NALIENDELE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE -NATIONAL CENTRE FOR CASHEW,OILSEEDS, ROOT AND TUBER RESEARCH –LOCATED IN

SOUTHERN ZONE TANZANIA

National Oilseeds Research Programme Mandate crops • Sesame • Groundnut • Sunflower • Pigeonpea • Bambara nuts • Cowpea • Green gram (mung bean)

Objectives 1. Develop high yielding oilseeds

varieties with resistance to majors biotic and abiotic stress and preferred by farmers and markets.

2. Develop improved agronomic practices (spacing, fertilizer application, time of sowing etc) for growing target crops.

3. Identify major insect-pests and diseases affecting target crops and develop effective control/ management measures.

4. Investigate the role of oilseeds crops in traditional farming systems to enhance their contribution to household food security and income.

Groundnut Improvement Projects

• McKnight Groundnut Breeding and aflatoxin project 2006-2010, 2010-2014, 2014-2018

• Tropical legumes I Groundnuts Breeding 2007-2010, 2011-2014

• Tropical Legumes II 2007-2010, 2011-2015 (Feb)

• Tropical Legumes III Apr 2015 - 2019

• N2Africa IITA

• Africa Rising – Feed the Future USAID

• EC-IFAD Pigeon pea and groundnuts

Groundnut Production Constraints

Biotic and abiotic

ELS, LLS, Rosette, Rust & Aflatoxin Climate change, drought & Soil fertility

Socio-economic

• Limited access to improved seed

• Limited access to extension information and a general lack of market information.

• Poor quality management,

• Poor product grading and standardization & inadequate market

Drought

Variety Development ➢ Variety evaluation

for rust and GRD ➢ Annually receive

improved germplasm from ICRISAT

➢ Started developing

own crosses – 44 crosses made to introgress

resistance to rust, ELS and GRD

– F5 crosses advanced to F6

On-station evaluation sites

• Lake zone – Ukiriguru Research Institute

• Central Zone – Makutupora Research Institute

• Western Zone – Tumbi Research Institute

• Southern Zone – Naliendele ARI, Nachingwea, Tunduru

• Southern Highlands – Suluti experimental station

Participatory variety selection with farmers- FRGs-Bahi,Bukombe,Masasi, Nanyumbu, Tunduru,

Nachingwea, Kaliua, Uyui, Singida, Chamwino,Mbozi,Namtumbo

Rural Seed-Fairs, Field days, Agricultural shows, and media involvement significantly improve

awareness and accessibility to improved varieties via formal and informal seed systems

Released Groundnut Varieties in Tanzania

Name of Variety CODE Group Year of

Release

Remarks

Dodoma bold, Natal common, Spanish 1960s Early maturity

Red Mwitunde Virginia 1960s Medium maturity

Nyota Spancross Spanish 1983 Early, High oil

Johari Robut-33 Virginia 1985 Medium maturity

Sawia ICGMS-46 Virginia 1998 Medium maturity

Pendo -98 ICGMS -33 Spanish 1998 Early,, Bold

Mnanje 2009 ICGV-SM-86737 Virginia 2009 51% oil,bold

Masasi 2009 ICGV-SM-01721 Virginia 2009 50% Oil,bold

Mangaka 2009 ICGV-SM-99557 Spanish 2009 48% oil Rosette ,

res drought res

Nachingwea 2009 ICGV-SM- 01711 Virginia 2009 Rosette res

Naliendele 2009 ICGV-SM-99555 Spanish 2009 Drought

NARINUTS 2015 ICGV SM 01731 Virginia 2016 Rosette, Bold

KUCHELE 2015 ICGV SM 8326 Vurginia 2016 Rosette,bold

NACHI 2015 ICGV SM 90704 Virginia 2016 Rosette, bold

Improved varieties

Naliendele 2009

Mangaka 2009

Masasi 2009

New improved varieties released 2016

NACHI 2015 KUCHELE 2015 NARINUT 2015

Tropical Legumes III-

Groundnut PIP-Tanzania

Improving Genetic Gains

By O. K. Mponda, A. Minja, P. Okori &E. Monyo

Development of Formal products/varieties

• 2.1.2 and 2.1.3. Phenotyping platform for

drought and Diseases and Identification of

QTL

•NARI: Fifty genotypes planted in support of

development of SNP arrays for marker array trait

association for Drought and 145 genotypes will be

planted for rosette and other foliar disease screening

based on groundnut SNP.

•

2.1.4. Collection and evaluation of

Phenotyping data;

NARI: Procured 4 hand held devices and installed

Breeding Management System (BMS). BMS

operationalized

NARI: hand held devices used for e-data capturing and

use BMS for pedigree and data management.

(d) Collection and evaluation of

Phenotyping data Cont..;

•Providing to the project management team data on

Phenotyping and trials data for assisting NARS to use

modern tools and platforms for breeding

Activity 2.2: Breeding Pipeline

(a) Develop five (5) short duration (SD) breeding lines with

moderate levels of resistance to rust, LLS and ELS once in project

life;

•Selected short duration lines which are resistance to foliar

diseases for crossing with adapted popular varieties by

July – October

•Selection from Good x Good crosses - SSD

(b) Develop ten (10) drought-tolerant

breeding lines once in project life;

•Selected drought tolerant lines will be crossed to adapted

popular varieties for introgression of drought tolerance by

July – October

•27 drought resistant lines received from ICRISAT

•Drought phenotyping - planted

(d) Develop ten (10) medium duration breeding

lines (high levels of Rust, LLS resistance, ELS,

GRD/PBND and other stresses) once in project

life;

•Selected medium duration lines with added foliar disease

resistance trait will be crossed to adapted popular varieties

for introgression of foliar disease resistance traits by July -

October 2016

• Conduct crossing program > 20 crosses Identified sources of resistance GRD, rust, ELS,

• High yielding and rust disease resistant

ICGV-SM 06711, ICGV-SM 05569 ICGV-SM 08584, ICGV-SM 05570, ICGV-SM 02724, ICGV-SM 06711, ICGV-SM 08578

• High yielding and rosette resistant

• ICGV-SM 01731, • ICGV-SM 02724, • ICGV-SM 05593 , • ICGV-SM 08503 ICGV SM 05593 ICGV 01276, ICGV 02194 ICGV 02446

Activity 2.3: Testing for Release

(a) International/regional trials;

10 lines (ICGV-SM 95741, ICG V SM 07558, Mangaka 2009, ICGV SM 06737, ICGV SM 07505, Nach 2013, Mnanje 2009, ICGV-SM 08581, ICVG-SM 99551, ICGV-SM 05569) with agronomic advantages such as disease and pest tolerance, high yield, drought tolerance selected from Regional trials are planted in 3 sites (Naliendele, Nachingwea and Tunduru) for close observations for superiority and stability in yield evaluation across groundnut growing areas. Superior and stable groundnut genotypes will be proposed NPT and release.

(b) Multi-location evaluation of 10 breeding

lines;

•10 lines (ICGV SM 01514, ICGV SM 05611, ICGV SM 06518,

ICGV SM 06711, ICGV SM 06737, ICGV SM 07509, ICGV SM

07599, ICGV SM 08503, Mnanje 2009 and Pendo) are planted for

AGVT in 5 sites characterized by low altitude, mid altitude and

moisture stress (Naliendele, Nachingwea, Tunduru, Makutupora and

Tumbi, Suluti, Ukiriguru), the genotypes are being evaluated for

their adaptation in those major groundnut areas so that they can be

included in NPT and later proposed for release lake zone , northern

zone, SHZ

•Submit for NPT and DUS test – ICGV SM 08503, ICGV SM 01514

and ICGV SM 07509

(c) FPVS trials;

•Six groundnut genotypes (ICGV SM 08501, ICGV SM 08503,

ICGV SM 08584, ICGV SM 01514, ICGV SM 07509 and Local)

will be tested in 20 FPVS across Tanzania in groundnut growing

areas. (Southern Zone: 15, Central Zone: 6, Western Zone: 8 and

Lake Zone: 6). Seven (7) groundnut genotypes (ICGV SM 01514,

ICGV SM 07509, ICGV SM 08503, ICGV SM 07599, Mangaka

2009, Nach 2013 and Local) will be tested in 15 FPVS in Southern

zone.

(c) FPVS trials;

❖Incorporate FPVS in the northern and Southern

Highlands groundnut growing areas

❖Upscale FPVS in Southern, Central and western

selected groundnut districts of Kailua, Urambo, Bahi,

Chamwino, Tunduru, Nanyumbu, and Masasi

❖Liase with project gender scientist to facilitate

application of gender audit tool with legumes farmers

(f) Nutrition profiling of all candidate release

varieties;

•Five released varieties Pendo, Naliendele 2009, Mangaka 2009, Mnanje 2009 and Nachingwea will be analyzed for nutrition profiling

Activity 2.4: Best Bet Varieties

(a) Eighty (80) demonstrations plots;

❖100 demonstration will be planted in 11 Districts (Southern Zone:

30, Central Zone: 30, Western Zone: 30 and Lake Zone: 11) plus

SHZ and northern zone identified groundnut growing districts.

Demo size is 5mx10m due to availability of seeds

❖Inventories groundnut growing areas in the SHZ and NZ in order

to complement with other BMGF investments in the SHZ and

Northern Zone and distribute demo’s plots in identified areas.

❖5 tonnes ordered from ICRISAT NACHI 2015 and MNANJE

❖

(b) Release of 8-10 tons of breeder seed of at least

one best bet variety;

(c) fingerprint database developed for the improved

cultivars promoted under TL-II project;

•NARI/ICRISAT: NARI scientist will be trained on conducting

DNA finger printing by ICRISAT and DNA fingerprint database will

be developed for 5-8 improved Groundnut varieties released under

TL-II and scaled out under TL-III. Cold room to maintain viability of

varieties in the germplasm

Activity 2.5. Enhancing Genetic Gain of

ICRISAT hubs and partners

(a) Develop and implement a Program for Improvement

Plan;

•NARI/ICRISAT: Maintain groundnut lines to be used in

breeding with well defined traits of advantage in groundnut

improvement. Use the lines in short and long term goals for

introgression of genes of traits of interest to popular

varieties.

Capacity development

• Long Term PhD Training Happy Daudi

• Training on data management using BMS- Deployment

• Operationalization and maintenance of Irrigation system

• Cold Seed storage and drying shade

• TLIII Gender training to researchers/technicians

• Extension/farmer training on trial/demo management

Transpiration Efficiency (TE) determination using dry down procedure

Organization

IRRIGATION FACILITIES

• Irrigated crops: Groundnuts, Cassava

Dissemination

• Collaborate with ASA for production of Basic seeds,

• Use as many farmer research groups to multiply released varieties Farmer Based Basic Seed Production ( South, Lake, Western, Central, Southern Highlands)

• Irrigation for Nuclear and Breeder seed production

• Strengthen Radio and TV Programs to create effective demand of recommended technologies

Acknowledgements

• GOT-DRD Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries: ORP, NARLP, TARP II, FSR, ASDP-ZARDEF Projects 1980- to date

• Groundnut breeding project McKnight CCRP Project in Malawi and Tanzania in collaboration with ICRISAT Phase I 2006-2009, Phase II 2010-2014, Phase III 2015-2018

• Tropical Legumes I Phase I 2007-2010, Phase II 2011-2014 • Tropical Legumes II Groundnut Breeding and Seed systems

Phase I 2007-2010, Phase II 2011-2014 • Tropical Legumes III Groundnut Breeding and seed

systems2015-2019 • All stakeholders-Farmers, District Councils, ICRISAT, GCP,

Media, ASA, NGOs,

Thank you