Ashwin & Athira

Presented by ,

The Great History

INTRODUCTION TO MUGHAL EMPEROR

Foundation of the Mughal empire :-

Babur Humayun Akbar Jahangir Shah Jahan Aurangzeb

Babur (1526-1530)

•He invaded India after defeating Ibrahim Lodi at panipat in 1526 and Babur occupied Delhi and Agra.•Babur defeated the combined force of the Rajput rulers in 1527 and the afghan chief of Bengals and Bihar in 1529. •He recorded his experiences in the Tuzuk-i-Baburi. •He died in 1530.

Humayun (1530-1540)&(1555-1556)

After a battle of Kanauj in 1540, he lost it to Sher Shah ,an afghan chief of Bihar.

Humayun needed more than 15 yrs to get back his losted land.

In 1555 he recaptured Delhi and Agra from sher shah. In1542 his wife gave birth to Akbar, the greatest

Mughal ruler of whole time. He died in 1556,after a fall in his library Parana quila in

Delhi.

Akbar (1556-1605) The first challenge to Akbar’s throne came from Hemu

in 1556 and Bairam khan an trusted officer , after defeating Hemu reoccupied Delhi and Agra

All details of Akbar’s region are mentioned in a literary work Ain-i-Akbari by Abul fazl.

Akbar tried to combine the good points all religion into a single faith called Din Ilahi.

Akbar is known as ` Akbar the great` because so many good reasons. Indeed he was a great ruler.

He died in 1605……

Jahangir (1605-1627)

Jahangir took interest in the welfare of his subjects.. He continued Akbar's policy of winning over Rajputs

through marriage alliances and grants of high officers .. Jahangir showed religious tolerance …. He was a lover of nature . He was a scholar and lover of learning…. Long conflict between Sikhs and Mughals was the loss

of Qandahar to the Persians.. He died in 1627…….

Shah Jahan (1628-1658)

In 1628, prince Khurram ascended the throne at Agra as Shah Jahan….

Long conflicts between the Marathas and Mughals took under his rule..

Shah Jahan was a patron of literature , music ,painting and architecture.

Shah Jahan built the wonderful Taj Mahal at Agra, as a tomb for his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal..

He died in 1666………….

Aurangzeb (1658-1707)

He ascended throne in 1658 after imprisoning his father in the Agra fort.

He took the title Alamgir which means the Conquer of the world.

He introduced the custom of Pahul. he increased the tax payable by non-Muslims. He permitted destruction of temples. Ninth Sikh guru , Tegh Bahadur was beheaded under

Aurangzeb.