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Doing It RightDo the
right things
for the
right reasons
(1) Our decisions and actions can reflect different levels of moral reasoning.
(2) When we make decisions based on higher levels of moral reasoning, we learn not only to think of ourselves but also to practice empathy and care for others.
(3) As we reflect on our motives, we develop self-awareness.
MotiveThe reasons behind a person’s
actions.
Examples
(1) Your friend suddenly treats you to lunch, ….
(2) A male friend invites you to his house after school/meal, …
(3) A husband suddenly treats his wife extremely nice, …
(4) A stranger come up to you to talk to you, …
(5) Your boss gives you loads of things to do, …
and etc
Discussion:All of the students have decided to volunteer, but for different reasons. How are their reasons different?
In groups, rank the reasons beginning with the lowest at LEVEL ONE.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Reasoning
Level 1 : FEAR OF PUNISHMENTA person’s decisions and actions are based on fear of punishment, or
rewards that he or she can get.
Level 2 : SELF-INTERESTA person’s decisions and actions are based on wanting to satisfy his
or her own needs.
Level 3 : CONFORMITY TO ROLE EXPECTATIONSA person’s decisions and actions are based on what he or she thinks
he or she is expected to do.
Level 4 : DUTY AND RESPECT FOR AUTHORITYA person’s decisions and actions are based on his or her respect for
authority (not fear of being punished as in Level 1).
Level 5 : COMMON GOOD OF SOCIETYA person’s decisions and actions are based on bringing about the
greatest good for the greatest number of people. He or she does good because it will benefit society.
Level 6 : UNIVERSAL ETHICAL PRINCIPLESA person’s decisions and actions are based on universal ethical
principles.
We may do the right thing, but for very different reasons.
We need to strive to do the right thing for the right reasons.
What should Ken do?
Discuss and present your answers to other groups.
Other groups to use the following rubrics to evaluate their responses.
Level 1 : Reason for action shows a lower level of
moral reasoning based on fear of
punishment and self-interest.
Level 2 : Reason for actions shows a level of moral
reasoning that considers the needs of
others based on role expectations, duty &
respect for authority.
Level 3 : Reason for actions shows a level of moral
reasoning that considers the common
good and universal ethical principles.