An underground or minority set apart from the mainstream. Usually grouped by styles of dress and musical tastes.Youth sub cultures are often formed as a response to hardship and often originate in the working class (later to be hijacked and absorbed by the middle class).

What do they get out of it?A sense of belonging or COLLECTIVE IDENTITYAttractive to youth because of quest to be deviant or rebelSense of fame via moral panics (like the mods)

How do others respond to it?Moral panicsSensational media – worries about MORAL DECLINE

A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

I have given you the name of the sub culture for each era

Define the sub culture, including details of fashion and musical tastes etc.

Why or how did this sub culture evolve? What was going on at the time?

Before the 1940’s, more specifically before WWII, youth were seen and not heard. They took life seriously, helping with the war effort. They took on jobs to help bring in money for their family.

Once the war ended the role of teenagers quickly changed. Teenagers no longer had to drop out of school because the economy was booming. Teens were now staying in school and taking on part-time jobs. These part-time jobs and allowances provided spending money for the youth of the decade. The youth of this time were dependent on their parents, but also wanted their independence.

The combination of spending and the need to be independent created the youth culture.

Before the 1950’s there was no music targeted at the youth. Grandparents had the Charleston, parents had the jitterbug, and young blacks had rhythm and blues. Until rock and roll white teens had no music to dance to.

• Post war optimism• Independence• American imports (film, music):First influences from America

• Patriotic clothing –red, white, blue• Ben Sherman, Fred Perry• Obsessed with fashion & music• Beatles & The Who• Scooters'Mods' or Moderns were fashion-conscious sharp dressers of the 1960s. Emerging in part from the jazz modernists of the 1950s, and partly from working-class traditions of competitive dressing, Mods aped the look of middle-class businessmen. They wore Italian-cut, custom-made suits from Cecil Gee and teamed them with polo shirts and neat Vidal Sassoon haircuts. They rode Vespa motor scooters.• Drug of choice: amphetamine