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Service System for Social Innovation in Education: A
Developing Country PerspectiveSiddike, Md. Abul Kalam, Youji Kohda and Iffat Tasnim Haque
Graduate School of Knowledge ScienceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
{kalam,kohda,s1350208}@jaist.ac.jp1st December 2014
Presentation Outline•Background and research objectives•Research methodology and results• Service system template for social innovation (SI)•Proposed new social innovation• Future research directions
2
Research Background and Objectives
3
Social Innovation (SI) as a Service
• SI is a novel solution to a social problem (Phills et al., 2008).
• SI is very urgent issue for solving very complex problems in our society.
• In service science it is considered that “everything is service”. SI is considered as a service.
4
Service System for Social Innovation
•Business model is the exchange of money and goods.
• Service system is the extension of business model.
• In case of SI, there is no service system in the social domain at the beginning. Therefore, we need to develop a new service system to solve the social problems from the scratch.
5
Research Goals• In this research, we focus on education in a
developing country.• In the developing countries, there are variety of
pressing issues.• Formal education systems in the developing countries
are unable to meet the demand of the poor people.• Therefore, some individual social entrepreneurs of are
putting their system changing ideas into practice.
6
Research Objectives• To develop service system template for social
innovation in the field of education;
• To suggest a new social innovation through the combination of MOOCs and crowdsourcing in the field of education in the developing countries.
7
Our Approach• First, we review literature on “Effectuation theory” and
“Institutionalization”.• Secondly, we use 17 “Ashoka Fellows” in the field of
“Education” in Bangladesh.• Ashoka is the world’s largest association of leading social
entrepreneurs. • From this, finally we will develop “service system template”
for SI in developing countries.
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Literature Review
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Two Phases of Social Innovation• In the entrepreneurship, the process of effect change in
market is called “effectuation”. • Effectuation theory describes the process of system change
and to what extent the system will be changed we cannot control and can not predict. • It is a try and error process.•When the beneficiary group becomes large, then the
participation to the group becomes as a social norm. This social norm is related to social institutionalization.
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Development Process of Social Innovation
Target for social innovation
Employment opportunity
Educational opportunity
Additional educational materials
Firs
t pha
se o
f SI
Support for social innovation
Seco
nd
phas
e of
SI
Effectuation
Institutionalization or social norm
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Case Analysis
12
Selection of Cases• We selected 17 “Ashoka Fellows” in the field of “Education” in
Bangladesh.• Ashoka Fellows are leading social entrepreneurs who recognize
to have innovative solutions to social problems and the potential to change patterns across society. • Ashoka maintains very rigorous process for selection of Fellows. • The description of each case contains essential information of
the essence of success factor of SI. • Even the analysis of 17 cases are considered as good source for
the development of final service system template.13
Procedures of Analysis• Initially, we retrieve of 17 cases from Ashoka database from 1988-2008.• Secondly, three researchers read individually all the cases for
understanding the essence of service system of every case.• Thirdly, each member present his or her understanding of the essence
of every case during “Social Innovation Research Group Meeting”. • During the discussion, we develop service system for each case. But the
components of each service system was same. In some cases, it was different. • Through this way, finally we develop the final service system for SI
innovation in the field of education in developing countries.
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Ashoka Fellows in Education of Bangladesh
Cases Ashoka Fellows Year of election
1 Muhammad Ibrahim Sobhan 1988/1/182 Mashuda Khatun Shefali 1990/12/303 Mohammaed Serajul Islam (Shaikh) 1992/11/24 Samnata Barua 1993/6/295 Runa doja Khan 1994/12/66 Mahbuba Leena 1994/12/317 Mostafa Shiblee 1996/1/138 Afsan Chowdhury 1998/1/109 Mahabub Zamal Shamim 1998/1/10
10 Fatima Khanam 1998/12/2711 Shahidul Chowdhury 2001/9/2712 Quazi Iqbal Sabery 2002/6/1613 Shamushul Palash 2002/6/1614 Matin Ahmed 2003/6/2515 Omar Azad Chowdhury 2004/7/2816 A.K.M. Masksud 2006/8/617 Munir Hasan 2008/8/18
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Social Problems in the Field of Education
• Education is luxuries and expensive for the poor and landless families.• Student are less creative due to lack of user friendly and goal oriented text-books.• Learning computers are not available in the rural areas.• University student politics creates violence and distraction from education.• Children have less opportunity outside the classroom to utilize their time in
creative activities in rural areas.• Children have less attraction and more fear in learning science.• Bede community is deprived from the socio-economic benefits.• Mathematics as an optional subject in 11 and 12 grade creates less science
graduates.
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get hirededucate
Entrepreneurs
Students
Educator
TraditionalTrainingContent
AddedTrainingContent
Skilled English teachers and IT experts from universities
pay
Provide English education
support
Educational opportunity Employment opportunity
IT Education with English Language (1)
IT Education with English Language (2)
• Here, entrepreneurs provide IT education with English language.
• Experienced and skills teachers are hired from American Embassy, BUET and renowned universities of Bangladesh for teaching computers and English language.
• As computer education is not enough for getting jobs that’s why the entrepreneurs provide English language additionally free of cost.
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Need educationeducate
Entrepreneurs
Women
Educator
Safe housing
Literacy training
Women are already working in Garments industry
provide
support
Educational opportunity Employment opportunity
Literacy Education of Women Workers (1)
Literacy Education of Women Workers (2)
• Here women are working in the garment industry. But they are illiterate.• They need safe housing and illiteracy skills.• Entrepreneurs make safe housing as well as night school at
the safe home for providing torch of education among the women.• Entrepreneurs also provide good education for the children
of the women.
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Service System Template for Social Innovation
Get hiredEducate
Supporter
Target
Entrepreneur
Traditionaleducational material
Additionaleducational material
for the work
who needs people properly educated
Pay
Support
Education opportunity
Employment opportunityEmployer,
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Proposed Application of MOOCs and Crowdsourcing for New SI
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Massive Open Online Courses• Now ICT is well-developed
and people are enjoying the blessing of ICT.
• MOOCs aim to unlimited participation and open access via the web.
• Provides interactive user forums to build community.
23
Crowdsourcing• ‘Crowdsourcing’ as a ‘task matching’
or ‘search and suitable matching’ with some exchange of money. • Here, people can make money by
working on HITs• Human Intelligence Tasks - are
individual tasks that you work on• As a Mechanical Turk Worker we: • Can work from home • Choose our own work hours • Get paid for doing good work
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Application of MOOCs and Crowdsourcing for New SI
Get tasksLearn
NGO
RuralpeopleTraditional
educational material
Computer literacy, business literacy, etc.
Micro tasks, such as human picture analysis, icon design, and opinion survey
Provide
Support
MOOCs Crowdsourcing
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Conclusion• Propose a new SI in the field of education in Bangladesh through the
combination of MOOCs and crowdsourcing.• Application of MOOCs will enhance the online experiences and
increase computer literacy skills of the rural people.• Therefore, rural people will get opportunities to do some jobs through
crowdsourcing.• People might think that the new SI through the combination of
MOOCs and crowdsourcing is still decades away from realization, but we expect that it will be put into practice in the near future with backing from the rapid changes in the world.
26
Questions Please??!!!Thank you very much!!!
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