Connections: A World HistorySecond Edition

Chapter

Connections: A World History, Second EditionEdward H. Judge • John W. Langdon

Germanic Societies and the Emergence of the Christian West, 100–1100 C.E.

9

Emperor Constantine IEmperor Constantine I

The Christian WestThe Christian West

Germanic Societies and the Emergence of Germanic Societies and the Emergence of the Christian West, 100–1100 the Christian West, 100–1100 C.E.C.E.

A. The Germanic PeoplesB. The Decline of the Western Roman EmpireC. Early Medieval Europe: Germanic and Christi

an ConnectionsD. The Decline and Revival of the Western Chur

ch

The Germanic PeoplesThe Germanic Peoples

The Germanic PeoplesThe Germanic Peoples

A. Germanic Society: Kinship and Combat1. Nomadic lifestyle

2. Kinship ties

3. Patriarchy

4. Religion

FOUNDATION MAP 9.1 Germans, Celts, and Romans, FOUNDATION MAP 9.1 Germans, Celts, and Romans, First Through Fourth Centuries C.E.First Through Fourth Centuries C.E.

Germanic jewelry.Germanic jewelry.

The Germanic PeoplesThe Germanic Peoples

B. Germanic Migrations and Their Threat to Rome1. Migration, agriculture, and the Roman world

2. Roman response

The DeclineThe Declineof the Western Roman Empireof the Western Roman Empire

The DeclineThe Declineof the Western Roman Empireof the Western Roman Empire

A. The Divided Empire and Its Eastern Orientation1. Third-century crisis

2. Diocletian and the division of the empire

3. Constantine

The DeclineThe Declineof the Western Roman Empireof the Western Roman Empire

B. The Triumph and Transformation of Christianity1. Constantine’s conversion and the legalization

of Christianity

2. The spread of Christianity and the decline of traditional Roman religion

3. Christianity as state religion

The Arch of Constantine in Rome.The Arch of Constantine in Rome.

The DeclineThe Declineof the Western Roman Empireof the Western Roman Empire

C. Crisis and Chaos in the WestC. Eastern and Western Empires diverge

D. Threats on the frontier

E. Germanic invasions and the sack of Rome

MAP 9.2 Hunnic and Germanic Invasions, 370–500 MAP 9.2 Hunnic and Germanic Invasions, 370–500 C.E.C.E.

The DeclineThe Declineof the Western Roman Empireof the Western Roman Empire

D. The Fall of Rome and end of the Western Roman Empire

Early Medieval Europe:Early Medieval Europe:Germanic and Christian Germanic and Christian

ConnectionsConnections

Early Medieval Europe:Germanic Early Medieval Europe:Germanic and Christian Connectionsand Christian Connections

A. The Emergence of Germanic Kingdoms1. Dynastic monarchies

MAP 9.3 Germans Divide the West into Kingdoms, MAP 9.3 Germans Divide the West into Kingdoms, Fifth and Sixth Centuries C.E.Fifth and Sixth Centuries C.E.

Early Medieval Europe:Germanic Early Medieval Europe:Germanic and Christian Connectionsand Christian Connections

B. The Early Medieval Church: Expansion and Adaptation1. Christianization of Germanic peoples

2. Cultural and religious fusion and divergence

3. Monasticism

Abbey of Monte Cassino, on the site of Saint Abbey of Monte Cassino, on the site of Saint Benedict’s first monastery.Benedict’s first monastery.

Early Medieval Europe:Germanic Early Medieval Europe:Germanic and Christian Connectionsand Christian Connections

C. The Franks and Their Effort to Reunite the West1. The Franks and the church

2. Charlemagne

Charlemagne’s chapel at Aachen.Charlemagne’s chapel at Aachen.

MAP 9.4 Charlemagne’s Empire Reunites the West, MAP 9.4 Charlemagne’s Empire Reunites the West, 768–814 C.E.768–814 C.E.

Early Medieval Europe:Germanic Early Medieval Europe:Germanic and Christian Connectionsand Christian Connections

D. Vikings, Muslims, and Magyars: Invasions and Connections1. Ninth-century invasions

2. Consequences

MAP 9.5 Charlemagne’s Grandsons Divide His MAP 9.5 Charlemagne’s Grandsons Divide His Empire, 843 C.E.Empire, 843 C.E.

Early Medieval Europe:Germanic Early Medieval Europe:Germanic and Christian Connectionsand Christian Connections

E. Europe’s Warrior Nobility: Protection, Land, and Power1. The rise of regional warlords

2. Creation of a landed nobility

3. Nobility and warfare

Viking ship.Viking ship.

MAP 9.6 Viking, Muslim, and Magyar Invasions, MAP 9.6 Viking, Muslim, and Magyar Invasions, Ninth and Tenth Centuries C.E.Ninth and Tenth Centuries C.E.

Early Medieval Europe:Germanic Early Medieval Europe:Germanic and Christian Connectionsand Christian Connections

F. Economy and Society: Manors, Lords, and Serfs1. The Manor

2. Serfdom and peasant life

Medieval peasant women helping with the harvest Medieval peasant women helping with the harvest and grinding grain into flour.and grinding grain into flour.

Figure 9.1 Diagram of a Medieval Manor.Figure 9.1 Diagram of a Medieval Manor.

The Decline and RevivalThe Decline and Revivalof the Western Churchof the Western Church

The Decline and RevivalThe Decline and Revivalof the Western Churchof the Western Church

A. From Scandal to Reform1. Scandal and the papacy

2. Reforming popes

B. The Great Schism of 10541. East-West split

The Decline and RevivalThe Decline and Revivalof the Western Churchof the Western Church

C. The Power of the Popes1. Papal supremacy

2. Investiture controversy

3. Crusades

Key Dates and DevelopmentsKey Dates and Developments