CARPET 101

Technical Session

AGENDA

Fiber Types used in Commercial Carpets Solution Dye Vs Millitron Dye Milliken Performance Enhancements

Technical Session

Fiber Types

Technical Session

wooltraditionalexpensivehigher weight for

performanceresistance to

cigarette burnswarm and natural

hand

Fiber Typenatural

Technical Session

Wool Fiber – surface scales

80/20 Wool Nylon

Wool Fiber

Nylon Fiber

olefin (polypropylene)economical to manufacturesolution dyedcrushes easilyattracts oil

Fiber Typeman-made

Technical Session

melting point - olefin

OLEFIN

WOOL COTTON LINEN30 sec 5 sec 3 sec

TYPE 6,6 NYLON

WOOL COTTON LINEN30 min 15 min 10 min

OLEFIN M.P. = ~180C

NYLON 6 M.P. = ~215C

POLYESTER M.P. = ~249C

NYLON 6,6 M.P. = ~260C

Technical Session

nylontwo types of nylon

type 6 type 6,6

resilientresistant to abrasioncolor retention (with

properly selected dyes)

Fiber Typeman-made

Technical Session

TYPE 6 NYLONTYPE 6,6 NYLON

hexamethylene diamineadipic acid caprolactam

Type 6,6 vs. Type 6 Nylonmolecular structure

Technical Session

TYPE 6,6 NYLON(tighter molecular structure)

TYPE 6 NYLON(more open molecular structure)

Stain ResistanceType 6 vs. Type 6,6 nylon

Technical Session

Nylon Fiber

Nylon 6Softer handEasier to dyeBetter color yieldUsed in “Mill

Extruded” Solution Dye

Nylon 6.6More resilient (20%

more than type 6)Superior texture

retentionMore resistant to soil

and stainsMore resistant to

fading

Technical Session

ROUND

TRILOBAL(SHORT)

TRILOBAL(LONG)

HOLLOW FILAMENT

4 fiber shapes

Technical Session

modification ratio

< 1.5 MR2.5 MR > 3.5 MR

Technical Session

Type 6 Trilobal Nylon

Type 6,6 Nylon, Mixed Denier

HIGHESTResidential

LOWEST Commercial

BRIGHT SEMI-DULL MID-DULL

diamond Chalk – TiO2

LUSTER

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Solution Dye Vs

Millitron Dye

Technical Session

PropertiesColor added at extrusionColors are typically resistant to

fadingColor offering is limited to about 125

colorsSolution dyed fiber CAN stain and

soil – “not bullet proof”Mill extruded SDN is always Type 6

nylon

Solution dyed Nylon

Technical Session

Mill Extruded Type 6 Nylon

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Types of Dyeing Methods Solution Dye

Colorant is added to molten polymer Stock Dye

Staple fiber is dyed before spinning Yarn Dye

Yarn is dyed after it has been spun. Space dyeing is a variation of yarn dyeing.

Piece Dye Carpet is dyed after it has been formed

Injection Dye - Millitron Pressurized dye solution is injected onto the face of

carpet with a series of small jets.

Technical Session

Millitron Dyeing Method

Technical Session

Millitron

The Millitron is a proprietary, continuous dye injection machine which injects color into the carpet pile through an electronically

controlled valve and jet system to create the design.

Technical Session

Undyed Nylon Fiberneutral

Technical Session

T 6,6 Nylon Fiberpositive

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pH 4-6Technical Session

T 6,6 Nylon Fiberpositive

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Heat and Moisture applied – expands openings

Technical Session

neutral

T 6,6 Nylon Fiber

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Ionicly Bonded ColorLocked In Pre-metallized

Dye ParticlesTechnical Session

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Fiber Performance MeasuresType 6,6

NylonType 6Nylon

80 /20Wool / Nylon

SolutionDyed Nylon

SolutionDyed Olefin

Light Fastness

Ozone Fastness

Staining Resistance

Soiling Resistance

Resilience

Cost

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Excellent

Good

Poor

Milliken

Technical Session

CARPET PERFORMANCE

ENHANCEMENTS

Technical Session

Carpet Performance Enhancements

AlphaSanTM—AntimicrobialSafe – silver basedNon-migrating

StainSmartTM

Stain ResistRepellancyRelease Technology – nano particle

application

ColorsealTM – Bleach Protection Technical Session

• Alphasan is a SILVER based Zirconium Phosphate ceramic compound.

®

Antimicrobial

• SAFE - silver based chemistry

• Permanently bound in the carpet backing

• Will not migrate

• Will reduce odors due to microbial activity

Designed for Carpet:

Technical Session

Carpet Performance Enhancements

StainSmartTM

Resists – stainsRepels – liquid spillsReleases - soil

Technical Session

StainSmart Performance

Kool Aid Test after rinse

Soiling

No ChemistryF’ChemicalStainSmart

Technical Session

Color Seal

Functions to reduce the negative impact of accidental spills/drips from bleach containing solutions.

Does not allow for cleaning or sanitizing carpet with bleach containing products

Color Seal PerformanceColor Seal Applied

Control (No Color Seal)

Questions & Answers

Technical Session

THANK YOU

Technical Session

THANK YOU

Technical Session

Fiber Shape (cross-section) Fiber shape is a cross section of a

single fiber. It results from the shape of the holes in the spinneret when the fiber is extruded. Manufactures modify the shape to enhance performance characteristics.

Technical Session

Nylon Fiber Processing

Technical Session

Color Seal and Stain Resist

Bleach Test Stain Resist Test ControlNo Treatments