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CLOUD INSTANCES PRICE COMPARISON:AWS VS AZURE VS GOOGLE VS IBM
• Kim Weins• VP Marketing and Cloud Cost Strategy, RightScale
Presenters
POLLS
Two Ways to Manage Cloud
3
Multi-Cloud is the Strategy of Choice
Multi-Cloud85%
• What’s New• Comparing Discount Options• Comparing Cloud Prices• Winners• Takeaways
Agenda
5
WHAT’S CHANGING?PRICES ARE DROPPING
PRICING OPTIONS MORE SIMILAR
• Per second billing• AWS adds per second billing for EC2 and a few other services• Google extends per-second billing with 1 minute minimum• Azure offers per second billing for container instances
• Discounting gone wild• Azure adds reserved instances• Google adds Committed Use Discounts• AWS adds 1 Year Convertible Reserved Instances
• New instances in our comparison• AWS adds C5s• Azure Dv3, Ev3, Fv2
• Hyperthreading on v3s -- pay attention to the ACUs• IBM adds “families”
What’s Changed in the Last 9 Months
7
• Local Disk• AWS steering you away from local disk
• More instances with EBS only• More EBS optimization• Prices on instances with local disk not dropping as much (eg m3 vs m4)
• Google dropped prices on local disk• They were a significant premium
• Latest Azure instances have smaller local disk• Prices dropped on 68% of the instances we included in this analysis
• AWS dropped 19 of 26 prices• Azure dropped 22 of 26• Google dropped 4 of 26• IBM dropped 26 of 26
Cont...What’s Changed in the Last 9 Months
8
DISCOUNT OPTIONS
AWS RIs Azure RIs Google SUD/CUD IBM Monthly(or Negotiated)
Length of commitment
1 or 3 years 1 or 3 years SUD: No commitment
CUD: 1 or 3 years
Monthly: Commit by month
Range of discount levels
1Y 24-58%3Y 32-75%
Up to 72% SUD: Up to 30%CUD: 37% (1Y) or
55% (3Y)
Monthly: About 10%
How long instance must run to save
Breakeven1Y 5-9 months
3Y 9-24 months
TBD SUD: 25% of monthCUD 1Y: 7.5 monthsCUD 3Y: 16 months
Month
Payment options No UpfrontPartial Upfront
All Upfront
All Upfront No Upfront Negotiated
Other documented programs
-Volume discounts, for RIs
-Spot instances
-Hybrid Use Discount -Enterprise
Agreement
Preemptible VMs Negotiated
Comparing Compute Discount Options
AWS RIs Azure RIs Google SUD/CUD
Buy based on: RegionInstance familyOS
RegionInstance family Instance size
Region# of vCPUs# of GBs RAM
Flexibility Convertible: Can exchange for combo of RIs of equal or greater valueStandard: Availability zone, Size, Network
Can change across any region or series
Automatically applies to all instances in the region
Returnable Can sell on Marketplace (often impossible to find buyers)
Yes - cost TBD No
Commitment Discounts
AWS Reserved Instances:
Standard Zone
AWS Reserved Instances:
Standard Regional
AWS Reserved Instances:
Convertible (lower discount)
Buy based on: RegionAZInstance familyInstance SizeOSNetwork Type
RegionInstance familyInstance sizeOSNetwork Type
RegionInstance familyInstance sizeOSNetwork Type
Automatic changes
None Applies to any AZApplies to any size in the same family (vanilla Linux only)
Same as Standard
Manual changes AZInstance sizeNetwork Type
Network Type Exchange for equal value of RIs
Three Types of AWS Reserved Instances
About Google Sustained Use Discount (SUD)
• No commitment. The more you use an instance family during the month, the higher the discount.
Usage Level% of Billing Cycle
Incremental Rate % of On-Demand Baseline
Sample Rate n1-standard-1
Total Cost
0-25% 100% $0.050 $9.00
25-50% 80% $0.040 $7.20
50-75% 60% $0.030 $5.40
75-100% 40% $0.020 $3.60
Monthly Costat 100% usage
30% discount $25.20
Google SUD uses “Inferred Instances”
Source: Google
• Commit to # of vCPUs and GBs of RAM• 1 yr (37% discount) or 3 yr (55% discount)• Can be used for any instance type or size in a region• SUD still applies for non-committed use
About Google Committed Use Discount
RightScale Optima: Reserved Instance Plan
16
INSTANCE PRICE COMPARISON
VM Type AWSAWS Mem
AWS Disk
GoogleGoogle Mem
Google Disk
AzureAzure Mem
AzureDisk
IBMIBM Mem
IBM Disk
Standard 2 vCPU w SSD
m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200
Standard 2 vCPU no SSD
m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25
Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD
r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD
r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD
c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD
c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017
VM Type AWSAWS Mem
AWS Disk
GoogleGoogle Mem
Google Disk
AzureAzure Mem
AzureDisk
IBMIBM Mem
IBM Disk
Standard 2 vCPU w SSD
m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200
Standard 2 vCPU no SSD
m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25
Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD
r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD
r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD
c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD
c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017Different amounts of memory on HighCPU
VM Type AWSAWS Mem
AWS Disk
GoogleGoogle Mem
Google Disk
AzureAzure Mem
AzureDisk
IBMIBM Mem
IBM Disk
Standard 2 vCPU w SSD
m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200
Standard 2 vCPU no SSD
m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25
Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD
r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD
r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD
c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD
c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017AWS has families with and without local disk
VM Type AWSAWS Mem
AWS Disk
GoogleGoogle Mem
Google Disk
AzureAzure Mem
AzureDisk
IBMIBM Mem
IBM Disk
Standard 2 vCPU w SSD
m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200
Standard 2 vCPU no SSD
m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25
Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD
r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD
r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD
c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD
c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017Google lets you add on local
SSD but min is 375 GB
VM Type AWSAWS Mem
AWS Disk
GoogleGoogle Mem
Google Disk
AzureAzure Mem
AzureDisk
IBMIBM Mem
IBM Disk
Standard 2 vCPU w SSD
m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200
Standard 2 vCPU no SSD
m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25
Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD
r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD
r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD
c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD
c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017Azure always includes
local disk
VM Type AWSAWS Mem
AWS Disk
GoogleGoogle Mem
Google Disk
AzureAzure Mem
AzureDisk
IBMIBM Mem
IBM Disk
Standard 2 vCPU w SSD
m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200
Standard 2 vCPU no SSD
m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25
Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD
r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD
r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25
Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD
c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD
c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017IBM includes 25GB disk by
default.(Some local. some SAN)
VM TypeUS
Linux
AWS OD Hourly
Google OD Hourly
Azure OD Hourly
IBM OD Hourly
AWS OD /GB RAM
Google OD /GB RAM
Azure OD /GB RAM
IBM OD /GB RAM
Standard 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$0.133 $0.136 $0.100 $0.137 $0.018 $0.018 $0.013 $0.017
Standard 2 vCPU
no Local disk$0.100 $0.095 $0.100 $0.112 $0.013 $0.013 $0.013 $0.014
Highmem 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$0.166 $0.159 $0.133 $0.179 $0.011 $0.012 $0.008 $0.011
Highmem 2 vCPU
no Local disk$0.133 $0.118 $0.133 $0.179 $0.0089 $0.009 $0.008 $0.011
Highcpu 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$0.105 $0.112 $0.085 $0.075 $0.028 $0.062 $0.021 $0.038
Highcpu 2 vCPU
no Local disk$0.085 $0.071 $0.085 $0.075 $0.021 $0.039 $0.021 $0.038
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBMOn-Demand Hourly
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017
VM TypeUS
Linux
AWS OD Hourly
Google OD Hourly
Azure OD Hourly
IBM OD Hourly
AWS OD /GB RAM
Google OD /GB RAM
Azure OD /GB RAM
IBM OD /GB RAM
Standard 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$0.133 $0.136 $0.100 $0.137 $0.018 $0.018 $0.013 $0.017
Standard 2 vCPU
no Local disk$0.100 $0.095 $0.100 $0.112 $0.013 $0.013 $0.013 $0.014
Highmem 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$0.166 $0.159 $0.133 $0.179 $0.011 $0.012 $0.008 $0.011
Highmem 2 vCPU
no Local disk$0.133 $0.118 $0.133 $0.179 $0.009 $0.009 $0.008 $0.011
Highcpu 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$0.105 $0.112 $0.085 $0.075 $0.028 $0.062 $0.021 $0.038
Highcpu 2 vCPU
no Local disk$0.085 $0.071 $0.085 $0.075 $0.021 $0.039 $0.021 $0.038
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBMOn-Demand Hourly
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017
VM TypeUS
Linux
AWS 1Y RI
Annual
Google 1Y CUD Annual
Azure EA 30% off
Annual
IBM Monthly + 30% offAnnual
AWS 1Y RI
Annual/GB RAM
Google 1Y CUD Annual
/GB RAM
Azure EA 30% off
Annual/GB RAM
IBM Monthly + 30% offAnnual
/GB RAMStandard 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$867 $884 $613 $764 $116 $118 $77 $95
Standard 2 vCPU
no Local disk$622 $524 $613 $624 $78 $70 $77 $78
Highmem 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$946 $1,013 $816 $998 $63 $78 $51 $62
Highmem 2 vCPU
no Local disk$850 $653 $816 $998 $56 $50 $51 $62
Highcpu 2 vCPU
w Local SSD$666 $751 $521 $418 $178 $417 $130 $209
Highcpu 2 vCPU
no Local disk$543 $391 $521 $418 $136 $217 $130 $209
AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBMDiscounted Annual
Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017
Hourly On-Demand Cost by Region: Standard 2 vCPU
27
Google Azure Google AzureGoogle Azure
Annual Cost by Region: No Local Disk
28
Google lowest across the board
Annual Cost by Region: With Local SSD
29
Azure AzureGoogle Azure
Google Azure
Annual Cost: Attached Storage
30
IBM
Annual Cost: Linux vs Windows
31
GoogleGoogle
IBM
Annual Cost by Flavor: No Local Disk
32
Google lowest across the board
Annual Cost by Flavor: Local SSD
33
Azure AzureGoogle Azure
IBM IBM
Annual Cost by Flavor per GB RAM: No Local Disk
34
Google Google Google Google
AzureAzure
Annual Cost by Flavor per GB RAM: Local SSD
35
Azure lowest across the board
AWS Google Azure IBM
Lowest Price 0 24 18 4
Highest Price 15 9 6 19
Who Has Lowest and Highest Prices?
We looked at 46 scenarios for this webinar. (There are many more)
AWS Google Azure IBM
On-DemandAnnual $1,667 $1,605 $1,436 $1,871
Discounted Annual $1,235 $1,486 $1,022 $1,192
Linux Scenario Totals (per GB RAM)
Highly dependent on your negotiated discounts
• Type of storage matters• If you need local disk, Azure tends to be lowest• If no local disk, Google tends to be lowest• For attached volumes, Google and IBM
• Discounting matters• Google is strong in on-demand for continuous workloads due to
Sustained Use Discount • Azure Reserved Instances may reduce Azure prices further• Your negotiated discounts matter - especially for IBM, but also
additional discounts for other clouds
Tips
38
• AWS often provides more flexible options• Instances with or without local storage, storage with or without PIOPs• Partial/All Upfront 1yr RIs or 3 yr RIs or can save more
• Google SUDs reduce On-Demand costs, CUDs save more• Is often the lowest cost (unless you require local storage)
• Don’t use local storage unless you absolutely need it – Persistent Disk is cheaper
• Azure IS matching or beating AWS On-Demand prices• Your level of EA discount makes a difference in your discounted costs• Consider Azure Reserved Instances (available shortly)
• IBM is going to be about the negotiated discounts• Lower attached storage pricing• VERY good prices on Windows
Cloud Provider Specific Tips
• Lowest cost depends on• Your use case • Your need for local storage• Amount and Type of RIs you are buying on AWS or CUDs on Google• Your level of discount on Azure and IBM
• Make sure you…• Pick the right regions• Don’t overprovision• Make the right level of “commitments” to get discounts
• Thinks Multi-Cloud• Negotiating leverage• Pick the lowest cost option for each dev/test/batch workload
Takeaways
A Multi-Cloud Approach Can Save You Money
41
Contact [email protected] for more info
To compare features of cloud providers: cloudcomparison.rightscale.com
For webinar comparing storage for cloud providers:https://www.rightscale.com/webinars/lp/aws-vs-azure-vs-google-cloud-storage-webinarFor other webinars: https://www.rightscale.com/webinars
Q&A
42