Natural vegetation and wild life SUBJECT: SSTBY SHAIRYL SRIVASTAVA

WHAT IS VEGETATION? Vegetation is a very general term for

the plant life; it refers to the ground cover provided by plants

What are the factors of the growth of the vegetation?

The growth of vegetation depends on the temperature, moisture. It also depends on factors like slope and thickness of soil. There are many soil type where plants vary from place to place.

Natural vegetation

They are classified into three major groups.

Forests – this is where temperature and rainfall is very high. These factors forms dense and open forest.

Grasslands – These grow in the region of moderate rain.

Shrubs – Thorny shrubs and scrubs grow in the dry region.

FORESTS

Tropical Evergreen Forests Another name for these type of

forests is tropical rainforests. These forests are formed in countries

near the equator and close to the tropics.

They receive hot and heavy rainfall throughout the year.

As there is no dry season, they do not shed their leaves.

Tropical Deciduous Forests Tropical deciduous forests are monsoon

forests found in the large part of India, northern Australia and Central America.

These forests experience seasonal changes. So they have to shed there leaves to conserve water.

Hardwood trees especially grow here. These trees are used to make furniture, transportation and construction material.

Temperate Evergreen Forests

The temperate evergreen forests are located in the mid-latitudinal coastal region.

They are commonly found along the eastern margin of the continents. They contain both hard and soft wood trees.

Temperate Deciduous Forests

They are found in the higher latitudes The wildlife present in these are: Deer Fox Wolf Pheasant Monal

Mediterranean vegetation

As we know that most of the east and north east margins of the continents are covered by temperate evergreen and deciduous trees. The west and south west margins of the continents are different. They have Mediterranean vegetation.

These regions are made in hot dry summers and mild rainy winters. Citrus fruits such as oranges, figs, olives and grapes. The people have removed the natural vegetation in order to grow such fruits.

Coniferous Forests In the higher latitudes of the northern

hemisphere, coniferous forests are found. They are also called Taiga. These trees contain softwood evergreen trees.

The uses of these trees are – the manufacturing of paper, match boxes and packing boxes.

The animals are: Silver foxes, mink, polar bear which are common here.

GRASSL

ANDS

Tropical grassland

These occur in either side of the equator and are grown in low amount of rainfall.

The grasses which grow there are very tall, about 3 or 4 meters in height.

Animals which live there are: Elephants Zebra Giraffe Leopard

Temperate Grassland

These are found in the mid-latitudinal zones and in the interior part of the continents.

The grass are very short and nutritious.

Thorn

y bush

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scru

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These are found in the dry desert like region. Tropical deserts are located on the western margins of the continents. The vegetation there is limited because of low rainfall and scorching heat from the sun.

If you go up to the polar regions, it gets extremely cold. The plant life here is also limited. Very short summers is a time for the plants to grow.

Thorny bushes