Do Stand Age or Soil Nutrients Control Foliar Chemistry?

Tony Yi Dong

SUNY-ESF

ydong03@syr.edu

Why Do We Care?Health Deficiency

http://www.hubbardbrook.org/

Nutrient Flux

Why Do We Care?

http://fullertoninn.tumblr.com/

• Climate

• Pests

• Browsing

• species competition

• successional status(stand age)

• Soil fertility

Driving Factors

Map made by Matt Vadeboncoeur (Yanai et al. 2012)

Study Site

Site First Growing Season after cut Foliage Collection Date Quan. Pits

M5 1977 2003, 2004 3

M3 1910 2003, 2004

T30 1948 2003, 2004 3

M4 1950 2003, 2004

T20 1958 2003, 2004

H5 1967 2003, 2004

H4 1935 2003, 2004 3

H6 1984 2003, 2004 3

H3 1875 2003, 2004

H1 1939 2003, 2004 3

H2 1875 2003, 2004

M6 1980 2003, 2004 3

C3 (101) 1971 2003, 2004

CC2 1989 2003, 2004

C1 1990 2009 3

C2 1988 2009 3

C4 1978 2009 3

C6 1975 2009 3

C8 1883 2009 3

C9 1890 2009 3

Results

Stand Age

Pin CherryCa K Mg

Ca K Mg

Red Maple

Results

Pin Cherry Mg

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1400

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

f(x) = − 0.0267816625323726 x + 9.44887305280735R² = 0.289778316364562

Red Maple Foliar Ca Vs Stand Age

Stand Age (yr)

Fol

iar

Ca

conc

entr

atio

n(m

g/g)

American Beech

Sugar Maple

Ca K Mg

Ca K

Ca K Mg

MgWhite Birch

Yellow Birch Ca K Mg

American Beech

Sugar Maple

Ca K Mg

Ca K

Ca K Mg

MgWhite Birch

Yellow Birch Ca K Mg

No Significant Correlation!

FEEL DISAPPOINTED?http://sustainyourcreativity.blogspot.com/2010/12/being-someone-else-impressions-from.html

Let’s try soil…….

http://envstudies.brown.edu/research/hamburg/images/pics/horizons.jpg/

Let’s try soil…….

http://envstudies.brown.edu/research/hamburg/images/pics/horizons.jpg/

Ca

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.60

2

4

6

8

10

12

f(x) = 6.25304431784968 x + 7.12260395795497R² = 0.574522553587544

0-10cm Soil exchangeable Ca Vs Foliage Ca

Soil Ca concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Ca

conc

entr

atio

n(m

g/g)

Sugar Maple Red Maple

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.50

2

4

6

8

10

12

f(x) = 0.837849423341368 x + 6.79439560564531R² = 0.330620799109647

Oa Soil exchangeable Ca Vs Foliage Ca

Soil Ca concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Ca

conc

entr

atio

n (m

g/g)

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.60

2

4

6

8

10

12

f(x) = 6.25304431784968 x + 7.12260395795497R² = 0.574522553587544

0-10cm Soil exchangeable Ca Vs Foliage Ca

Soil Ca concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Ca

Con

cent

rati

on (m

g/g)

American Beech

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.60

2

4

6

8

10

12

f(x) = 6.25304431784968 x + 7.12260395795497R² = 0.574522553587544

0-10cm Soil exchangeable Ca Vs Foliage Ca

Soil Ca concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Ca

conc

entr

atio

n (m

g/g)

0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.3502468

1012141618

f(x) = 14.3961509619793 x + 10.2760971271691R² = 0.501491523313019

0-10cm Soil Exchangeable Ca Vs foliage Ca

Soil Ca concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Ca

conc

entr

atio

n

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.140

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

f(x) = 26.4704967906573 x + 11.1070526822195R² = 0.3838471411844

10-30cm Soil Exchangealbe Ca Vs Foliage Ca

10-30cm Soil Ca Nutrient Concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Ca

conc

entr

atio

n (m

g/g)

Pin Cherry

0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.350

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

f(x) = 14.2555742294096 x + 10.3196169943116R² = 0.50066422419353

0-10cm Exchangeable Soil Ca Vs Foliage Ca

Soil Ca concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Ca

conc

entr

atio

n (m

g/g)

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.140

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

f(x) = 23.2665960603272 x + 11.1886359919708R² = 0.326797280818806

10-30cm Exchangeable Soil Ca Vs Foliage Ca

Soil Ca Concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Ca

conc

entr

atio

n (m

g/g)

White Birch

Mg

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.070

0.20.40.60.8

11.21.41.61.8

2

f(x) = 18.9292063643684 x + 0.702078729847245R² = 0.745798416265152

0-10cm Soil exchangeable Mg Vs Foliage Mg

Soil Mg concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Mg

conc

entr

atio

n (m

g/g)

American Beech

White Birch

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.070

0.20.40.60.8

11.21.41.61.8

2

f(x) = 18.9292063643684 x + 0.702078729847245R² = 0.745798416265152

0-10cm Soil exchangeable Mg Vs Foliage Mg

Soil Mg concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Mg

Con

cent

rati

on 9

mg/

g)

0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.0250

0.20.40.60.8

11.21.41.61.8

2

f(x) = 53.4881036447929 x + 0.713288165655531R² = 0.74021946205836

10-30cm Soil exchangeable Mg Vs Foliage Mg

Soil Mg concentration (mg/g)

Fol

iage

Mg

Con

cent

rati

on (m

g/g)

Conclusion• Stand age may not be the factor that affects the foliar cation

concentrations for most species

• Natural heterogeneity of soil nutrients may affect foliar cation

concentrations ( PC (Ca), AB(Ca, Mg), RM (Ca), SM(Ca), WB(Ca, Mg),

YB(Ca)), even in a small scale.

• Soil nutrients availability in the 0-10cm may be the best predicator of

foliage cation concentrations

Future plan

• We need more soil data!

Acknowledgements• Marty Acker• Mary Arthur• Matt Vadeboncoeur• Joel Blum• Steve Hamburg• Craig see• Ruth Yanai• Mariann Johnston• Russell Briggs• All the other shoestring crew

Question?