WASTE DISPOSAL IN TURKEY

SUZAN MEHMET GÖNÇ VOCATIONAL AND TRADE ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL

GERMANY, 23-25 FEBRUARY 2015

Waste

Also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, junk… is unwanted or useless materials.

Wastes

Fruits/Vegetables

Plastics

Paper

Bottles

Cans

Kinds of WastesSolid wastes: wastes in solid forms, domestic,

commercial and industrial wastes

Examples: plastics, bottles,cans, papers…

Liquid Wastes: wastes in liquid form

Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils…

Classification of Wastes According to Their Biodegradability

Bio-degradable can be degraded in nature

(paper, wood, fruits)

Non-biodegradablecannot be degraded in nature

(plastics, bottles, old machines, cans)

Classification of Wastes According toTheir Effects on Human Health and the Environment

Hazardous wastesSubstances unsafe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally, or economically.

They have any of the following properties- ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity & toxicity.

Non-hazardous Substances safe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally, or economically.

They don’t have any of those properties mentioned above.

Sources of Wastes

Households

Commerce and Industry

How Much Waste Do We Create?

Each person generates ~ 2.7 kg of waste each day all over th world.

The total amount of waste collected in Turkey is 24.4 million tons per year in 2012.

12.7 (~ %52) million tons of waste was directly disposed of in landfills.

0.3 million tons were treated in composting facilities.

IMPACTS OF WASTE IF NOT MANAGED

1- Affects our health

2- Affects our socio-economic conditions

3- Affects our coastal and marine environment

4- Affects our climate

Impacts of waste on health- Chemical poisoning through chemical inhalation

- Uncollected waste can lead to flood

- Cancer

- Congenital malformations

- Neurological disease

Effects of Waste on Animals and Aquatics Life

- Increase in mercury level in fish due to disposal of mercury in the rivers.

- Plastic found in oceans ingested by birds.

- Resulted in high algal population in rivers and sea.

- Degrades water and soil quality.

Impacts of Waste on Environment

- Waste breaks down in landfills to form methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHGs)

- GHGs lead to change in climate

- Leads to leaching: is a process by which solid waste enter soil and ground water and contaminating them.

U.S. Environment Protection Agency (2009)

It is estimated that;

«The food wasted by the US and Europe could feed the world three times over.»

Every tons of food waste prevented has the potential to save 4.2 tons of CO2 equivalent.

The Problem

More People+ More Waste

= Less Available Landfill Space

The 3Rs Rule

REDUCE

REUSE

RECYCLE

The Solution

WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

1- Reduce Waste

- Reduce office paper waste by using both sides.

- Redesign packaging to eliminate excess materials.

- Work with customers to design and implement a packaging return program.

...

WHAT SHOULD BE DONE2- Reuse

- Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as envelopes, file folders, and paper.

- Use durable towels, tablecloths, dishes, cups, and glasses.

- Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather than new ones.

- Donate old books, old clothes, old computers …

3- Recycling

Wastes = Resources

RECYCLING PLANTS IN TURKEY

Hazardous Wastes 3 hazardous waste landfills in Turkey.

İZAYDAŞ (İzmit)ERDEMİR (Ereğli)İSKEN (İskenderun)

In 2007, only İZAYDAŞ utilized 160 000 m3 hazardous waste.

Waste Oil

- It is estimated that the amount of waste oil generated every year is approximately 150,000 tons in Turkey.

Used Batteries and AccumulatorsNumber of produced each year

Number recycled

Batteries 10 000 tons 200 tons (2%)

Accumulators 74 000 tons 45 474 tons (67%)

Medical Waste

According to data of year 2006 (Ministry of Health),

91,323 tons of medical waste was generated each year.

In 2008, 12 681 tons of medical waste (14% of the total) had been sterilized.

4 tons of medical waste is sterilized each day.

End of Life Tyres (ELT)

284,800 ton ELT is recycled in each year (30% of the total amount).

LIQUID WASTE RECYCLING PLANTS

In our city, Ankara, about 1 million m3 sewage is treated each day.

SOLID WASTE RECYCLING PLANTS Paper, plastic and glasses are recycled solid

wastes.

Solid Waste Conversion Plants.

This area was a dump area about 10 years ago.

The genereted methane gas is converted to electrical energy and some heat is produced as a by-product.

This heat is used to heat the water.

This water is used to heat the greenhouses.

As this area was a dump area the soil quality is very low.

So they cultivate plants without land.

They put the seeds in bags with inorganic substrats like perlit.

Or they use water cultures.

MAMAK SOLID WASTE RECYCLING PLANT

MAMAK SOLID WASTE RECYCLING PLANT

Tomatoes/ perlit in plastic bags as substrat

Strawberries/ water culture

Tomatoes Seedlings

Waste Reduction Week (October 17th – 23rd) activities in your school (Poster Competition between classes)

Get Involved

The Winner Poster

THANK YOU

BEGÜMCAN BÖLÜKBAŞI

KARDELEN HANOĞLU

İREM BAHAR BUĞDAYCI

BUSE BAŞPINAR

YEŞİM ÖZBEK

HANİFE SILA KULECİ