Results of “Digital Diplomatics” for the research with medieval documents

Results of “Digital Diplomatics” for the research with medieval

documentsGeorg Vogeler (Lecce / Munich)

IMC - Leeds 8.7.2008 Georg Vogeler 2

Charters OnlineGood Examples:• Codice Diplomatico della Lombardia Medievale

(http://cdlm.unipv.it)• Anglo Saxon Charters

(http://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/chartwww/charthome.html and http://www.aschart.kcl.ac.uk/)

• Monasterium.net (http://www.monasterium.net)• … (further references at http://www.vl-ghw.lmu.de/chartularia_en.html)

• => ca. 350.000 charters represented online, still growing• … heading towards the complete Corpus of charters


Online Corpus abolishes borders …

• between repositories• between forms of representation

and


P.H. Sawyer: A.-S. Charters

Regesta Regum Anglorum

Provisional texts of unpublished charters

Database

Digital Images of A.-S. charters

Translations of A.-S. charters

A.-S. charters on single sheets

Working aids

W.H. Stevenson: The A.-S. Chancery

Anglo-Saxon

Charters

Online Corpus integrates …

• archives– Images

• references– Calendar with

dates, issuers, abstracts …

• text– Transcriptions,

critical editions• interpretation Edition in ASChart with links

to PASE


Images & Collaborative Work


First Summary

The "digital diplomatist" works – in a digital environment – on a global corpus of charters, – where he can select and arrange items by his

interest of study – contributing his work directly to the corpus.


Changes in Diplomatics?

• “Visual Turn”?• Pattern analysis:

– Textual patterns– “Charter patterns” instead of “chanceries”?


Digital Diplomatic studies

• France: forgery identification with simple word statistics (Parisse, Tock, Brousseau)

• Kuenringer: Scribal groups with type-token-relation, punctuation and graphematic encoding (Fiebig)

• England: dating with word patterns; scribal identity with Cumulative Sum Charts, Entropy for Markov Chains of Letters (Gervers, Margolin)


Fits into …

• redefinition of the roles of issuer and recipient (Problem der “Empfängerausfertigung”:– Pitz, Kortüm, Huschner

• geographical patterns (“Urkundenlandschaften”)– Fichtenau, Härtel, Erhart

• need for methods to analyse the growing amount of high and late medieval ‚private‘ charters– Hlavaček


Diplomatic Scholars!

1. The digital publications of charters have to be considered and planned to fit into the Online Charter Corpus.

2. The technologies necessary for diplomatic work won't develop as long as the diplomatists don't show demand for these technologies.


e.g. Digital Edition

• Edition as part of the process of digital representation in the corpus(images->transcriptions->editions)

• Diplomatic text encoding for data interchange (Charters Encoding Initiative http://www.cei.lmu.de)


• base on assumptions confirmed by recent diplomatic studies.

• Diplomatists should test existing computational methods with charters

• and develop their own.

e.g. Computational Linguistics:


BFW 687 total text text without formal parts in the beginning and the end

BFW 692 82,49% 70,65%

BFW 709 51,71% 24,31%

BFW 713 79,81% 97,19%BFW 739 66,89% 55,11%

BFW 793 74,67% 48,01%

BFW 796 25,06% 12,56%

BFW 843 78,20% 53,29%

BFW 863 87,59% 92,09%

BFW 867 51,02% 15,52%

BFW 890 67,45% 50,97%

BFW 891 78,79% 44,89%

BFW 892 64,22% 45,25%

BFW 897 93,40% 90,81%BFW 910 91,82% 55,18%

BZ 146 93,11% 85,00%

BFW 664 99,05% 59,21%

BZ 85 40,46% 38,83%

Entropy of Markov Chains of Letters (by tools of DEEDS)

Tested on documents of Frederic II attributed to Ulrich von Bollingen(first column, second column gives probability of same author as of BFW 687)


An Online Corpus of Charters is coming into existence.


Computational methods are applied successfully to charters.


Computational methods are applied successfully to charters.


Diplomatic Scholars should …1. consider and plan their calendar or edition

as a part of the developing online charter corpus and

2. show demand for computational methods necessary for their work.


Thank you!

Georg Vogeler

[email protected]://www.hgw.geschichte.lmu.de/personen/mitarbeiter/vogeler/

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Science

Results of “Digital Diplomatics” for the research with medieval documents