The Ghosts of Java Past, Present and Yet To Come

The$Ghosts$of$Java$Past,$Present$and$Yet$To$Come$Steve$Ellio9$Oracle$UK$8th$December$2015$

Copyright$©$2015,$Oracle$and/or$its$affiliates.$All$rights$reserved.$$|$

The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.

Copyright$©$2015,$Oracle$and/or$its$affiliates.$All$rights$reserved.$$|$ 3$

“It$held$a$branch$of$fresh$green$holly$in$its$hand… $$But$the$strangest$thing$about$it$was,$that$from$the$crown$of$its$head$there$sprung$a$bright$clear$jet$of$light,$by$which$all$this$was$visible;$and$which$was$doubtless$the$occasion$of$its$using,$in$its$duller$moments,$a$great$ex?nguisher$for$a$cap,$which$it$now$held$under$its$arm.”$


h9p://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/03/30/thinkingTsideways$





•  Dynamically$Threaded,$1T8$threads$/$core$•  Concurrent$Memory$MigraYon,$VA$Masking$•  Dual$Issue$OOO$execuYon$unit$•  64$Mb$L3$•  256K$L2$per$core$cluster$•  Crypto$acceleraYon$•  …$


(some)$Influences$on$Java$$$$$(née$GreenTalk/Oak)$

Fortran

LISP

Clojure

Pascal (p-code)

Perl

C

PL/M Smalltalk

Java

occam

BASIC

Ruby

Scala

Coral

Algol

Ada

BCPL

Forth

Simula Modula

C++ Scheme

Objective C

Erlang

Haskell Python

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_programming_languages http://hopl.murdoch.edu.au/

VB

PHP

Groovy

LiveScript/JavaScript

Dart

Go

Mesa Cedar

B

Self (Hotspot)

Kotlin

Ceylon

Fantom

TypeScript

Swift

57#58#59#60#61#62#63#64#65#66#67#68#69#70#71#72#73#74#75#76#77#78#79#80#81#82#83#84#85#86#87#88#89#90#91#92#93#94#95#96#97#98#99#00#01#02#03#04#05#06#07#08#09#10#11#12#13#14#15#



#(née#GreenTalk/Oak)#(some)$Influences$on$Java$


Ole-Johan Dahl Kristen Nygaard

Fortran

LISP

Simula

C


The$Ghost$in$the$(Java$Virtual)$Machine$


(some)$JVMs$&$GC$Collectors$

• Oracle$– HotSpot $ $Serial[Old],$Parallel[Old],CMS$ $RTGC,$G1$

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $Shenendoah$(OpenJDK$JEP$189)$– JRockit $ $MSC$gen/par/com $ $ $JRockit$Real$Time$

•  IBM$– J9 $ $ $thruput,$avgpause,$gencon $ $Balanced,$Metronome$

• Azul$– Zing $ $ $ $ $ $ $C4$(née$GPGC)$$

•  Jikes$(IBM),$Maxine$(Sun),$Squawk$(Sun,$JavaMETSunSpots),$Monty,$KVM…$$ hBps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Java_virtual_machines$


Hotspot$Collectors$

TXX:+UseSerialGC$TXX:+UseParallelGC$TXX:+UseParallelOldGC$TXX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC$TXX:+UseParNewGC$TXX:+UseG1GC$$$


markTsweep$garbage$collecYon$$[McCarthy,$1960]$

OTcode$(BCPL,$$Richards)$$ PTcode$

h9p://www.strongtalk.org/history.html$

“Most$objects$die$young”$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$David$Ungar$K$1984$



A$brief$history$of$(some)$Java$Virtual$Machines…$•  VM$for$Oak$(1992$–$Gosling)$

•  Sun$JDK$:$Alpha/Beta$(1995),$1.0$(1996)$•  JIT$added$in$1.1$(1997)$Cliff$Click$(later$worked$on$C2$server$Compiler)$

•  Sun$acquires$Animorphic$(1997)$David$Ungar,$Lars$Bak,$Urs$Hölzle…$(Self)$+$David$Griswold,$Gilad$Bracha…$(Strongtalk)$$

•  HotSpot$released$(1999)$add$on$for$1.2,$default$in$1.3$

•  CMS$Printezis/Detlefs$(2000)$

•  G1$Printezis/Flood/Heller$(2004)$

•  RTGC$/$Java$RTS$(2009)$[not$acYve]$

•  Appeal$Virtual$Machines$–$Stockholm$(1998)$$$$$Marcus$Hirt,$Marcus$Lagergren…$

•  Acquired$by$BEA$(2002)$•  BEA$Acquired$by$Oracle$(2008)$•  Dynamic$GC$•  DeterminisYc$GC$(~2005)$–$JRRT$Eva$Andreasson$

•  JRockit$Mission$Control$(~2007)$


A$brief$history$of$Java$Virtual$Machines$(contd)$

•  Azul$(2002)$Sellers/Tene/Pillalamarri$

•  Stephen$DeWi9$+$ex$Sun$(2004)$

•  Vega$(2004)$•  Zing$5$(2010)$soxware$only$

C4$Collector$

$

•  IBM$Hursley$T$Java$Technology$Center$(1996)$•  J9$T$IBM$O9owa$Labs$(OTI)$1.4$(2003)$$$$$$$$IBM$Toronto$Labs$

• Metronome$RT$collector$(2003)$•  Balanced$Collector$(2011)$





HotSpot$/$G1$•  Permgen$removal$•  Density$•  JIT$Compilers$(C1/C2$Tiered$CompilaYon)$•  GC$improvements$/$G1$/$RaYonalisaYon$•  Ergonomics$•  InstrumentaYon$/$Tuning$/$Performance$$•  Cloud$–$MulYTTenancy.$IsolaYon$/$Resource$Management.$•  AOT$CompilaYon$(h9ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xybzyv8qbOc$)$•  DeterminisYc$GC$/$Low$Latency$

$


Concurrency$/$Threads$/$Java$Memory$Model$



2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1.4 5.0 6 7 8 java.lang.Thread

java.util.concurrent (jsr166)

Fork/Join Framework (jsr166y)

Project Lambda Concurrency$in$Java$

Phasers,#etc#(jsr166)#


Guy$Steele$JVM$Language$Summit$2013$


h9p://shipilev.net/talks/narniaT2555TjmmTpragmaYcsTen.pdf$$h9ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TxqsKzxyySo$$(VJUG)$


h9p://www.cs.umd.edu/~pugh/java/memoryModel$$





h9p://www.infoq.com/arYcles/TheTOpenJDK9TRevisedTJavaTMemoryTModel$


JVM$Language$Summit$2015$VarHandles$(nee$enhanced$volaYles)$$(Paul$Sandoz$video$from$August$11th$2015)$h9ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycKn18LtNtk$


Security$




Java$Security$

•  Java$Language$Security$and$Bytecode$VerificaYon$•  Security$APIs$and$Libraries$

– Cryptography:$JCA/JCE$– PublicTKey$Infrastructure$(PKI):$CerYficates,$CertPaths$– AuthenYcaYon:$JAAS,$Kerberos$– Secure$CommunicaYon:$JSSE$(SSL/TLS),$GSSTAPI,$SASL$– Access$Control:$Security$Manager,$Policy,$JAAS$– XML$Signature$

•  Tools:$jarsigner,$keytool$






JDK$9$Security$Features$h@p://openjdk.java.net/jeps/0#

•  JEP$219:$Datagram$Transport$Layer$Security$(DTLS)$

•  JEP$229:$Create$PKCS12$Keystores$by$Default$

•  JEP$232:$Improve$Secure$ApplicaYon$Performance$

•  JEP$244:$TLS$ApplicaYonTLayer$Protocol$NegoYaYon$Extension$

•  JEP$246:$Leverage$CPU$InstrucYons$for$GHASH$and$RSA$

•  JEP$249:$OCSP$Stapling$for$TLS$•  JEP$273:$DRBGTBased$SecureRandom$ImplementaYons$

43$


Distributed$Java$

c$$1994$(via$James$Gosling’s$old$blog)$


Web#Services#SOAP#

REST#

RMIPIIOP#IIOP#

(2001)$

(1991)$

(1991)$

(1996)$

(2000$T$h9p1.1$1996T1999)$

(1998)$

(2014)$

RMI#(1996)$

DCOM#(1996)$

WebSockets$(2011)$

SSL#/#TLS#(1995)$$$$$$(1999)$

MQQT/COAP#XMPP#etc#





Roadmap$Update$Updated$version$post$talk$on$8th$Dec.$$h9p://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk9Tdev/2015TDecember/003237.html$

49$

h9p://openjdk.java.net/projects/jdk9$h9ps://wiki.openjdk.java.net/display/AdopYon/JDK+9+Outreach$$


Move$out$6$months$

23rd#March#2016#


Move$out$6$months$


Java$End$of$Public$Updates$(EoPU)$

• Public$Java$updates$are$available$unYl$all$three$of$these$condiYons$occur$$– Three$years$axer$general$availability$– One$year$axer$being$superseded$by$a$new$major$release$– Six$months$axer$the$new$major$release$is$made$the$default$on$java.com$$


• Project#Valhalla $ $h9p://openjdk.java.net/projects/valhalla$•  Value$Types$–$aggregates$without$idenYty$h9p://cr.openjdk.java.net/~jrose/values/valuesT0.html$

•  SpecializaYon$–$templated$types$on$demand$h9p://cr.openjdk.java.net/~briangoetz/valhalla/specializaYon.html$

•  JMM$Update$–$VarHandles$

• Project#Panama $ $h9p://openjdk.java.net/projects/panama$•  Arrays$2.0$–$flexible$array$implementaYon$and$organizaYon$•  Layouts$–$flexible$object$layout$•  FFI$(JEP$191)$–$be9er$naYve$code$interop$

Post$Java$9$

h9p://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/valhallaTdev$h9p://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/panamaTdev$


John$Rose$@$JVM$language$summit$July$2014$h9p://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/community/jlssessionsT2255337.html$

54$






Acknowledgments$&$Links$(1/2)$• Wikipedia$

–  h9ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_DickensTA_Christmas_CarolTTitle_pageTFirst_ediYon_1843.jpg$–  h9ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Last_of_the_SpiritsTJohn_Leech,_1843.jpg$–  h9ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TI_microSPARC_I_die.jpg$–  h9ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Intel_PenYum_P54C_die.jpg$

•  JVM$Language$Summit$–  h9p://openjdk.java.net/projects/mlvm/jvmlangsummit$$


Acknowledgments$&$Links$(2/2)$• Others$

–  Oracle$M7$PresentaYon$from$HotChips$2014$/$Stephen$Philips$–  Language$Based$Virtual$Machines$/$Lars$Bak$h9p://aosd.net/2012/images/stories/bak.pdf$–  Aleksey$Shipilev$h9p://shipilev.net/blog/2014/jmmTpragmaYcs$–  Oracle$Java$DocumentaYon$h9ps://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se8/html/jlsT17.html$–  ACM$Queue$h9ps://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=2034639$–  The$Eight$Fallacies$of$Distributed$CompuYng$/$James$Gosling$(old)$home$page$–  Roadmaps$(OpenWorld$2015)$/$Aurelio$GarciaTRibeyro$h9ps://publishedTrs.lanyonevents.com/published/oracleus2015/sessionsFiles/1467/CON9682_GarciaTRibeyroTCON9682TOOW2015TJavaSEAdvanced.pdf$–  ThreatTModeling$the$JVM$[CON2031]$(JavaOne$2015)$/$Erik$Costlow$–  Duke$images$h9ps://duke.kenai.com$Merry$Christmas$h9ps://duke.kenai.com/animaYons/DukeTuxChristmas.gif$

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Software

The Ghosts of Java Past, Present and Yet To Come