C++ and Embedded Linux - a perfect match

COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI

C++ and Embedded Linux: a perfect matchVinicius Zein | Fundação CERTI


https://br.linkedin.com/in/viniciuszein

Vinicius Tadeu Zein R&D Coordinator @CERTI Foundation

• Responsible for the Embedded Systems team

• More than 10 years developing Embedded Systems

• In companies like Atmel, LG Electronics and CERTI


R&D Institute

Founded in 1984 with the mission to develop technology solutions for products and processes

500 employees

Private, but results are reinvested in R&D

MCTI and SUFRAMA accredited – projects with “Lei de Informática”, “Lei do Bem” and Embrapii

More than 500 clients around the world


The information in this presentation was compiled from sources believed to be reliable for informational purposes only.Content includes opinions, presentations, articles, hyperlinks or other third party content (“Third Party Material”) that is not intended to, nor constitutes an endorsement by CERTI of the author or the Third Party Materials. The content and views within the Third Party Material are solely those of the third party and do not reflect the opinions of CERTI.The opinions expressed in this presentation and on the following slides are solely those of thepresenter and not necessarily those of CERTI. CERTI does not guarantee the accuracy orreliability of the information provided herein.

.Disclaimer


SUMMARY

CHAPTER 1

Embedded Linux

CHAPTER 2

C++

CHAPTER 3

Development tools and debugging

CHAPTER 4

Test frameworksCHAPTER 5

Test driven developmentCHAPTER 6

Final considerations


Embedded Linux

Chapter 1


CAPÍTULO 1 | LINUX EMBARCADO


Telephone exchangesIP Phones and SmartphonesTVs and Set-top boxesPrintersElectronic Control Units for carsCamerasAndroid systems

CHAPTER 1 | EMBEDDED LINUX


C++CHAPTER 2


C++“cee plus plus” CHAPTER 2 Multi-paradigm

Object orientedTemplates, inline functionsMetaprogrammingHigh-performative and powerfullLots of toolsCompatibility with C - just in case ;)STL, Boost, ACEEvolving language

CHAPTER 2 | C++

C++85 style "C with Classes”, C++98, C++03, C++11, C++14, C++17


Don’t loweryour level of abstraction

without a good reason!

Low-

leve

l im

plie

sM

ore

code

Mor

e bu

gsHi

gher

mai

nten

ance

cos

ts


Embedded Linux

C++

Perfect match

CHAPTER 2 | C++


DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING

CHAPTER 3


CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING

“Making Embedded Linux Easy

Buildroot is a simple, efficient and easy-to-use tool to

generate embedded Linux systems through cross-

compilation.”

Build systems > Buildroot



Build systems > Yocto Project

“It's not an embedded Linux distribution

– it creates a custom one for you”



Build systems >AutoconfRakeBoost.BuildQmakeSconsCMake



IDEs * Code edition and navigation

VimEmacsSublime Text 2 Eclipse CDT

NetbeansSlickEditQtCreatorJetBrains AppCode

If debugging is the process of removing bugs, then programming must be the process of putting them inEdsger Dijkstra



Debugging

LogsCommand Line Interface (CLI)gdb (post morten)gdb + gdbserverdddGoogle BreakPad

For each bug found, a new unit test.


CAPÍTULO 3 | FERRAMENTAS DESENVOLVIMENTO E DEBUGGING

Debugging > GDB

Post mortengdb <program> -c <core_file>bt full -> backtraceprint <variable>frame <frame_id>thread <thread_id>






Debugging > Breakpad


Debugging > Breakpad



Continuos integration



Other tools > Static annalysis coverity, cppcheckCoverage– ccccValgrind, tcmalloc




Code coverage



Test frameworks for C++

CHAPTER 4


CHAPTER 4 | TEST FRAMEWORKS FOR C++

Unit tests – gtest > Well documentedMultiplatformLinux, Windows, Mac OS XEasy to use, easy to configure1 execution > multiple failures

COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI Unit tests – gtest






gmock >Google Mocking Framework for tests in C++

Real targets are not always available

Simulating behaviorCreating emulators


COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI gmock






Google Benchmarkhttps://github.com/google/benchmarkFunction benchmarking


https://github.com/google/benchmark

https://github.com/google/benchmark

COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI Google Benchmark

Test driven development

CHAPTER 5


CHAPTER 5 | TEST DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT

Final considerations

CHAPTER 6


Use smart pointers

std::shared_ptr, std::scoped_ptr, std::unique_ptr


RAIIRAII


CAPÍTULO 6 | Final considerations

RAII

RAIIResource Acquisition Is Initialization


Use a code standardhttp://www.chromium.org/developers/coding-stylehttp://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/cppguide.xmlhttp://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html

http://www.chromium.org/developers/coding-style

http://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/cppguide.xml

http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html


Unit test firstThen code

>TDD


Prefere

STL/Boost

algorithms


?


Thanks!Vinicius [email protected]

r


ReferencesSlide 6 http://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/csimmonds-embedded-linux-timeline-2013.pdf

Slide 11 http://ecn.channel9.msdn.com/events/GoingNative12/GN12Cpp11Style.pdf

Slides 24, 25 and 26 https://code.google.com/p/google-breakpad/wiki/GettingStartedWithBreakpad

Slide 48 http://www.pathfindersolns.com/

http://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/csimmonds-embedded-linux-timeline-2013.pdf



http://ecn.channel9.msdn.com/events/GoingNative12/GN12Cpp11Style.pdf



https://code.google.com/p/google-breakpad/wiki/GettingStartedWithBreakpad



http://www.pathfindersolns.com/

Software

C++ and Embedded Linux - a perfect match