Hiro Yoshioka, Technical Managing Officer,!Rakuten, Inc.!

Using Open Source at an Internet Company and

Hacker Culture!

2

Agenda

•  Using OSS at Rakuten and Hacker Culture

3

https://twitter.com/yukihiro_matz/status/620418684708786176

4

Software is eating the world

•  http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111903480904576512250915629460

•  Why Software is Eating the World Marc Andreessen August 20, 2011

•  世界はソフトウェアでできている

5

whoami

Name: Hiro Yoshioka Title: Technical Managing Officer Company: Rakuten, Inc 2009 – present My mission: Empower Our Engineers, Build hacker centric culture Twitter: @hyoshiok http://d.hatena.ne.jp/hyoshiok (Diary in Japanese) http://someday-join-us.blogspot.jp/ (in English)

6

whoami

Name: Hiro Yoshioka 2009-present, Rakuten 2000-2008, Miracle Linux, CTO 2002-2003, OSDL board member 1994-2000, Oracle 1984-1994, DEC 1984 Keio University (MS)

I have one patch to Linux Kernel J x86: cache pollution aware patch 2006/6/23, 2.6.18

http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c22ce143d15eb288543fe9873e1c5ac1c01b69a1

7

ネットを支えるオープンソース、ソフトウェアの進化　角川インターネット講座、０２ http://kci-salon.jp/books/02/ 第４章　ハッカー精神とは何かプログラマーに求められる素養と思考方法

8

Who are we?

l  Rakuten, Inc.

l  Internet services company

l  Founded : Feb. 7th 1997, Tokyo, Japan

l  The first service: Rakuten Ichiba (shopping mall)

9

Who are we?

10

Rakuten in Japan

11

12

13

Rakuten Eagles is No. 1 on 2013

http://event.rakuten.co.jp/campaign/eagles/group/

14

Hacker Ethics

•  Sharing •  Openness •  Decentraization •  Free access to computers •  World improvement •  Levy, Steven. (1984, 2001). Hackers: Heroes of

the Computer Revolution (updated edition). Penguin. http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/729

15

Hacker Ethics

•  Access to computers—and anything which might teach you something about the way the world works—should be unlimited and total. Always yield to the Hands-On Imperative!

•  All information should be free •  Mistrust authority – promote decentralization •  Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not

criteria such as degrees, age, race, sex, or position •  You can create art and beauty on a computer •  Computers can change your life for the better

16

Hacker Culture, Common Value

•  Computers can change your life for the better •  rough consensus and working code

•  http://www.ietf.org/tao.html •  It is much easier to apologize than it is to get

permission. By Grace Hopper •  If it's a good idea, go ahead and do it.

許可を求めるな謝罪せよ http://d.hatena.ne.jp/hyoshiok/20110205/p1

17

http://blogs-images.forbes.com/jasonoberholtzer/files/2011/06/Talent_traffic.gif

18

Hacker-centric Culture •  Software Development in Internet Age

•  Hire good programmers •  Good programmers want to work with

good programmers at hacker centric culture

•  Build good work place •  Good programmers make good services

19

The Hacker Way (Facebook) IPO 2012

•  Code wins arguments •  Done is better than perfect •  Continuous Improvement and Iteration •  Open and Meritocratic •  Hackathon – demo or die •  Bootcamp •  http://www.wired.com/business/2012/02/zuck-

letter/

20

Hacker-centric Culture •  Why do we need it?

•  Common Good •  Competitiveness •  Best practice

21

Hacker-centric Culture •  Why do we need it for me?

•  It is fun. •  Reasons

•  Common good (make better world) •  Competitiveness (win a competition) •  Best practice (increase productivity)

22

How do we foster it? •  Corporate culture is developed by implicit and

explicit way •  Only insiders know it

23

The Hacker Way

•  Hackathon •  Demo or Die •  Pizza and Beer

24

Web 2.0 •  Software products vs Internet Services

•  http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html 9/30/2005

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Web_2.0_Map.svg

25

Netscape vs Google •  A native web application, never sold or

packaged, but delivered as a service •  None of the trappings of the old software

industry are present. •  No scheduled software releases, just continuous

improvement. •  No licensing or sale, just usage. •  No porting to different platforms, …, just a

massively scalable collection of commodity PCs running OSS operating systems plus homegrown applications and utilities that no one outside the company ever gets to see.

http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html

26

Open Source

•  History – Public domain – Proprietary Software – Free Software,

•  GNU, 1983, •  GNU General Public License, 1989

– Netscape opened source code, 1998

– Open Source software

27

Open Source license

•  Open Source Definition –  right to use, modify, redistribute

•  http://opensource.org/osd

28

Open Source license

•  copyleft –  require same license to derivative

works – GNU General Public License, AGPL

•  permissive – don’t require same license – MIT, Apache, BSD

29

Top 20 Licenses (2012)

http://www.blackducksoftware.com/resources/data/top-20-licenses

30

Why OSS

•  Innovation – collaboration with community

•  Flexibility –  freedom from vendor lock in

•  Quality –  fixing bugs, enhancements

31

Why do we need OSS license?

•  Collaboration model – Cathedral and Bazaar

•  Eric Raymond, 1997 •  http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/

cathedral-bazaar/

•  Ban Free riders – The Tragedy of the Commons

32

Bazaar

•  Software Development Model •  Engagement

– Users become Developers •  Develop by Community

–  individual vs. organization – volunteers

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Laad_Bazaar.jpg

33

Most of github hosted projects did not have any license.

http://www.blackducksoftware.com/resources/infographics/deep-license-data

34

How can we choose it?

http://choosealicense.com

35

copyleft vs permissive

Source License 2008 2011 2012 Black Duck GNU GPL 70% 56.9% 53.2%

Permissive N/A 25.6% 32.3% FLOSS Mole

GNU GPL 70.8% 62.8% 62.8% Permissive 10.9% 13.4% 13.7%

Google Code

GNU GPL N/A 54.7% 52.7% Permissive N/A 38.0% 37.1%

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o82QmitU4XE OSCON 2013, Eileen Evans, "Licensing Models and Building an Open Source Community"

Projects are increasingly using permissive licenses.

36

OSS Community •  Typical OSS community

–  Charisma, top programmers (e.g., Matsumoto san (Ruby), Linus Torvalds (Linux))

–  Committers (top notch programmers who have the right to add/modify the OSS)

–  Contributors (programmers who submit bug fixes, new proposals, patches)

–  Casual users (report bugs, ask questions, etc)

committers

charisma

contributors

casual users

Matz Yugui

Linus

Greg K Hartman

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AGreg_Kroah-Hartman_lks08.jpg

37

Linux

•  Commits 596K+ •  contributors 14K+ •  lines of code 18M+ •  License GPL v2 •  https://www.openhub.net/p/linux •  (as of 07/16/2015)

38

Ruby

•  commits 39K+ •  contributors 99 •  lines of code 987K+ •  license GPL v2+, Ruby •  https://www.openhub.net/p/ruby •  (as of 07/16/2015)

39

Contributions to recent open source projects

License Project Year Started

Number of Commits

Number of Contributors

Lines of Code

Apache 2.0 OpenStack 2010 62K+ /129K+

1,043 /2,556

0.8 milioons+ /2.0 millions+

Apache 2.0 CloudStack 2010 17K+ /25K+

184 /312

1.7 millions+ /1.5 millions+

GPLv3 Eucalyptus 2009 72K+ /88K+

70 /120

1.3 millions+ /1.5 millions+

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o82QmitU4XE OSCON 2013, Eileen Evans, "Licensing Models and Building an Open Source Community"

(as of May 2013/Dec 2014)

http://www.ohloh.net/p/openstack http://www.ohloh.net/p/CloudStack http://www.ohloh.net/p/eucalyptus

40

Open source and Bazaar

•  Open source software （OSS） – software license

•  Bazaar – Software development model – global distributed collaborative work

41

OSS at Rakuten

•  OSS is everywhere – Manual for collaborating with OSS

community – OSS training

•  Homegrown applications – ROMA (Distributed KVS) – LeoFS (File System)

42

https://rakutentech.github.io/

43

Open source

•  Open information, it evolves •  Patents, Copyright

44

•  Open source, patents, copyright, •  The architecture is different but

purpose is the same •  Making the world better

45

Open Innovation

•  The technology at outside –  collaboration is important

•  Innovation at outside –  vs NIH (Not Invented Here)

•  Community –  fun

46

IT Seminar Calendar of Japan http://eventdots.jp/events/calendar more than 600 meetings/month

47

In Japan

•  Engineers at Web companies •  IT study sessions, workshops,

meetups •  Sharing common value

48

Conferences in Japan

http://ll.jus.or.jp/2014/ http://phpcon.php.gr.jp/w/2014/ http://yapcasia.org/2014/ https://pycon.jp/2014/ http://nodefest.jp/2014/

http://rubykaigi.org/2014 http://gocon.connpass.com/event/9748/

49

Conference

•  Running by volunteers •  Inexpensive, e.g., 5000 yen/day ($50/day) •  Numbers attendees; more than 100 - 1000 •  Sharing technical knowledge and networking •  Beer Bash or Drinking Party (optional) •  Examples, LL event, PHP Conference, YAPC (Yet

another perl conference), RubyKaigi, Tokyo Node Gakuen (Javascript), Go Conference

50

cf. Commercial Conference

•  Running by corporation •  Expensive, e.g., $300-$500/day •  Numbers attendees; more than 1000 •  Sharing technical knowledge and networking •  Party (optional) •  Examples, OSCON $2045 (5 days),

http://www.oscon.com/oscon2013

51

Rakuten Technology Conference 2015 November 21, 2015 Rakuten Crimson House, Futagotamagawa, Tokyo http://tech.rakuten.co.jp/

52

Open Innovation

•  Open Source community = Engine of open innovation

53

•  The future is already here — it's just not very evenly distributed.

by William Gibson

54

•  Be Hacker. •  Make the world a better place.

55

reference

•  License –  http://www.slideshare.net/YutakaKachi/20110211 –  http://handsout.jp/slide/1009

•  Bazaar model –  Producing OSS http://producingoss.com/ja/ –  Cathedral and Bazaar

http://cruel.org/freeware/cathedral.html

•  Open Innovation –  http://books.rakuten.co.jp/rb/5913864/ –  http://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/tyousakai/seisaku/

haihu07/sanko1.pdf