Performance Analysis Performance Analysis in Support of in Support of

Epidemiology and PreventionEpidemiology and Prevention

Keith LyonsKeith Lyons

Centre for Performance AnalysisCentre for Performance Analysis

University of Wales Institute CardiffUniversity of Wales Institute Cardiff

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For lack of a practical method of For lack of a practical method of determining longitude, every great determining longitude, every great captain in the Age of Exploration captain in the Age of Exploration became lost at sea despite the best became lost at sea despite the best available charts and compassesavailable charts and compasses.

Sobel (1996:6Sobel (1996:6))

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Performance AnalysisPerformance Analysis

A disciplined insight that …A disciplined insight that …

1. uses systematic observation …1. uses systematic observation …

2. to record performance …2. to record performance …

3. in order to analyse it ...3. in order to analyse it ...

4. to provide quantitative and qualitative4. to provide quantitative and qualitative

augmented information.augmented information.

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Performance AnalysisPerformance Analysis

1. Objective, valid and reliable observations.1. Objective, valid and reliable observations.

2. Facilitate recall of performance.2. Facilitate recall of performance.

3. Develop and transform performance.3. Develop and transform performance.

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Performance ContextsPerformance Contexts

1. T1. Training environment.raining environment.

2. Preparation for competition. 2. Preparation for competition.

3. Competition.3. Competition.

4. Analysis of performance data.4. Analysis of performance data.

5. Dissemination and education.5. Dissemination and education.

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MethodologyMethodology

Lapsed-Time

Computerised Notation

Lapsed-Time

Hand Notation

Real-Time

Computerised Notation

Real-Time

Hand Notation

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Game Content 1991-1999 Game Content 1991-1999

19911991 19951995 19991999

Scrums 34 27 2727

Lineouts 38 37 3131

Penalties 26 25 2727

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Game Content 1991-1999 Game Content 1991-1999

19911991 19951995 19991999

Tries 5 6 44

Ruck/Maul 48 69 116116

Ball in Play 24m 48s 26m 43s 31m 44s31m 44s

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1999 Developments: NZ v France1999 Developments: NZ v France

30Scrums

20Lineouts

22Penalties

159Rucks & Mauls

317Passes

27Kicks

37m 50sBall in Play

Game TotalEvent

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1999 Developments: 1999 Developments: Australia v EnglandAustralia v England

Scrums

Lineouts

Penalties

Rucks & Mauls

Passes

Kicks

Ball in Play

Event

24

31

22

151

331

73

37m 20s

Game Total

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19991999

Rugby athlete performance.Rugby athlete performance.

Rugby handball expectations.Rugby handball expectations.

Continuity skills.Continuity skills.

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Ball in PlayBall in Play

5010Wales

1112SA

1210Scotland

1102NZ

1320Ireland

2121France

0311England

1123Australia

<30m>30m>32m> 35m

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ContinuityContinuity

2400Wales

2120SA

0310Scotland

2011NZ

0420Ireland

1122France

0302England

1231Australia

> 80rm> 100rm > 120rm> 140rm

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Performance AnalysisPerformance Analysis

Identify structural invariance and variance Identify structural invariance and variance of games.of games.

MACRODATAMACRODATA

Identify action components of games.Identify action components of games.

MICRODATAMICRODATA

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An Example: The ScrummageAn Example: The Scrummage

In 18 games this season there have been In 18 games this season there have been

585 scrums585 scrums..

The game average is The game average is 2727..

The highest incidence is The highest incidence is 38 38 (SA v AUS)(SA v AUS)

The lowest incidence is The lowest incidence is 1515 (AUS v IRL) (AUS v IRL)

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A GAME EXAMPLE (1998)A GAME EXAMPLE (1998)

Total number of scrumsTotal number of scrums 3535

Total time takenTotal time taken 18m 56s18m 56s

% of game% of game 23%23%

Average durationAverage duration 32.5s32.5s

Front Row engagementsFront Row engagements 5151

Penalties and Free kicksPenalties and Free kicks 77

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Five Metre Scrum DataFive Metre Scrum Data

Total 5 metre scrumsTotal 5 metre scrums 1010Total time takenTotal time taken 7m 06s7m 06sAverage time per scrumAverage time per scrum43s43sClean scrumsClean scrums 11Number of engagementsNumber of engagements 1818CollapsesCollapses 66

PenaltiesPenalties 44

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Is there a Problem?Is there a Problem?

43 seconds28 secondsAv. Duration

43Penalties

76Wheels

6 (60%)3 (12%)Collapses

1 (10%)10 (52%)Clean scrums

1833Engagements

1025Total scrums

5m ScrumsNon 5m Scrums

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Dilemma?Dilemma?

If the scrummage is an essential and non-If the scrummage is an essential and non-negotiable feature of the game what can negotiable feature of the game what can be done about 5 metre scrums in terms of be done about 5 metre scrums in terms of risk management?risk management?

In clean scrums the average time from In clean scrums the average time from engagement to put in is engagement to put in is 3.5s3.5s and put in and put in

to exit to exit 3.5s3.5s..

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DATA DRIVEN INTERVENTION?DATA DRIVEN INTERVENTION?

The significance of the scrummage as an The significance of the scrummage as an essential feature of the game.essential feature of the game.

The problems associated with 5 metre The problems associated with 5 metre scrums.scrums.

The transformation of a means of re-The transformation of a means of re-introducing the ball into play into a introducing the ball into play into a major scoring opportunity.major scoring opportunity.

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We can develop a rich picture We can develop a rich picture of performance to support of performance to support

Epidemiology and PreventionEpidemiology and Prevention

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HowHow??

1.1. Agreement about research agenda.Agreement about research agenda.

2.2. Rigorous systematic observation.Rigorous systematic observation.

3.3. Shared operational definitions.Shared operational definitions.

4.4. Innovative use of digital technology.Innovative use of digital technology.

5.5. A forum to integrate our A forum to integrate our understandings of performance.understandings of performance.

6.6. World best practice.World best practice.

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www.hyder.com/rugbywww.hyder.com/rugby

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With his marine clocks, John Harrison tested the waters of space-time. He succeeded against all odds, in using the fourth - temporal - dimension to link points on the three-dimensional globe. He wrested the world’s whereabouts from the stars, and locked the secret in a pocket watch.