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Presentation Topic: TOBACCO

Presented By: Aown AbbasRoll No.46Class B.Sc(HONS.)Agriculture 2013-17Presented To: Dr. Ijaz AhmadCollege of Agriculture BZU Bahadur Sub-Campus LAYYAH

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ContentNomenclatureScientific nameFamilyEnglish nameBotany.Stem , Leaves Root , FlowerMedicinal Uses.Production Technology

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Tobacco Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum Huka Tobacco : Nicotiana rustica Family: SolanaceaeEnglish Name Tobacco

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Economic importance

Tobacco is an important cash crop of Pakistan and brings in a considerable amount of foreign exchange.

It is source of employment for thousands of people who are involved with producing marketing and cigarette manufacturing.

Tobacco stem contains 0.14% of nicotine which is used as insecticides.

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Botany of tobacco

Stem

Root

Leaves

Flowers

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STEM.

. Stem erect, round, hairy, and viscid

It branches near the top and is from 3 to 6 feet high

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ROOT Tobacco is an annual plantwith a long fibrous root

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Leaves

Color pale green

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Flowers

Pale white color of flower

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HistoryOrigin

Native American of north 3000BC

The origin of tobacco production in Pakistan (formerly Hindustan ) dates to the reign of emperor Akbar .

Now a days tobacco is grown in Attack , Sialkot , Peshawar , Narwhal , Sahiwal etc.

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Medicinal Uses of TobaccoTo purify mind & heal the body.

Heal the pain of toothache.

To treat earaches

Snakebites.

Ringworms

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Medicinal Uses of TobaccoHeadaches.

Uses for breeding.

Kidney stone.

Old score cancer.

Epilepsy

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Disease of tobacco

Mouth cancer

Heart attack

Lunges cancer

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Disease of tobacco

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Tuber culosis

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Disease of tobacco

Lip cancer

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Asthma

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Yellowing of teeth

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Production Technology of Tobacco

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Field Preparation4-5 Ploughing followed by planking.

After Ploughing the field is divided into small plots.

Leveling is necessary.

Then ridges are made.

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Raising of NurseryLight loam soil.

Nursery bed should be located in well drained soil close to the fresh water sources.

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Bed should be east –west orientation.

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Transplanting of nursery Ideal time for transplanting of nursery is Nev-Dec

Transplanting is done manually by hands.

Transplanting is done in standing water.

One seedling is enough for one hill.

Nursery should be transplant in morning or evening.

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Bed sterilizationTo make the soil free from soil borne diseases sterilization is

necessary.

There are Two Method of sterilization.

Burning

Chemicals

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Time and seed rateBest time for nursery raising is oct- nov 15.

The 25 to 30 g seed is enough for raising nursery for one hactare.

Nursery should be transplanted after 2 to 3 months.

Fertilizer is given to nursery before 7-10 day of transplanting.

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Soil and ClimateTobacco needs well drained , light to medium texture soil with

ph 5 - 5-7.

The limiting factors in tobacco production are frost , early moon soon rains , wind storms hailstorms and non availability of irrigation water.

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Important varieties

KPK : Sufaid and kala patta

Punjab : Naki , calcatta , SL-78 , SL-75

Sindh : Rubaki Rustica-6

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Fertilizer application & irrigationNitrogen

The optimum dose of N is 35 kg/ha.

Phosphorus.

The optimum dose of P is 70 kg/ha.

8-10 irrigations are enough for tobacco.

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Insect and Diseases Cut worms jassid are important insect of tobacco. Diseases.

Tobacco mosaic.

Root rot.

Leaf Spot.

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Intercultural & weedingTobacco competes poorly with weeds.

So weeding is done manually.

Hoeing.

Hoeing is done to keep the soil aerated and to control weeds.

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Topping and Desuckering Topping in tobacco is the removal of terminal bud just after

the appearance of flowers head.

The Removal of suckers (forth shoots ) is known as desuckering.

Suckers could be controlled by suckericide.

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Harvesting Drying and CuringAfter maturity harvesting is done manually.

Crop is dried for 2-3 days.

Curing.Curing is a process in which dried crop is

collected and buried in a pit for 10-15 days.

Then ropes are made.

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Yield

The leaf yield of huka tobacco is 2500-3000 kg /ha.

The leaf yield of cigarette tobacco is 2000 kg/ha.

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