DevOps and the Cloud: All Hail the Developer King

onDeveloper Mode:

Daniel Bryant @danielbryantuk

Steve Poole@spoole167

Outline• On the previous episode of JAX London

– The rise of DevOps and the promise of microservices

• Today– The reality of microservices, containers and DevOps– A modern architecture of an application

• Monolitically Complex -> modularly complex++• It’s real, it makes sense, it’s scary

– Tooling, continual learning and befriending ops

• Your choices…

I (we) am the one who knocks…Steve Poole

IBM Developer

@spoole167

Daniel Bryant

Principal Consultant, OpenCredo

@danielbryantuk

Making Java Real Since Version 0.9

Open Source Advocate

DevOps Practitioner (whatever that means!)

Driving Change

“Biz-dev-QA-ops”

Leading change in organisations

All over Docker, Mesos, k8s, Go, Java

InfoQ, DZone, Voxxed contributor

2014 -> Moving to DevOps: Easy, Hard or Just Plain Terrifying

• Extending agility across your IT org• From waterfall to agile, (and agile-fall in Ops)• Breaking down the silos• CI/CD is key (automate all the things)• Business need to react -> DevOps and Cloud• Recommended Ruby, Docker and Vagrant

This Year

• Containers are mainstream– Orchestration platforms are

where the action is at– And the container bolt-ons are

evolving (storage, networking)

• #DOES14 showed enterprises are embracing DevOps– ‘Bimodal IT’ is really a thing

https://www.flickr.com/photos/tristantaussac/

Part 1- Painful Lessons…

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All I hear is microservices…

“In computing, microservices is a software

architecture style in which complex applications are composed of small, independent processes communicating with each other using language-agnostic APIs. These

services are small, highly decoupled and focus on doing a small task,

facilitating a modular approach to system-building.”

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microservices

Microservices

Turn applications into small, independent, highly decoupled, modular services

https://www.flickr.com/photos/daikrieg/

You want to make my life more complicated?

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Where’s the problem?

browserApp A V1.0

Database

browser

You

Your Customers

server

Data Centre

browserLoad balancer

App A V2.0

App AV2.0

App BV1.0

Database

browserDatabase

Ops

browserLoad balancer

App A V2.0

App AV2.0

App BV1.0

Database

browserDatabase

browser

App A V2.0

App AV2.0

App BV1.0

browser

browser

Load balancer

App A V2.0

App AV2.0

App BV1.0

Database

Database

browser App A V2.0

App AV2.0

App BV1.0

browser

browser

browser

browser

browser

Load balancer

Database

browser

Load balancer

App A V2.1

App AV2.1

App BV1.0

Database

Database

browser App A V2.1

App AV2.1

App BV1.0

browser

browser

browser

browser

browser

Load balancer

Database

A simple upgrade or a major impact?

lost revenue or going out of business?

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What lessons have we learnt?

Sharing datastores sounds like it saves effort but introduces cohesion between applications

Big-bang versioning of applications means putting existing unchanged usecases at risk

Scaling is challenging when you try to duplicate whole systems

Infrastructure – it’s much more important than we realized

Part 2 - Build Your Own Platform?

Adrian Cockcroft’s Thoughts

Alexis Richardson’s Thoughts

http://wikibon.com/wp-content/uploads/container_implementations.png

Technology Choices

The Anatomy of a Modern Platform?(Maybe in the Googlesphere…)

http://www.eightypercent.net/post/layers-in-the-stack.html

What’s Wrong with PaaS?

Part 3 – Safety first

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Tooling – what’s left to do?

Dynamic DevelopmentCapacity

Predefined static VM’s LPARs etc

OpenStack Cloud(s)

Docker Cloud

Infrastructure as CodeChef, Puppet, UCD …

OS

Infra On Prem Data Centres

Cloud ProvidersSoftLayer / Amazon etc

Config Containerized Applications

Continuous AvailabilityMesos etc

Deploy

Pipeline

Block Architecture of Hybrid Cloud Dev

SaaS

Primary Audience

GIT / Jenkins / Junit …. Selenium, Jmeter…

✔

✔

✔

✔

✔

Application DIY

Dynamic DevelopmentCapacity

Predefined static VM’s LPARs etc

OpenStack Cloud(s)

Docker Cloud

Infrastructure as CodeChef, Puppet, UCD …

OS

Infra On Prem Data Centres Cloud ProvidersSoftLayer / Amazon etc

Config Containerized Applications

Continuous AvailabilityMesos etc

Deploy

Pipeline

Block Architecture of Hybrid Cloud Dev

SaaS

Primary Audience

GIT / Jenkins / Junit …. Selenium, Jmeter…

Other static hosts (‘BYOD’)

DIY

Application DIY

Dynamic DevelopmentCapacity

Predefined static VM’s LPARs etc

OpenStack Cloud(s)

Docker Cloud

Infrastructure as CodeChef, Puppet, UCD …

OS

Infra On Prem Data Centres Cloud ProvidersSoftLayer / Amazon etc

Config Containerized Applications

Continuous AvailabilityMesos etc

Deploy

Pipeline

Block Architecture of Hybrid Cloud Dev

SaaS

Primary Audience

GIT / Jenkins / Junit …. Selenium, Jmeter…

Other static hosts (‘BYOD’)

DIY

Compliance / Security ContainersVM Images

Application DIY

Dynamic DevelopmentCapacity

Predefined static VM’s LPARs etc

OpenStack Cloud(s)

Docker Cloud

Infrastructure as CodeChef, Puppet, UCD …

OS

Infra On Prem Data Centres Cloud ProvidersSoftLayer / Amazon etc

Config Containerized Applications

Continuous AvailabilityMesos etc

Deploy

Pipeline

Block Architecture of Hybrid Cloud Dev

SaaS

Primary Audience

GIT / Jenkins / Junit …. Selenium, Jmeter…

Other static hosts (‘BYOD’)

DIY

Compliance / Security ContainersVM Images

Application DIY

Tooling Status

• Cloud OS technology is mainstream• As you rise up the stack the quality (and options

) vary• Your main challenge:– Create a robust (self-healing), secure, compliant

environment with a bag of parts that is still evolving

• Roll your own? – We still do

Some suggestions

• Applications– Serenity BDD, Junit – Infrastructure– RoleSpec, ChefSpec, – ServerSpec

• ‘ilities’– JMeter, Gatling,

flood.io– ZAP, Google Cloud

Scanner

https://www.flickr.com/photos/mulliganstu/

You do understand about security and compliance right?

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Where’s your data?

Legal restrictions on data locationVary by country even within the EU. Different rules depending on types of data

You already know this?

But now you’re putting the data in the cloud.

DO YOU understand where its goingCan you control / manage / audit the situation?

Now it’s your problem.

Having fun finding tools to help

How’s your security knowledge?• Again – now it’s your problem

– Your code is running in the cloud– You created the services & the containers– Are they secure?– How do you test?– Are you sure?– Are those web services you’re buying secure?

• How much do you know about networking?– Not enough…

• Cyber crime is big business – you will get targeted. https://www.flickr.com/photos/61423903@N06/

CybercrimeThe estimated cost of Cybercrime is $100 billion per year

500 million victims per year

600,000 facebook accounts compromised per day

28% of cyber attacks are around SQL injection

Only 5% of successful attacks are against Banks, Credit, Financials etc 35% of successful attacks are against businesses in general

50% of attacks come from hackers – just for the fun if it

60% caused losses to the business

Talk to your Ops team

• They are your best friends.– They know about security and networking. • You need to know too

– They know (some) of the answers• It’s a whole new domain for you

– It’s not a new problem for them• Time to learn

Part 4 - Sharing is Caring

The Results of the Survey Are In…

• Puppet Labs 2015 State of DevOps– Available: puppetlabs.com/2015-devops-report

• Accelerates deployment– High performers 30x more deploys– Code committed to production 200x faster

• Prevents failures and streamlines recovery– High performers 60x fewer failures– Recovery 168x faster

gotocon.com/dl/goto-london-2015/slides/NicoleForsgren_DevOpsNext.pdf

Culture…

05/02/2023 @danielbryantuk

DevOps: Share the Pain...

05/02/2023 @danielbryantuk

“Dev-on-call”

An occasional spike to the head is a good thing...

...metaphorically speaking

• You build it, you run it– Shared responsibility– Communication

05/02/2023 @danielbryantuk

Why Take Responsibility?

www.infoq.com/news/2015/06/too-big-to-fail

Cross-functional Teams (FTW)

• Spotify (bit.ly/1C46ZKo)– Culture

• Amazon (bit.ly/1F3Dgkm)– Communication

• Gilt (gi.lt/1rgyWvO)– Strategic alignment

05/02/2023 @danielbryantuk

When Things (Inevitably) Go Bad…

Monitoring and People

“It” Happens

• Failure happens all the time in the cloud– Distributed systems are complex– Container/cluster tech promotes transiency

• Get used to failing… literally– Run ‘Gamedays’– Disaster in Recovery Training (DiRT)– bit.ly/1L43U4H

Part 5

The Future

Is DevOps Dead?

False Start, Dead, or Alive and Kicking?

• We see lots of ‘DevOps’ teams in the wild– They often look suspiciously similar to ops teams

that are using Puppet/Chef

• Advanced companies leaning towards – (Full stack) developers– Platform (tooling) teams– Site Reliability Engineers (SREs)

“Programmable” Infrastructure?

And the Tooling…Well...

Server-less Infra? #IsOpsDead

But wait! What about the “-ilities”?

The Elephant in the Room

• Security…

• “What is Rugged All About?”– gotocon.com/dl/goto-london-2015/slides/JoshuaC

orman_WhatIsRuggedAllAbout.pdf

• “The Future of Containers”– www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jBTHyo0mEQ

Part 6 – Conclusions

Be Wary of Shiny SaaS• SaaS tools can be like crystal– Easy to get started– Initially you have fun– Encourages you to attend the

wrong (root cause) parties– Soon you’re selling Grandma

for the next (support) hit– You eventually lose friends

(and your teeth may fall out)htt

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Key Messages

• Containers are here to stay– You need to learn how to design applications in a

new way (‘microservices’)• The stack is still not baked – but is getting there• “Safety first”– It’s a wild world out there – you must understand

about security, networking and the the rise of the cyber criminal

• Make your ops team your best friend

Other Tech Tips • Golang dominates infrastructure and tooling

• Learn about clustering and scheduling– Mesos, Kubernetes, Nomad– Borg, Omega, Google’s DaaC

• Network skills essential (virtualization, overlays, OSI)

• Multi-cloud appears a solid bet– Neutrality / abstraction – Resource managers, OpenStack, Terraform, Ansible…

Thanks – Questions?

Daniel Bryant@danielbryantuk

Steve Poole@spoole167