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JUDAISM OVER THE CENTURIES Social Studies for 10 th E.G.B. Teacher: Mauricio Torres

Judaism Over the Centuries

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Page 1: Judaism Over the Centuries

JUDAISM OVER THE CENTURIESSocial Studies for 10th E.G.B.

Teacher: Mauricio Torres

Page 2: Judaism Over the Centuries

Roman Era: Revolt, defeat and migration

• When the Romans took over Palestine, the Jews felt they lost some sense of national identity. They soon got tired of foreign rule (Rome).

Page 3: Judaism Over the Centuries

Roman Era: Revolt, defeat and migration

• Revolt Against Rome• A group called the Zealots were the

most rebellious.• They thought they should not answer to

anyone else but God, therefore, they refused to obey Roman officials.

• In 66 AD they finally revolted and fought fiercely against the Romans for four years.

• They were not successful. Jerusalem lay in ruins and the Second Temple was burned to the ground by the Romans.

• When the temple was destroyed, the Jews lost their will to fight and surrendered.

Page 4: Judaism Over the Centuries

Roman Era: Revolt, defeat and migration

• Revolt Against Rome• Masada

• Few Zealots, refused to give up their fight and locked themselves in a mountain fortress called Masada

• The Romans, under the leadership of Titus, sent 15,000 soldiers to smash the revolt.

• The fortress was near impenetrable and the Romans had to build a ramp to reach it.

• Fighting continued for two years.• When the Romans broke in, the

Zealots took their own lives, because they refused to be Roman slaves.

Page 5: Judaism Over the Centuries

Roman Era: Revolt, defeat and migration

• Results of the Revolt• As punishment, the Romans killed most of the population in Jerusalem.• They took he survivors to Rome as slaves.• The few that remained, left because the felt that without the Temple, it

was not worth living in the city any longer.• They migrated to other Jewish communities, specially Alexandria in

Egypt.

Page 6: Judaism Over the Centuries

Roman Era: Revolt, defeat and migration

• Second Revolt• 60 years after Masada, the

Jews chose to revolt once again, tired of Roman rule.

• Once again, the Romans defeated them and they decided to ban all Jews from Jerusalem.

• Once again, they migrated all over the Mediterranean.

Page 7: Judaism Over the Centuries

Roman Era: Revolt, defeat and migration

• Migration and Discrimination• Without a temple, synagogues were now more

important for Jews.• Rabbis, religious teachers, took a greater role in

guiding them in their religious lives.• Yohanan ben Zaccai, a rabbi, founded a school

were he taught about Judaism and trained them to be rabbis.• Rabbis’ ideas shaped Judaism over the centuries and

they also served as community leaders.

• Over the centuries, Jews continued to migrate out of the Mediterranean region into other parts of the world.• Sometimes, this was not voluntary, but due to the

pressure and discrimination of other religious groups.• They settled as far as Russia, Asia and the U.S.

Page 8: Judaism Over the Centuries

Ask Yourself• Analyze:

• What led to the revolt of the Jews against the Romans?• Why did the Zealots choose to commit suicide?

• Cause and effect:• Why did the Romans force out Jews of Jerusalem?• How did the defeat by the Romans affect Jewish history?

• Trace• What are the areas to which the Jews migrated and in what order?

• Evaluate• Why was the destruction of the Temple such a powerful blow to

Jewish culture?

• Describe• How did the Romans finally break into Masada?

Page 9: Judaism Over the Centuries

Bibliography• Burstein, S. M., & Shek, R. (2012). World History

(Teacher´s Edition) (1st Edition ed.). (H. McDougal, Ed.) Orlando, Florida, US.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.

• Images taken from www.google.com