Topic:Order Carnivora

Presenters: ABDUL QAHARShagufta

&Hemsia

Presented to: Respected Sir, Zaheer Ahmad

Introduction• The mammals of this

order are known as carnivorans.

• Any mammal that derives it’s food (meat/flesh) from other animals for energy and nutrients is called carnivores.

A carnivore is an animal that gets food from killing and eating other animals.

Order CarnivoraScientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Suborder 1 – Fissipedia

Suborder 2 - Pinnipedia

Carnivora is a diverse order that includes over 280 species of placental mammals.

Geographic RangeCarnivores are distributed across the world, on all major land masses (except possibly Australia, where the only terrestrial member of Carnivora, dingos (Canis lupus dingo), may have been brought by man) and in all oceans. (Refrence: Stains, 1984; Vaughan, et al., 2000)

Dingos

Distinguishing features

Most carnivorans are terrestrial; they usually

have strong, sharp claws, with never fewer than

four toes on each foot, and well-developed,

prominent canine teeth, cheek teeth (premolars,

and molars) that generally have cutting edges.

HabitatCarnivores occupy just about every type of terrestrial habitat, and many aquatic

habitats as well, from the tropics to the poles.

Physical DescriptionMost members of the order Carnivora can be recognized by their

enlarged fourth upper premolar and first lower molar, which together

form an efficient shear for cutting meat and tendon.

Carnivores generally have long canine teeth, strong jaws,

clawed toes.

Carnivores are relatively long-lived mammals, with most species living at least a decade.

Lifespan

Animal matter makes up a substantial portion of the diet of most

carnivorans. However, not all members of Carnivora are

carnivorous. Some, such as bears and raccoons, are decidedly

omnivorous, and giant pandas are primarily vegetarian.

Food Habits

Raccoons BearGiant panda

Physiology

• Carnivora have a simple stomach adapted to digest meat.

• Carnivores have organs for capturing and

disarticulating prey and status as a predator

Sub order 1- Fissipedia (Characters)• Include Terrestrial carnivores.

• The incisors are always six in each jaw and feebly developed in many cases.

• The canines are always very large and strong.

• The digits are mostly five and never less than four.

• Examples: lion, tiger, leopard cat, hunting leopard , civet cat, Mangoose, wolf etc.

Sub order 1- Pinnipedia (Characters)

• Marine carnivore.

• The greater parts of limbs are enclosed within the body skin and hands and feet are

fully webbed.

• The claws are reduced and the digits are increased in number.

• Tail is very short and useful in swimming.

• External ears are degenerated. Examples: sea-lion, walrus, seal

Economic Importance for Humans: PositiveHumans benefit from carnivorans in many ways.

• Humans have hunted them for thousands of years for sport and for their fur, meat,

and other body parts.

• Bones and soft tissues of tigers (Panthera tigris) and other large carnivores have long

been used in traditional Asian medicine.

• Carnivorans are also valuable to humans for their ability to control rodents and other

pests.

• Domesticated cats, dogs, and other carnivorans are popular pets worldwide.

Economic Importance for Humans: Negative

Carnivorans also have negative impacts on humans. They may compete with

humans for game and prey on livestock. Occasionally, large carnivorans even

attack and kill humans. Omnivorous species may raid fruit crops, and in

urban areas carnivorans become pests when they raid garbage cans and take

up residence inside chimneys and under porches. They also carry diseases

and parasites, such as rabies, that can be transmitted to humans and

domestic animals.

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