TrypanosomaTrypanosomiasis

Prepared by:

NOE P. MENDEZCENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY (CMU)

npolomendez@gmail.com

Reference Beaver, P.C., R.C. Jung and E. . Cup, 1984.

Clinical Parasitology. Lea and febiger Publishers. Philadelphia

Neva, F.A and H.W. Brown. 1994. basic Clinical parasitology. Appleton and Lange

Publishers. Norwalk, Connecticut Despommier, Gwadz, Hotez and Knirsch,

1990. Parasitc Diseases. Apple Trees productions L.L.C., New York

Trypanosoma Kingdom: ProtistaPhylum: ProtozoaClass: Zoomastogophora Order: KinetoplastidaFamily: Trypanosomatidae

General Characteristics single nucleus a single flagellum, and a leaf-like or

rounded body Members are all

parasitic

Morphology

Reproduction

Stages Amastigote- spherical- very short

flagellum

Leishmania amastigote

Promastigote

- has elongated body form

- kinetoplast and kinetosome at the anterior end, in front of nucleus

Trypomastigote- characteristic of

blood stream forms - metacyclic forms in

the invertebrate vector

- undulating membrane- kinetoplast and

kinetosome

Trypanosoma lewisi

Trypanosoma equiperdum

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

Trypanosoma cruzi

Diagnosis:Chronic cases severe headache, mental

apathy, slow speech, deep sleep, coma & death

Trypanosoma chancre (at the site of bite)

Via lymphatics: enlarged lymph nodes especially

posterior cervical region.Via blood stream: headache, fever(fluctuating),

muscle & joint pain, irregular erythematous rash.

Invasion of bone marrow

Enlarged liver & spleen, generalized weakness.

Invasion of CNS: In East African Trypanosomiasis: Disease runs more rapid & fatal courseRomana’s sign (Unilateral

conjunctivitis appear suddenly) together with edema of upper & lower eye lids & cheek