BA (HONS) SPORTUnit 27 – Skill Acquisition

‘Ability’

SKILLS RE - CAP

Types of Skill

Skill Classification

SKILLS RE CAP – POST IT

On a post it note write down:

What is skill? (Yellow) What is skill classification? (Pink)

On the continuums plot a skill from your chosen sport? Giving reasons why?

SESSIONS REPLICATING THE GAME

http://www.cricket.com.au/video/U19-match-simulation

Importance Impact Short or long term vision

RICHARD SHUTTLEWORTH

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCBbkWW7lLo

What is Ability?

DEFINITION

Inherited, innate, stable traits that determine a person’s potential to acquire skills

(Bevis, Murray 2008)

Abilities are genetically predetermined characteristics that affect movement performance such as agility, coordination, strength, and flexibility. Abilities are enduring and as such, difficult to change in adults. Abilities differ from skills in the sense that skills are learned, whereas abilities are a product of both learning and genetic factors.

(Fleishman, 1964)

ABILITY

Ability is the make up of an athlete that we inherit from our parents.

Abilities underpin and contribute to skills.

Abilities can be essentially perceptual, essentially motor or a combination of both.

Most abilities to do with action are a combination and are referred to as psychomotor / perceptual motor abilities. Now there is no definitive list of psychomotor / perceptual motor abilities.

Skill = Ability + Technique

GENETICS AND ABILITY

Nature Vs Nurture

TYPES OF ABILITY

From the perspective of physical movements we are concerned with 2 different types of ability:

Motor Ability

Perceptual Ability

MOTOR ABILITY

What do you think motor ability is?

‘Underlying characteristics that contribute to moving a limb or limbs successfully’

‘Motor abilities are innate inherited traits that determine an individuals balance, coordination, ability and reaction time’ (Bevis, Murray 2008)

Fleishmann 1964, produced a list of 14 motor abilities that HE believed underpinned and were the determinants of an individuals potential to develop skill

FLEISHMAN’S TAXONOMY OF MOTOR ABILITIES 1964Perceptual Motor Abilities

Control Precision Control movement with Larger muscle groups

Rate Control Continuous anticipatory adjustments

Aiming Accurate hand movements

Response orientation

Quick decisions with multiple response

Reaction Time React to stimulus

Manual Dexterity Large objects with hand

Finger Dexterity Small objects with fingers

Arm – Hand Steadiness

Move hand and fingers

Wrist and Finger Speed

Rapidly move fingers and wrist

FLEISHMAN’S TAXONOMY OF MOTOR ABILITIES 1964

Physical Proficiency Abilities

Strength Explosive / Static / Trunk

Flexibility / Speed Dynamic / Extent / Speed of limb movement

Balance Static / Dynamic / Balance objects

Coordination Multilimb / Gross Body

Endurance Stamina / Dynamic Strength

ABILITY OR SKILL??

Talented Athlete Video

Would you classify this as ability or skill?

Ability or Skill?

WHAT IS THIS………

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZnFHfEVob4

Muhammad Ali was not considered a natural fighter. He had the wrong body proportions, for a start. While he was quick, he lacked strength and he lacked the classic moves. Carol Dweck, in her book Mindset writes that

Ali “boxed all wrong. He didn’t block punches with his arms and elbows. He punched in rallied like an amateur. He kept his jaw exposed. He pulled back his torso to evade the impact of oncoming punches” rather than dodging left or right.

In hindsight experts reflect on his natural talent and physique. We see the body of a great boxer. Yet Ali’s work ethic and ability to tactically psyche out his opponents before a fight made him the fighter he became.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SKILL

CharacteristicOf

Skill

Matches technical model

Involve strategy in complex situations

A learned movement

Consistently successful

Goal directed

Performance movement appears

confident

Economic movement – min energy outlay

Efficient movement

CHARACTERISTICS OF ABILITY

Characteristicsof

Ability

Task Specific – skills require different abilities

Inherited/innate trait/born/genetic

Use and development influenced by many factors

Many different types – gross/psychomotor General not

specific abilities contribute to the early stages of learning

What factors?

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SKILL AND ABILITY

WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT THIS QUOTE:

A perfectly run drill that looks pleasant to the eye but usually means players aren’t being tested – it looks good but nothing is really happening

Skill Ability

Explain the differences between skill and ability

IMPLICATIONS:

What do coaches need to consider when planning a session?

Consider the difference between skill and ability and implications on the session.

What are the implications for the performer?

Discuss the implications of the differences between

skill and ability for sports performers