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Recreational SCUBA Diving
Presented by Shaun Sykes
Topics of Discussion
• SCUBA – Its meaning and history
• Equipment
• How to dive/types of dives
• After you learn, what then?
• Health and safety
• Dive sites and statistics
• Summary
What Does it Mean? History?
• SCUBA – Self Contained Underwater Breathing Aparatus
• Long history dating back from 332 BC• Modern fins, mask and snorkel tubes were
developed by fishermen from America, Russia, France and England in the 1920s and 1930s
History continued
• Recreational SCUBA Diving began between 1942 - 1943, after Emile Gagnan and Captain Hacques –Yves Cousteau developed the self-contained “Aqua-Lung” and new regulator that was automatic.
• Cousteau took many successful, experimental dives with his friends, wife and two sons, making this an experimental family trip and experience.
Equipment
• Mask- Device covering eyes and nose, allowing you to see underwater
• Fins – Device put on the feet to extend the kicking motion underwater.
Equipment continued
• BCD or BC – (Buoyancy compensator device) Device/jacket that controls buoyancy up or down
• Regulator – Device that delivers air to you on demand at reduced pressure
Equipment continued
• Pressure gauge – (SPG- Submersible Pressure Gauge) Device that tells diver how much air they have left
• Weights – Lead weights used to weigh down divers for depth decent
Equipment continued
• Snorkel – Device used to breath air close to or on the surface of the water
• Body suit – Warm temperature suit that protects the body against abrasions and stings
Equipment continued
• Wet suit – Insulated suit used to keep the body temperature in
• Dry suit – Used to keep the diver dry and warm in colder temperatures
Equipment continued
Gloves Hood Boots Knife
Air cylinder
Or tank
Light Watch Scooter
Recommended diving apparel
Temperature• High 80s
• 80º - 90º F
• 75º - 80ºF
• 70º - 80ºF
• 50º - 70ºF
• Below 50ºF
What to wear- A Lycra body suit, a shorty, or a
dive jacket (the top of a two-piece suit)
- A shorty, a dive jacket, or a full-length, one-piece, 3mm wet suit
- A 3mm one-piece jumpsuit, or a two-piece wet suit
- A 5mm full-length wetsuit, a two-piece wetsuit, or a dry suit with light weight insulating garments
- A 7mm full-length two-piece wetsuit with gloves and hood, or a dry suit with insulating garments
- A dry suit with insulating garments, hood, gloves or mitts, and possibly face mask
How to dive/types of dives
• Types of dives – Boat, shore, pier
• How to enter the water – if on shore, walk into the water without fins, then put them on in the water
- If entering rough water, put fins on and walk in backwards
• If on a boat or pier
1. Giant Stride
2. Backward roll
3. Controlled Seated entry
4. Group entry
How to dive/types of dives continued
• Decent• Travel under water• Hand signals• Ascent
Other types of dives –• Seawater, Freshwater, Wreck, Cave, Night, Drift
and Ice
After You Learn, then what?Levels of Specifications
• Pre-open water certification – Open Water Certified
• Non – professional certification – Advanced SCUBA diver and Master SCUBA diver
• Professional – Divemaster, Skin-diving instructor, assistant instructor and Instructor
• Specialties open to recreational divers – Underwater photography or videography, wreck diving, night diving, boat diving, ice diving, cavern diving, dry suit diving, Nitrox diving, search and recovery, career diver, etc.
Health and Safety – the hazards of diving
• How soon to fly after diving – old vs. new philisophy
• DCS – Epidermal or cutaneous, muscular, joint and limb pain and neuroligical
• Hypothermia• Hyperthermia• Cramps• Overexertion• Nitrogen Narcosis
• Overexertion• Nitrogen Narcosis• Carbon monoxide
poisoning• Gastrointestinal barotrauma• Heart problems• Ear infections• NosebleedsBreathing problemsDehydrationDiving while pregnant
Dive sites
• Worldwide: Papua, New Guines, Egyption Red Sea, Galapagos Islands, Equador, Great Barrier Reef, Australia, The Maldives, India, Great White Wall, Fiji, Bunhaken Island, Indonesia, Blue Corner, Palau and the Caribbean
• United States: The Hawaiian Islands, Florida Keys, Catalina Island, California and many oceans, rivers, lakes and quarrys
Statistics
• 8.5 million certified SCUBA divers in the U.S., and 14.5 to 15.5 million divers worldwide
• Top 6 states for SCUBA certification: Florida, California, Hawaii, Texas, Illinois and New York
Summary
• SCUBA – Its meaning and history
• Equipment
• How to dive/types of dives
• After you learn, what then?
• Dive sites and statistics
• Health and safety
Web sites for SCUBA access, research and resources
• PADI (Professional Association of Diving Instructors)- http://www.padi.com
• DAN (Divers Alert Network) - http://www.diversalertnetwork.org
• NAUI (National Association of Underwater Instructors)- http://www.naui.com
• The Ultimate SCUBA source - http://www.scubasearch.com
• About SCUBA diving - http://scuba.about.com
• Joe Diver America - http://www.joediveramerica.com