Seminar On

4G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

TOPIC:4G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NAME:SHUBHAM ROY DEPARTMENT:ECE CLASS ROLL NO.:45

WBUT ROLL NO.:14800313068 SEMESTER:SIXTH YEAR:THIRD

CONTENTS:- INTRODUCTION TO 4G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVE History of wireless communication

Featues and drawbacks of First Generation (1G) Technology Featues and drawbacks of Second Generation (2G) Technology Featues and drawbacks of Third Generation (3G) Technology

GENERATIONS TIMELINE Motivation of 4G Technology before 3G has been deployed ? What is 4G? What are 4G Standards ? Features of 4G TECHNOLOGY Technology used in 4G

FEATURES OF OFDM TECHNOLOGY(ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING) FEATURES OF SMART ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY FEATURES OF ULTRAWIDE BAND(UWB)

ADVANTAGES OF 4G TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS OF 4G TECHNOLOGY Limitations Of 4G Technology CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGMENT REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION TO 4G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION:-Our ultimate goal is to communicate with any type of information with

anyone, at anytime, from anywhere. This is possible with the aid of WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY

4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular wireless standards. It is a successor to 3G and 2G technologies.

It will be a fully IP based integrated system capable of providing between 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps in both indoor and outdoor with premium quality and high security.

4G technologies are sometimes referred to the acronym “MAGIC”.

OBJECTIVE-

4G is being developed to accommodate the Quality of Service (QOS) and rate requirements set by forth coming applications like:-1. MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service).2. Wireless Broadband Service.3. Video Chat.4. Mobile TV.5. Digital Video Broadcasting.6. High Network Capacity.

History of Wireless Communication:-

Features of First Generation (1G) Technology:- Developed in 1980s and completed in early 1990s. Based on FDMA. Upto 9.6 Kbps. Simplest type of wireless data communication. Average rate beyween 4800 to 9600 bps.

DRAWBACKS OF 1G:- 1G poor voice quality. No security. Limited capacity. Poor battery life for 1G devices. Large phone size for 1G systems. 1G wireless device

(larger phone size)

Second Generation (2G)- Due to drawbacks of 1G technology 2G technology was introduced.Features of Second Generation(2G) Technology:- The 2G phase began in the 1990s and much of this technology is still in use. It is based on TDMA. Better quality & capacity . More people could use there phones at the same time 2G networks use digital signals. It is based on GSM or in other words global system for mobile communication.

DRAWBACKS OF 2G:- The GSM modulated systems do not support high data rates. They are unable to handle complex data such as video.

2G Device (size is reduced than 1G devices)

Third Generation (3G)- Due to drawbacks of 2G technology 2G technology was introduced.Features of Second Generation(3G) Technology:- Large capacity and broadband capabilities .

Allows the transmission of 384kbps for mobile systems and up to 2Mbps.

A greater number of users that can be simultaneously supported by a radio frequency bandwidth.

High data rates at lower incremental cost than 2G–Global roaming.

Mobile Internet access and Video calls. Offers greater Security of data than 2G.

DRAWBACKS OF 3G:- Difficulty of CDMA to provide higher data rates.

3G phones are expensive. Huge capital is required.

Limitation of spectrum and it’s allocation.

People who have 3G mobiles can only enjoy its features with 3G subscribers only.

Multiple standards for 3G. These are IMT-2000 standards that generally require operators to obtain a new

spectrum Allocation, for example IMT-DS (W-CDMA) because of the relatively wide channels

(5MHz), and IMT-TC (TD-SCDMA/UTRA TDD) plus IMT-FT (DECT) because a TDD frequency assignment is required. Required wider bandwidth.

Motivation of 4G Technology before 3G has been deployed ?Due to substantial growth in overall number of subscribers 4G is introduced.

Due to massive demand of new services like data , audio , image or video .

Need global portability and service portability.

Difficulty in continuously increasing bandwidth and high data rate to meet multimedia service requirements.

What is 4G? 4G is not one defined technology or standard, but rather a

collection of technologies at creating fully packet-switched networks optimized for data.

4G Standards: First, 4G networks must be based on an all Internet protocol (IP) packet switching instead of circuit-

switched technology.

In addition, peak data rates for 4G networks must be close to 100 megabit per second for a user on a highly mobile network and 1 gigabit per second for a user with local wireless access or a nomadic connection.

4G represents a significant evolution over the 3G standards, most notably in the removal of IP address limitations, increased data transfer rates and smooth handovers

It includes several types of broadband wireless communication system access including cellular telephone system.

Features of 4G TECHNOLOGY:-Support for multimedia services like teleconferencing and wireless internet. Wider bandwidths and higher bitrates. Entirely packet-switched network.High internet speed. Tight network security.Services: Higher Capacity, Completely IP-Oriented, Multimedia, High Data Rate Transfer.

Technology used in 4G:-FEATURES OF OFDM TECHNOLOGY(ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING):-Allows data transfer than other forms of multiplexing.

It transmits large amount of Digital Data over a Radio Wave.

Allows for the use of almost the entire frequency band. OFDM TECHNOLOGYParallel data transmission.

OFDM works by splitting the radio signal into multiple smaller sub-signals that are then transmitted simultaneously at different frequencies to the receiver .

FEATURES OF SMART ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY:- Smart Antenna can be employed to find tune and turn up signal information.

It does not require increase power or additional frequency.

The main advantages of smart antennas are- Increased capacity. Increased range. Less power for transmission.

FEATURES OF UWB(Ultra Wide Band):-An advanced technology that can be used in 4G technology.

It can use any part of the frequency spectrum, which means that it can use frequencies that are currently in use by other radio frequency devices .

It uses less power , since it transmits pulse instead of continuous signal. Special antennas are needed to tune and aim the signal.

4G Devices in Market

NOKIA’s WRISTBAND PHONELAUNCHED IN APRIL,2012

ADVANTAGES OF 4G TECHNOLOGY:-High Speed:– Data Rate of 100 Mbps for mobile and 1

Gbps while stationary. Global Standard:-4G will be a global standard that

provides global mobility and service portability so that service provider will no longer be limited by single-system.

Low Cost:– Access technologies, services and applications can unlimitedly be run through wireless backbone over wire-line backbone using IP address.

APPLICATIONS Of 4G Technology:-The applications of 4G are called “KILLER APPLICATIONS” as it is going to bring to revolution in the internet world.

High Speed Data Rate due to which a movie can be downloaded in 2 to 3 minutes.

More Security.Video Conferencing.Higher Bandwidth.Global Roaming.

Limitations Of 4G Technology:-Interoperability between the signaling techniques that are

planned for use in 4G. Cost is another factor that could hamper the progress of 4G

technology. The equipment required to implement the next-generation network are still very expensive.

A Key challenge facing deployment of 4G technologies is how to make the network architectures compatible with each other. This was one of the unmet goals of 3G.

CONCLUSION:- 4G will be Convergence Platform providing clear advantages in terms of Coverage, Bandwidth, Power

Consumption, variety Services ranging from Pop-Up advertisements to Location-Based services and IP Data casting ones.

4G can be efficiently combined with cellular technologies to make consistent use of smart phones and video blogs. This gives the manufacturer the opportunity to produce more affordable user friendly 4G compatible devices.

4G is capable of providing new horizon opportunities for both existing and start up telephone companies.

As the history of mobile communications shows, attempts have been made to reduce a number of technologies to a global single standard.

4G seems to be a very promising generation of wireless communication that will change the people’s life in the wireless world. Some telecom companies developing on 4G technology are:-

NTT Docomo (Japan) Digiweb (Ireland) Vodafone Group

ACKNOWLEDGMENT:- I am extremely thankful to Mr. Debashis Chakraborty , Head of Department, Division of ECE,FIEM for permitting me to undertake this work.

I express my heartfelt gratitude to my respected Seminar guide Mr. Mayur De for his kind and inspiring advise which helped me to understand the subject and its significance.

I am also very thankful to my dear friends who helped and co-operated with me in conducting the seminar by their active participation.

REFERENCES:-www.wipkipedia.comwww.google.comwww.3g4g.co.uk/4gwww.uscwc.com/4GReport www.four-g.net

THANK YOU