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Introduction to the Sacraments Rev. Paul R. Fisher Pastor, Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament, Harrisburg Diocesan Ecumenical and Interreligious Officer

Intro to the sacraments winter 2016 session 3

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Page 1: Intro to the sacraments winter 2016 session 3

Introduction to the Sacraments

Rev. Paul R. FisherPastor, Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament, Harrisburg

Diocesan Ecumenical and Interreligious Officer

Page 2: Intro to the sacraments winter 2016 session 3

• SACRED SIGN• INSTITUTED BY CHRIST

• ENTRUSTED TO THE CHURCH• WHICH ALWAYS GIVES GRACE

SACRAMENT:

Page 3: Intro to the sacraments winter 2016 session 3

•Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit (Matthew 28:19)• You will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth (Acts 1: 8)• And when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, “This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.” (1 Corinthians 11:24)

By the Lord:

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•What therefore God has joined together, let no man put asunder." And in the house the disciples asked him again about this matter. And he said to them, "Whoever divorces his wife and marries another, commits adultery against her; and if she divorces her husband and marries another, she commits adultery.“ (Mark 10: 9-12)• Jesus said to Simon Peter, “Simon son of John, do you love me more than these?” “Yes, Lord,” he said, “you know that I love you.” Jesus said, “Feed my lambs.” (John 21:15)• He breathed on them and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive anyone’s sins, their sins are forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven.” (John 20: 22-23)• These signs will accompany those who believe: … they will place their hands on the sick, and they will get well.” (Mark 16: 17-18)

Page 5: Intro to the sacraments winter 2016 session 3

The Apostolic Era:• Those who accepted his message were baptized, and about three thousand were added to their number that day.(Acts 2: 41)•When the apostles in Jerusalem heard that Samaria had accepted the word of God, they sent Peter and John to Samaria. … Then Peter and John placed their hands on them, and they received the Holy Spirit.(Acts 8: 14, 17)• For I received from the Lord what I also handed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night he was handed over, took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “This is my body(1 Corinthians 11:23-24)

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• For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife, and they shall be two in one flesh. This is a great sacrament.. (Ephesians 5: 31-32)• They gave them lots, and the lot fell upon Matthias, and he was numbered with the eleven apostles. (Acts 1: 26)

They appointed] presbyters for them in each church and, with prayer and fasting, commended them to the Lord in whom they had put their faith. (Acts 14:23)  They chose Stephen, a man full of faith, and of the Holy Spirit, and Philip, and Prochorus, and Nicanor, and Timon, and Parmenas, and Nicolas, a proselyte of Antioch. These they set before the apostles; and they praying, imposed hands upon them. (Acts 6: 5-6)

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•God was reconciling the world to himself in Christ, not counting their trespasses against them and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation. So we are ambassadors for Christ… (2 Corinthians 5: 19-20)• Is anyone among you sick? He should summon the presbyters of the church, and they should pray over him and anoint with oil in the name of the Lord, and the prayer of faith will save the sick person, and the Lord will raise him up.  (James 5: 14-15)

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The Tradition of the Church:CHRISTIAN INITIATIONPATRISTIC ERA

Prolonged CatechumenateMainly conferred on adults

Baptism-Confirmation-Holy Communion at Easter VigilPOST PATRISTIC ERA

Additional times for initiation (Vigils of Epiphany, Pentecost)

MIDDLE AGESDecline of Catechumenate

Mainly conferred on childrenDelay of Confirmation and Communion

MODERN ERARestoration of Catechumenate (RCIA)

Page 9: Intro to the sacraments winter 2016 session 3

PENANCEPATRISTIC ERA

Order of PenitentsPublic Confession of Sin/Private Confession of Sins

Prolonged PenancesConferred on adults

Reconciliation on Holy ThursdayPOST PATRISTIC ERAPrivate Confessions

IndulgencesMIDDLE AGES

No longer an “order” of PenitentsPrivate Confession/Absolution

Immediate preparation for Holy CommunionAge of Reason

Also for Venial SinsConfessional screen

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BAPTISMMIDDLE AGES

Decline of CatechumenateMainly conferred on Infants and Children

Emphasis on LimboSeparation of Confirmation and Communion

MODERN ERARestoration of Lent/Easter as the Seasons of

BaptismSpecific Rite for Infants and Children

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CONFIRMATIONMIDDLE AGES

Conferred mainly on childrenSeparation from the Rite of Baptism

Delay until puberty“Soldier for Christ”

MODERN ERABaptismal connectionsThe “restored” order“Adult commitment”

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EUCHARISTPATRISTIC ERA

Solemnization of RiteMultiplicity of Rites

Communion in HandCommunion under Both Forms

Communion FastSundays and Feasts

MIDDLE AGESCommunion on Tongue

“First Communion” distinct from other Sacraments of Initiation

Less Frequent CommunionCommunion under One Form

Adoration of the Blessed SacramentDaily Mass

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REFORMATION ERAInfrequent Communion

The “Roman” Rite – Missal of St. Pius VBanquet in the context of a Sacrifice

19TH CENTURYReduction of age of 1st CommunionReduction of the Communion Fast

Liturgical movementMODERN ERA

Missal of Paul VISacrifice in the context of a BanquetCommunion in the Hand as option

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MARRIAGEPATRISTIC ERA

Pastoral Care surrounding MarriagePriestly blessing of existing relationship

Readmission to Holy Communion for Divorced/RemarriedPOST PATRISTIC ERA

Marriage Rite become Civil RiteMIDDLE AGES

Church exercises complete jurisdiction over MarriageCatholics only permitted to marry Catholics

Form of Marriage establishedNo DivorceAnnulments

REFORMATIONSeparation of Sacramental and Civil Marriage

Permission for Mixed MarriagesDispensation to marry unbaptized

MODERN ERAEcumenical Reinterpretation of the Form of Marriage

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HOLY ORDERSPATRISTIC ERA

Bishops, Priests, Deacons chosen by local communitiesClerical ContinencePOST PATRISTIC ERA

Bishops chosen by BishopsMIDDLE AGES

Apprenticeship for candidates to PriesthoodBishops chosen by Pope

Clerical celibacyClerical social class

REFORMATIONFormation in Seminaries

MODERN ERADefinition of the Matter and Form of the Sacrament

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RECONCILIATIONMODERN ERA

Communal Rite of the SacramentReconciliation Chapels/Rooms

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ANOINTING OF THE SICKPATRISTIC ERA

Rite for the Healing of the SickLittle distinction between the Sacrament and non-

sacramental anointingPOST PATRISTIC ERA

Rite in Preparation for DyingMIDDLE AGES

Anointing of the five sensesFor the Forgiveness of Sins in preparation for Final

JudgmentREFORMATION

Attempt at reform of theologyNo real reform in practice

MODERN ERAReform in practice