2. Skeletal system The major bones in the skeletal system are:
Skull Ribs Humerus Spine Radius Ulna Pelvis Femur Fibula Tibia
3. Types of bones in the Skeletal system Long bones are longer
than the width of the bone and are the bones of the limbs Short
bones are round in shape or cubed . They are short and wide. Flat
bones can vary in size, but their main feature is being very thin
in one direction. Irregular bones have a shape which doesnt fit the
pattern of the long, short or flat bones. Sesamoid bones are the
bones that form after birth inside the tendons that run across
joints.
4. Types of joints in the Skeletal system Fibrous joints in the
skeletal system include the sutures in the skull , the coronal
suture connects the parietal and the frontal skull bones.
Cartilagenous joints are partially movable joints consisting of
symphyses or sychondroses joints Ball and socket joint is a round
surface of bone which fits and moves with in a cup shape. Saddle
joint is a biaxial that allows movement on two planes which is
flexion, extension, abduction and adduction .The thumb is the only
structure in the human body with a saddle joint .
5. Location of joints from the Skeletal System
6. How they are involved in the body movements of the Golf In
golf the skeletal system is used. The skeletal muscles are
connected to 2 different bones by cords of connective tissue which
is called tendons. When the muscle contracts the bone stays
stationary and then a fixed point is formed, while the other bone
moves around the fixed point. Most skeletal muscles act as a part
of a lever system, with levers a heavy load can be moved with less
effort than necessary , The golf swing consists of six separate
movements which all acts with lever-like actions. The goal of a
swing in golf is to get the club head to move fast , this requires
6 separate movements which operate simultaneously .
7. How they are involved in the body movements of the Golf The
key to a powerful swing is to perform all movements correctly and
on a synchronized basis, at this stage power is coming from
contraction speed and flexibility. The wrist muscles are connected
at one end of the bones in the hands and fingers, it is also
connected to the two bones in the forearm , ulna and radius. When
contracting these muscles it enables both hands to function as a
lever around the wrist joint, it acts as the fulcrum and enables
the hand to move a load. In golf you have to rotate your forearm at
the elbow . The arm can bend or straighten at the elbow. The
forearm is also rotate clockwise and anticlockwise at the elbow .
Rotational movement is caused by muscles near the top of the
forearm. They attach the bone to the Humerus and to the ulna and
radius in the forearm. This means they operate across the arm which
allows the rotation.
8. Muscular system https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec5Hvjavi sU
Down below is a video of he muscles being used in a golf swing. It
also shows when the muscles are used and you can see for how long
each muscle is used for.
9. Identify the major muscles and how they are used in golf The
Skeletal muscle is the only voluntary muscle tissue in our human
body. Every physical action requires the skeletal muscle. If you
didnt have any skeletal muscles you wouldnt be able to walk , speak
or write . One of the things that the muscular system controls is
motion (walking ,running ) . Motion requires the legs in your body.
Another thing the muscular system control is heat production which
maintains your body temperature . The final function of the
muscular system is maintenance of posture which keeps your body
upright and making you able to sit and stand. In golf your swing is
like a lever system. There are different types of classes for
levers depending on the position of the fulcrum, effort and
resistive force.
10. Identify the major muscles and how they are used in golf
There are 3 main classes for the lever which is 1st class,2nd class
and 3rd class. 1st class is when muscle force and resistive force
are on different sides of the fulcrum ( the head resting on the
vertebrae column as the head is raised the facial proportion of the
skull is resistance .2nd class is when the muscle force and
resistive force act on the same side as the fulcrum, with the
muscle force acting through the level longer than that through
which the resistive force acts - e.g. raising the body up onto the
toes. The body is the resistance, the ball of the foot is the
fulcrum, and the effort is the contraction of the calf muscle The
3rd class is when the Muscle force and resistive force act on the
same side of the fulcrum, with the muscle force acting through the
lever shorter than that through which the resistive force acts -
e.g. adduction of the thigh.
11. Identify the major muscles and how they are used in golf
The weight of the thigh is the resistance, the hip joint is the
fulcrum, and the contraction of the adductor muscle is the
effort.
12. Identify the dominant muscle system. EG: fast- twitch or
slow-twitch fibres and explain the reasons for your choice. The
dominant muscle system in golf is the muscular system . The
muscular system is the dominant system for golf. The muscular
system is used because of the lever systems which is the part of
the golf swing . The different types of classes are depending on
where the muscle and resistive force are located, For example the
1st class lever is when the muscle force and resistive force are on
different sides of the fulcrum. In Golf slow twitch is used because
18 holes on a golf course doesnt require you to sprint to the ball
every time it requires you to calmly walk so this is why it is a
slow twitch.
13. Energy systems in Golf
14. Compare the contribution of each energy system to movement
in Golf , Explain reasons why In golf the contribution of each
energy systems is different to other sports. The use of energy is
used in a golf swing. The results are down below and compared to
various different sports .This is because golf is not classed as a
full on sport compared to rugby league or soccer . Golf is a
leisure sport fit for all ages. This is because golf only requires
you to swing and hit the ball compared to soccer where you have to
chase the ball and kick the ball.
15. Outline the response of the circulatory and respiratory
systems to exercise in Golf . I.e. describe what happens in these
systems when the body exercises Circulatory system is a good
indicator of overall capacity which allows you to do more work and
to burn calories. Even though most golf courses require you to have
a cart you might feel fatigue on the last few holes . If you are
walking you will most likely suffer greater loss unless you have a
moderately high cardiorespiratory fitness . To improve your
cardiorespiratory it is recommended that you do aerobic
conditioning which will take 20-30 minutes, 3 times a week, it can
vary from walking, jogging and cycling . To improve your
cardiorespiratory quicker you should do exercises like fast
walk,75% jogging or even sprinting
16. Outline the response of the circulatory and respiratory
systems to exercise in your nominated sport. I.e. describe what
happens in these systems when the body exercises Respiratory system
is a very important thing to have while playing sport because
without it you cant breathe. The respiratory system is your mouth,
throat, nose, larynx ,trachea , bronchi and lungs. All athletes are
required to have a good cardiorespiratory system because they will
most likely get injured or face fatigue which can lower motivation
and mental awareness .In Golf you are required to walk from hole to
hole which if you arent breathing properly it can result in fatigue
. Any Athlete who prepares well will most likely not face any of
this and will end up performing well
17. Hydration plan While playing golf it is recommended that
you: Drink 500mL of cold water 1-2 hours before starting Drink
another 500mL of cold water 15 minutes before you start Every 10
minutes of playing drink 150mL of cold water Per hour drink 1L of
cold water Drink 500mL of cold water after you finish your
game
18. Hydration considerations and advice to keep safe from the
heat To wear lose-fitting clothes To avoid direct exposure from the
sun Dont take salt tablets (makes dehydration worse) Better to
drink cool water than ice cold water Dont drink soft drink/juices
while playing golf Drink sports drinks ( helps regain energy)