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Rock Hard
• Describe the texture of different rocks
• Find out if a rock is porous.
• Describe the basic structure of the earth.
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Some key words
• Mineral
• Grain
• Porous
• Sedimentary rock
• Metamorphic rock
• Igneous rock
• Interlocking
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• Draw a simple version of the earth, what is it made of?
• Then listen to the song and try to draw it again.
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Where do the rocks come from?
We get many useful substances from rocks, such as building materials, metals, pigments and jewels. But where do we get the rocks themselves from?
They come from the Earth’s crust. The Earth’s crust is the thin outer layer of the Earth. It is about 30 km thick on land and only about 8 km thick under the sea.
crust
mantle
inner core
outer core
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What is the Earth’s crust made of?
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Minerals and metals
Many of the useful substances we get from the Earth’s crust are minerals, which contain metals.
Here are the names and formulae of some of the most common minerals.
Fe2O3
Al2O3
PbS
TiO2
CuFeS2
haematite
bauxite
galena
chalcopyrite
rutile
mineral formula metal extracted from it
iron
aluminium
lead
titanium
copper
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Properties of crystalsProperties of crystals
Classify the images according to their crystals
Are the crystals…
1)Rounded or angular?
2)Interlocking or spaced?
3)Same size or different?
4)Same colour or different?
5)Random or regular?
Which is igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary?
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Identifying rocks: summary
sedimentary
metamorphic
igneous
sandstone and limestone
marble and slate
basalt and granite
the softest rock type, containing layers and sometimes fossils
usually harder than sedimentary rocks, containing thin layers and twisted fossils
usually the hardest rock type, containing shiny crystals
type examples description
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• Describe one of your rocks.
• Can you tell which one it is.
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• What does porous mean?
• How can you test to see if it is or not?
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• Answer the questions on page 106-107
• What are the main types of rock?
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Identifying rocks: summary
sedimentary
metamorphic
igneous
sandstone and limestone
marble and slate
basalt and granite
the softest rock type, containing layers and sometimes fossils
usually harder than sedimentary rocks, containing thin layers and twisted fossils
usually the hardest rock type, containing shiny crystals
type examples description
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Different rocks = different uses
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• Can you beat the teacher at hangman?
