binder A1 (%) Binder A2 (%) Binder A3 (%)

0 28.72 42.33 72.51

10 42.03 73.39 91.35

20 80.40 94.69

The relaxation behaviour of 3 types of epoxy bitumen mixtures


Rheological Property (Master Curve) – by Yue Xiao


Effect of Ageing on the Strength & Strain


Effect of Ageing on the Rheological Property – by Yue Xiao


Water-Vapour Permeability


Fuel resistance - 1 Test Results – Visual Examination

Diesel with highly modified bitumen

Diesel with EshaSeal 2C

Samples after 24 hours immersion

highly modified bitumen

EshaSeal 2C

Colour Black

Colour Unchanged Form Unchanged

Form Deformed


Fuel resistance - 2

Test Results – Weight Loss

Sample Weight Before (g) Weight After (g) Weight Loss (FA in %)

Seal 2C -1 41,22 41,21 0,03

Seal 2C -1 41,45 41,45 0,00

Seal 2C -1 40,98 40,96 0,05

Modified Bitumen 27,05 25,28 6,54

After the immsersion test (before weighing):

•Seal2C samples were wiped out with tissues.

•Modified bitumen was so soft, kept untouched (thus the weigt including diesel film on the surface).


Fuel resistance - 3

Test Results – Strength & Strain

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Ten

sile

Str

engt

h (

MPa

)

Tensile Strain (%)

Refence Fuel Treated

Sample Diesel Treated Seal 2C Untreated Seal 2C FA (%)

Strength (MPa) 4,76 4,66 +2,15

Strain (%) 79,53 74,43 +6,85

Very identical results achieved (average of 3 tests)


Properties of Antiskid Surface

Texture

The measured texture depth is 1.81 mm >1.25 mm specified

10 cm

Core has been taken out


Bonding Strength – by Yue Xiao


Construction of Antiskid Surface


Constructed Antiskid Surface



Skid resistant measurement (SSFT )



Skid resistant results


Other Applications - 1

Antiskid Surface on Recycled-PE and Concrete Bridge



To glue materials on asphalt (rubber, steel, concrete)



Acid resistant asphalt


Conclusions

1. EshaSeal 2C is a Cold-applied product and technology with super workability.

2. EshaSeal 2C is a visco-elastic binder, demonstrating fast strength development, good relaxation

behaviour and excellent rheological properties, it has much higher strength and strain value, as well as

less susceptible to temperature (low phase angle, particularly at low and high frequency) as compared

with modified bitumen binder.

3. EshaSeal 2C is temperature- and UV-ageing resistant. The high temperature ageing has a positive

influence on the tensile strength and strain development, probably due to the fact that the high

temperature promotes the epoxy to react to a more mature degree. This finding also applies to UV

ageing, in which the temperature is maintained at 50ºC.

4. Excellent adhesion strength to various substrates. The adhesion strength between EshaSeal 2C

antiskid layer and asphalt is remarkable higher than the tensile strength of the asphalt itself.

5. EshaSeal 2C is more water-vapour permeable than bitumen and modified bitumen binder.

6. Excellent fuel resistance

7. EshaSeal 2C antiskid surface shows excellent friction values, much higher the design objective

(conception level) by NATO STANAG 3634 and ICAO Annex 14.

In general, EashSeal 2C is a strong and flexible binder, the EshaSeal 2C antiskid surface fulfils all the

requirements of the specification, such as the macro-texture, adhesion/shear strength and excellent

skid resistance shown by the field test. The fuel and chemical resistance has to be tested further.


Acknowledgements

Authors like to express their gratitude to:

Dr. Xiao for his permission to present part of his PhD research results at TU Delft.

Frans Nooren BV for construction of the antiskid test section at Airbase Woensdrecht.


Thank you for your attention!

Technology

033 esha seal 2c