Kingdom Protista / Protoctista“Protists”

Presenters:

Dayna Bignal

Hortense Hassan

Protists• Protists are a very large, diverse group of

organisms, including the plant-like protists (algae), fungi-like protists, and the animal-like protists (protozoans).

• Animal-like Protists – also called protozoa (means “first animal”) – heterotrophsPlant-like Protists – also called algae – autotrophsFungus-like Protists – heterotrophs, decomposers, external digestion

DefinitionProtists are eukaryotic organisms that aren’t plants, animals or fungi, which mainly live in water.

Differences between plant-like and animal-like protists

Plant-like Animal-like

can photosynthesise Do not

maybe unicellular or *multicellular

unicellular

Feed on the sun Must feed on other living organisms

*The multicellular types have no real roots, stems, or leaves, just a simple body called a thallus

Characteristics of Protists

• mostly unicellular, some are multicellular (algae)

• can be heterotrophic or autotrophic

• most live in water (though some live in moist soil or even the human body)

• ALL are eukaryotic (have a nucleus)

• No tissue

Protists “phylogeny”

• Biological junk drawer

Classification of Protists

• how they obtain nutrition• how they move

Locomotion

• Cilia - Microscopic hair like projections extending from the surface of a cell or unicellular organism. Capable of rhythmical motion, they act in unison to bring about the movement of the cell or of the surrounding medium

Paramecium

• Flagella - A long, threadlike appendage, especially a whip like extension of certain cells or unicellular organisms, found singly or in pairs.

 Euglena

Locomotion

• Pseudopodia - A temporary projection of the cytoplasm of certain cells, such as phagocytes, or of certain unicellular organisms, especially amoebas.

Amoeba

Locomotion

Metabolism • There are two major groups;

Phototrophic Organotrophic

Make their own food; Does not make their

generally from the sun own food; eat food to get energy

Kelp

Euglena

Dinoflagellate

plasmodium

Amoeba

Reproduction • Asexual

• Sexual

• Both

Paramecium splitting in half

Slime mold (about 13 different genders)

Diversity

• Paramecium – cilia around the outside

Volvox- Large colony of cells with a smallercolony inside it

kelp

Diatoms – converting silicon into glass at low temperature