The Counter-reformation

By: Mr. Joseph Gayares

CURRENT EVENTS

Corona bought P14.5M condo unit, says witness

By Maila AgerINQUIRER.net3:52 pm | Thursday, January 19th, 2012

MANILA, Philippines—A deed of absolute sale pertaining to a 303.5-square-meter condominium unit in Taguig City in the name of Supreme Court Chief Justice Renato Corona and wife, Cristina, was presented by a witness during the impeachment trial on Thursday.

...The deed of sale, Barzaga said, covered one condominium unit with an area of 303.5 square meters and three parking slots with an area of 12.50 square meters each listed in separate condominium certificate of titles.

“For the record also, I would like to manifest that the selling price as indicated in this deed of absolute sale is P14,510,225,” said Barzaga.

“And further, I’d like to manifest that, in the SALN (statement of assets, liabilities and net worth) which was presented and identified, these Taguig properties were declared for the first time in the SALN of the respondent, Chief Justice Renato Corona, for the year 2010,” Barzaga added.

Impeachment is a formal process in which an official is accused of unlawful activity, the outcome of which, depending on the country, may include the removal of that official from office as well as other punishment.

SALN- statement of assets ,liabilities and networth The governing law is Republic Act No. 6713, otherwise known

as the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees.

The SALN is the badge of honor of the honest civil servant that must be accomplished with pride. It shows that an employee did not exploit his or her public office for illegal gain. On the other hand, it is a prosecutorial tool against those who misuse their office in order to enrich themselves.

Brainstorm before you begin: The Protestant Reformation is sweeping

across Central Europe, England, and even Scandinavia! You have been hired by the Pope to develop ideas that the Church can implement in order to stop believers from converting to these heretical faiths. What are your top 3 ideas? Hurry, you must act quickly, or Protestantism may overrun Europe!

The Counter Reformation 1530s-1648

The Catholic Church’s Response to the Protestant Reformation

The Counter ReformationThe Church had two tactics: Reform the Church from

Within

Council of Trent

Stop the Spread of Protestantism

Water Torture during the Inquisition

What does this sentence mean?

I recognize the Holy Catholic and Apostolic Roman Church as the Mother and Mistress of

all churches; and I vow and swear true obedience to the Roman Pontiff. (Pope)

This is an excerpt from a statement that was written during the Council of Trent. The Council of Trent was a large meeting held by the Catholic Church to discuss

the issue of Protestantism. Based on this excerpt, predict whether they made significant changes to their beliefs.

Reform Within the Church The Council of Trent (1545-1563)

Purpose: The Church held three meetings to discuss reform AND define dogma (official teachings)

Some areas were actually reformed Called for the education of priests Improved discipline and administration among the clergy Indulgences got banned after the Council finished its meetings

But many teachings were not changed, and were instead reinforced; the ideas of the Protestants were rejected

You need faith AND good works to achieve salvation 7 sacraments, not just 2 Bible is written in Latin, not the vernacular language Pope is supreme leader Man has free will (your fate is NOT predestined)

Reform Within the Church The Council helped revitalize the Catholic Church, as

did the creation of new Catholic groups These new religious orders were created to focus on

performing charity and good works This reaffirmed the Catholic tradition that one

needed more than just faith to be saved Lived among the poor and sick Strengthened rural parishes Encouraged pious and simple living

Stopping the Spread of Protestantism

The Church also tried to prove that it was still a powerful institution, just like it had been in the Middle Ages

It continued to stress its orthodox teachings during the Counter-Reformation, and was usually very intolerant of different ways of thinking.

The Church also took measures to reassert its authority in the following ways: The Jesuits The Inquisition The Index of Prohibited Books

Stopping the Spread of Protestantism

The Society of Jesus: The Jesuits A religious group founded by Ignatius Loyola

in 1540 Promoted education Famous for missionary work Strived to gain political influence

Countered the populist Protestant Reformation by working top-down andcounseling kings and princes

Also a bit fanatical in their devotion…

What does this quote by Loyola mean?

“We should always be disposed to believe that that which appears white is really black, if the hierarchy of the Church so decides.”

Stopping the Spread of Protestantism

Index (List) of Banned Books Created in 1559 by the Pope Purpose was to prevent heresy (make sure you

know what this word means) and ensure books were morally correct

Banned both Protestant literature and texts by some intellectuals, like Erasmus

Click on this link to see the list: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/indexlibrorum.asp

Stopping the Spread of Protestantism

The Inquisition Why?

General purpose was to discover heretics (mostly Jews and Muslims, but also Protestants), reinforce Catholic doctrine, and prove the power of the Church

When? 1400s-1800s

Where? Mostly Spain and Italy Different variations took place across Europe, but it was most notorious in Spain Ironic! (These places were strongholds of Catholicism)

How? The accused were put on trial and were guilty until proven innocent… Torture was used to elicitconfessions

Stopping the Spread of Protestantism

Auto-da-fe: “Act of Faith”, a public trial that was usually followed by torture or execution

Was the Counter-Reformation a success?

The Church did not win back many of the “lost souls” that had converted to Protestantism…

But, it shed its reputation for corruption and it spread widely through missionary work

Europe in 1555

Based on the divisions on the preceding map, can you predict what will happen in Europe next?

Massive bloodshed and warfare as members of the different religions battle with each other.

Sources

hereswhatsleft.typepad.com/.../water_torture.png

www.historyonthenet.com/.../queenm_copy.jpg

http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0858834.html

www-personal.ksu.edu/.../00s-233sched1.htm

Translated in Martin D.W. Jones, The Counter Reformation:  Religion and Society in Early Modern Europe.  Cambridge:  Cambridge University Press, 1995, p. 70.]